By collecting literatures on apoplexy recorded in"Database of Basic TCM disease"from 2001 to 2005,we statistically analyzed changes on volume of documents,major authors,major journals,and contents of study in these literatures.

Objective To study the effect of estrogen on cardiac injury and cardiomyocyte apoptosis of rat induced by isoprotere-nol by modeling cardiac inj ury induced by bilateral ovariectomized (OVX)and isoproterenol (ISO).Methods Fifty female SD rats with bilateral ovariectomy and sham operation (Sham)were randomly divided into 5 groups:sham operation group (Sham group), bilateral ovariectomy group (OVX group),cardiac injury group (OVX+ISO+Vehi group),low dose estrogen treatment group (OVX+ISO+E2 a group,4μg·kg-1 ·d-1 ),high dose estrogen treatment group (OVX+ISO+E2 b group,40μg·kg-1 ·d-1 ). these status were separately measured:rats′general features,hemodynamics parameters monitored of carotid artery,morphological observation and cardiomyocyte contraction change of single-cardiomyocyte separate cultured,cardiomyocyte apoptosis protein ex-pression were detected by immunoblotting.Results ISO significantly reduced myocardial pump function,increased hypertrophy and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes,reduced contractility of single cardiomyocytes (P<0.05).High-dose estrogen (40μg·kg-1 ·d-1 ) replacement therapy significantly improved ISO induced cardio inj ury and cardio functions decreasing,also inhibited Bax expression and caspas-3 activation and decreased myocardial hypertrophy and cardiomyocytes apoptosis through increasing Bcl-2 expression (P<0.05),significantly.while low dose estrogen (4μg·kg-1 ·d-1 )treatment showed marginally protection effects on ISO in-duced cardio inj ury with no statisticly significance.Conclusion Appropriate dose estrogen replacement therapy can decrease cardio-myocyte apoptosis,improve cardiomyocytes contractility,so as to protect ISO-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis.

AIM:To evaluate the clinical effects of femto-LASIK using new Ziemer LDV Z6 femtosecond laser machine (Z6).
METHODS: Two - hundred cases ( 400 eyes ) was randomly separated into two groups: Group A included 200 eyes which corneal flaps were made by Z6, and Group B included rest of 200 eyes which corneal flaps were examined by a traditional Ziemer LDV CrystalLine femtosecond laser machine (CrystalLine). Visual acuity, slit lamp, refraction, Sim-K average, intraocular pressure (IOP), non-invasive tear break-up time (NIAvg-BUT), operation difficulty and complications were compared between two groups preoperatively and postoperatively.RESULTS:There was no significant differences between two groups in visual acuity, refraction, Sim-K average, IOP and NIAvg - BUT either preoperatively or 6mo postoperatively (P>0. 05). Although there were significant differences in operation difficulty and complications were found between two groups ( P< 0. 05 ), there was no serious complication in any group. Furthermore, a clear demarcation line could be observed in the cornea of Group A postoperatively.
CONCLUSION:More careful and strict requirements are needed when using the new Z6 femtosecond laser for corneal flaps.

Objective To explore the mechanism of HMGB1 and TLR4 in pancreatic tissue of rats with severe acute pancreatitis and the intervention effect of Ulinastatin .Methods The 54 SD rats were completely random divided into control group ,SAP group and Ulinastatin treatment group ,and each group was divided into three groups :6 ,12 h and 24 h groups (each group n=6) .In con‐trol group ,we turned the pancreatic tissue ,in SAP group ,the SAP model was made with 5% taurocholic acid ;and in the treatment group ,and intravenous injection of ulinastatin was conducted after the SAP model was successfully made .Then we observed the pancreatic tissue pathology in the three groups .The amylase in serum was detected by EPS‐G7 assