Objective To observe the role of baicalin on the expression of phosphorylated protein of signal transduc-ers and activators of transcription signaling proteins (STATs) during the process that neural stem cells (NSCs) differentiating into neurons. Methods NSCs were isolated from the embryonic cerebral cortex of the 14-15-day pregnant SD rats, which were cultured and passaged in vitro. The 3rd generation of NSCs was used in the experiment. NSCs were randomized into nat-ural differentiation control group, three different doses of baicalin groups (7.5μmol/L, 15μmol/L and 30μmol/L), leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF)+basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) group and baicalin+LIF+bFGF group. After 6 d culture in vi-tro, the immunohistochemical method was used to observe the expressions of microtubule-associated protein 2(MAP-2) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in different groups. The expression levels of phosphorylation protein of STAT 3 in NSCs were detected by Western blotting method after 2 h and 6 d of culture. Results The expression of MAP-2 in NSCs was in-creased by baicalin, but the expression of GFAP in NSCs decreased. The expression of GFAP in NSCs was enhanced in LIF+bFGF group, which was inhibited by baicalin+LIF+bFGF. The phosphorylation level of STAT3 in NSCs was downregulat-ed by baicalin, but the phosphorylation level of STAT3 was upregulated in LIF+bFGF group. The upregulated phosphoryla-tion level of STAT3 was inhibited in baicalin+LIF+bFGF group(P＜0.05). Conclusion Baicalin can induce NSCs to dif-ferentiate into neurons, which may be caused by the downregulation of the phosphorylation level of STAT3 in NSCs.

BACKGROUND: Common complication of traditional joint replacement is hip joint dislocation and large head joint implant can effectively solve this problem. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the preliminary efficacy of large head metal-on-metal implants for patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Prospective cohort study. The patients were selected from Department of Joint Surgery, Xinjiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine between February 2007 and January 2008. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 65 patients (71 hips) undergoing large head metal-on-metal implantation in Xinjiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine were selected, including 21 females and 44 males with an average age of 54.6 years (ranging 19 to 77 years). Of them, there were 28 cases of necrosis of the femoral head, 24 of hip osteoarthritis, 9 of femoral neck fracture and 4 of acetabular dysplasia. METHODS: According to age, sex, cause of disease and preoperative joint function, the patients were divided into traditional prosthesis (n=30, 33 hips, metal-on-polyethylene implant) and large head M-O-M group (n=35, 38 hips, ASR/XL prosthesis, DePuy, Motech, Warsaw, IN, USA). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The pre and postoperative Harris scores for the hip, range of motion, periprosthetic radiolucency, leg-length inequality and complications were recorded and compared. RESULTS: All patients were followed-up. The traditional group was followed up for 20 months (ranging 13-28 months), and the large head M-O-M group was followed up for 17 months (ranging 10-26 months). The mean Harris score was 89 points (ranging 59-98) in traditional group, and 94 points (ranging 71-100) in large head M-O-M group (P=0.014). The range of motion of hip was improved, and the large head M-O-M group (34?) was superior to traditional group (26?, P=0.004) at 6 months after surgery; the range of motion was improved 27? in traditional group and 37? in large head M-O-M group (P=0.009) over 1 year of follow up. The leg-length inequality was 4 mm (2-11 mm) in large head M-O-M group and 7 mm (5-16 mm) in traditional group (P=0.005). Both groups exhibited periprosthetic radiolucency (≤1 mm, 2 cases in traditional group and 3 cases in large head M-O-M group). One patient in the traditional group suffered dislocation. CONCLUSION: The large head M-on-M implants in total hip arthroplasty has excellent short-term effects on patients compared with traditional prosthesis. They offer the more stability and better restoration of hip articulation function and biomechanical reconstruction.

Objective To investigate Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) expression in tumor associated inflammation in patients with adamantinomatous craniopharyngima..Methods Fifty-four patients (31 male and 23 female) with craniopharyngioma from 3 to 66 years of age were recruited from May 2004 to March 2006.NF-κB and Osteopontin (OPN) expression in human craniopharyngiomas were detected using immunohistochemical staining.High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), a systemic marker of inflammation, was examined in patients' tumor hydatid fluid, cerebrospinal fluid and serum.Results NF-κB expression was significantly increased in the adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma.Spearman;s correlation analysis demonstrated that NF-κB expression was associated with OPN expression.The hs-CRP level was also increased in the tumor hydatid fluid (4.28±0.90 mg/mL), cerebrospinal fluid (0.035±0.006 mg/mL) and serum (1.72±0.54 mg/mL) in patients with adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma.Conclusions NF-kappa B is closely associated with tumor associated inflammation which further mediates adhesion of tumor to surrounding important structures in patients with adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma.

Objectlve To assess the clinical effects and safety of intravitreal injection of conbercept and macular photocoagulation for non-ischemic macular edema secondary to branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO).Methods A total of 50 patients (50 eyes) with non-ischemic macular edema following BRVO were retrospectively analyzed.Patients were divided into 2 groups:ICI group (26 eyes) received intravitreal injection of conbercept,laser group (24 eyes) received standard-of-care grid laser for macular edema.The best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central macular thickness (CMT) were observed before and 1 week,1 month,2 months and 3 months after treatment.Then,the changes in pre-treatment and post-treatment were compared,and the related complications were recorded.Results The difference of BCVA before treatment was not significant between two groups (P ＞ 0.05).BCVA at 1 week,1 month,2 months and 3 months after treatment in two groups were all improved,the differences were statistically significant compared with before treatment (all P ＜ 0.05),and the differences were statistically significant between two groups after treatment (all P ＜0.05).At 3 months after treatment,BCVA of 18 patients (69.23％) in ICI group and 8 patients (33.33％) in ICI group improved 2 lines.The difference of CMT before treatment was not significant between two groups (P ＞ 0.05),CMT at 1 week,1 month,2 months and 3 months after treatment in two groups were all decreased,the differences were statistically significant compared with before treatment (all P ＜ 0.05),and the differences were statistically significant between two groups after treatment (all P ＜0.05).13 eyes received repeat intravitreal injection in ICI group,including 2 eyes at 1 month,7 eyes at 2 months with CMT ＞250 μm,and 3 eyes at 3 months.No severe side effect related with drug and intravitreal injection occurred in the two groups.Conclusion Mean BCVA change and CMT change are significantly greater in the intravitreal injection of conbercept than the standard-of-care grid laser group for the macuiar edema secondary to non-ischemic BRVO.

Objective:To identify the risk factors for failure in closed reduction of flexed supracondylar humerus fractures of Wilkins type Ⅲ in children.Methods:The data of 171 children were retrospectively analyzed who had been treated for flexed supracondylar humerus fractures of Wilkins type Ⅲ from January 2013 to December 2021 at Department of Orthopaedics, Children's Hospital of Jiangxi Province and Children's Hospital of Fudan University Anhui Hospital. They were divided into a reduction failure group (35 cases) and a reduction success group (136 cases). Factors such as fracture height, age, body mass index, ulnar-radial offset direction, obvious axial rotation of the distal fracture fragment, combined ulnar nerve injury, and time from injury to operation were listed as risk factors. The independent risk factors for failure in closed reduction of flexed supracondylar humerus fractures were identified by univariate analysis of variance and multi-variate logistic regression analysis.Results:The average age of 171 children was (7.8±2.6) years. There were 151 cases of radial deviation and 20 cases of ulnar deviation, 120 high type fractures and 51 low type fractures, and 20 cases of combined ulnar nerve injury and 115 cases of obvious rotation of the distal fracture fragment. The one-way ANOVA showed statistically significant differences between the reduction failure group and the reduction success group in terms of age, obvious rotation of the distal fracture fragment, and ulnar nerve injury ( P<0.05), but no significant differences in fracture height, body mass index, ulnar-radial offset direction, or time from injury to operation ( P>0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that obvious rotation of the distal fracture fragment ( OR=3.287, 95% CI: 1.136 to 9.513, P=0.028) and combined ulnar nerve injury ( OR=6.439, 95% CI: 2.262 to 18.327, P=0.001) were risk factors for failure in closed reduction. Conclusion:As obvious rotation of the distal fracture fragment and combined ulnar nerve injury may be independent risk factors for failure in closed reduction of flexed supracondylar humerus fractures of Wilkins type Ⅲ in children, they should arouse more attention in the treatment of such fractures.

In this study, based on the transcriptome data, we cloned the full-length cDNAs of TwAACT gene from Tripterygium wilfordii suspension cells, and then analyzed the bioinformation of the sequence, detected the genetic differential expression after being induced by methyl jasmonate (MeJA) by RT-PCR. The full-length cDNA of the TwAACT was 1 704 bp containing a 1 218 bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding a polypeptide of 405 amino acids (GeneBank accession No. KP297934). The deduced isoelectric point (pI) was 6.10, a calculated molecular weight was about 41.20 kDa, and online prediction showed that TwAACT had two catalytic active sites. After the induction of MeJA, the relative expression level of TwAACT increased rapidly. The expression level of TwAACT was highest at 24 h. TwAACT was cloned firstly, that laid the foundation for identifying thegene and illustrating thebiosynthesis mechanism and its synthetic biology.
Acetyl-CoA C-Acetyltransferase ; chemistry ; genetics ; metabolism ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Plant Proteins ; chemistry ; genetics ; metabolism ; Sequence Alignment ; Tripterygium ; chemistry ; classification ; enzymology ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the erectile and ejaculatory function of sacral tumor patients after sacral nerve root resection and investigate the relationship of erectile and ejaculatory dysfunction (EED) with the level of sacral nerve injury.

METHODSThis retrospective study included 47 male patients aged 16 to 63 (32.6 +/- 6.8) years treated by sacral tumor resection between January 2008 and August 2013. According to the levels of the sacral nerve roots spared in surgery, the patients were divided into four groups: bilateral S1-S3 (n=16), unilateral S1-S3 (n=21), unilateral S1-S2 (n=6), and unilateral S1 (n=4). The patients were followed up for 12 to 41 (27.2 +/- 10.9) months by questionnaire investigation, clinic review, and telephone calls about their erectile and ejaculatory function at 3, 6 and 12 months after surgery and in August 2013.

RESULTSIn the bilateral S1-S3 group, the incidence rates of EED were 31.25% (5/16), 25% (4/16), and 12.5% (2/16) at 3, 6, and 12 months respectively after surgery, with recovery of erectile and ejaculatory function in August 2013. The incidence rates of EED in the unilateral S1-S3 group were 85.71% (18/21), 71.43% (15/21), 52.38% (11/21), and 42.86% (9/21) at 3, 6 and 12 months and in August 2013, respectively; those in the unilateral S1-S2 group were 100% (6/6), 83.33% (5/6), 83.33% (5/6), and 66.67% (4/6) at the four time points; and those in the unilateral S1 group were all 100% (4/4). No statistically significant differences were found in the incidence rate of EED among the patients of different ages or tumor types (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe incidence of postoperative EED in male patients treated by sacral tumor resection is closely related to the mode of operation. Sparing the S3 nerve root at least unilaterally in sacral tumor resection is essential for protecting the erectile and ejaculatory function of the patient.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Ejaculation ; physiology ; Erectile Dysfunction ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Organ Sparing Treatments ; Peripheral Nervous System Neoplasms ; surgery ; Postoperative Complications ; epidemiology ; Postoperative Period ; Retrospective Studies ; Sacrum ; Spinal Nerve Roots ; injuries ; surgery ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE Alcohol is mainly metabolized through liver and excreted by kidney in the body. Kidney damage has been considered as the secondary to liver injury and kidney dysfunction is common in hospitalized patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis. Both acute and chronic alcoholism accumulation can compromise kidney function, although alcoholic kidney disease has drawn much more attention recently,the methodology for establishing the in vivo and in vitro alcoholic renal fibrosis models are still lacking,and the underlying mechanisms are to be determined. METHODS and RESULTS Mice were feed with a liquid diet containing alcohol for 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks respectively, results of Masson′s Trichrome staining showed that kidney fibrosis peaked in 8-week model group, which consistent with the results of albumin assay,Western blot,immunostaining and real-time PCR of collagen I and α-SMA.In vitro study also confirmed that ethanol upregulated the level of fibrotic index-es,including collagen I and α-SMA,in tubular epithelial cells(HK2 cells).Additionally,both in vivo and in vitro studies showed that Smad7 was decreased and Smad3 was highly activated. Then we further detected the underlying mechanisms by which alcohol induced the imbalance of Smad7 and Smad3. Results of Genome-wide methylation sequencing found DNA methylation of Smad7 in the alcoholic fibrosis kidney,which may be mainly mediated by DNA methyltransferase 1(DNMT1),because knock-down of DNMT1,but not DNMT2 and 3,largely restored Smad7 level in ethanol-treated HK2 cells.Con-sequently, we found that NADPH Oxidases (nox)-mediated oxidative stress is the major force upregu-lating DNMT1,since knockdown of Nox2 and 4 could both decrease DNMT1 while rebalancing Smad7/Smad3 axis, and thereby relieved ethanol-induced fibrotic response in HK2 cells. More importantly, intraperitoneal injection of apocynin,an inhibitor of NADPH oxidoreductase,attenuated renal fibrosis in alcoholic kidney fibrosis mouse model. CONCLUSION By establishing the novel in vivo and in vitro models,we found that through activating oxidative stress-induced DNA methylation of Smad7,alcohol induces renal fibrosis by breaking the balance between Smad7 and Smad3.Elimination of Nox-mediated oxidative stress may be a potential therapy for treatment of long-term alcohol abuse-induced kidney fibrosis.

Objective To describe the trend of maternal mortality in China from 2005 to 2015, and analyze the maternal health status in various regions of China in 2015, so as to provide scientific basis for the rational allocation of health resources by relevant departments. Methods The dynamic series method was used to describe the trend of maternal mortality in China from 2005 to 2015. The principal component analysis method was used to evaluate the maternal health status in China in 2015. Results From 2005 to 2015, the maternal mortality in the whole country and urban and rural areas showed a downward trend. The average growth rate was respectively -0.0756, -0.0210, -0.0852. The majority of the coastal provinces and cities had a balanced development of maternal health care, and Jiangsu Province had two main component values ranked first (F1=218.3, F2=60.6). Conclusion China’s maternal health care industry have achieved remarkable results. The development direction should be shifted from coastal to inland, laying a good foundation for the realization of the next goal in the future.

Abstract: Objective To evaluate the key quality control and protective performance test of Halcyon medical linear accelerator. Methods WS 674-2020Specification for Testing of Quality Control in Medical Linear Accelerator（ According to the hereinafter WS 674-2020） ， referred to and the manufacturer´s manual the performance of the first Halcyon medical linear accelerator in Results ， ， Hunan Province was tested. The results showed that all ten indicators of the accelerator including dose deviation ， ， （ ， ， ， - repeatability linearity daily stability and symmetry the results were 0.10% 0.03% 0.04% 0.50% and 100.50% 100.80% ）， - - respectively met the requirements of WS 674 2020. The results of manufacturer quality control indicators such as dose rate ， ， stability in beam gantry rotation isocenter and mechanical position accuracy megavolt image parameters and cone beam computer tomography image parameters met the requirements of the manufacturer´s regulations. Due to the special structure and ， - ： function of the accelerator it is difficult to detect the parameter required by WS 674 2020 as below the radiation leakage - ， ， ， ， outside the M zone the uniformity the indicators related to the light field the offset of the radiation beam axis the zero scale Conclusion - position of the rotating motion scale and others. It is difficult to carry out complete testing according to WS 6742020 for Halcyon medical linear accelerator and it is urgent for the state to issue relevant testing standards to standardize and strengthen the quality control testing of various accelerators.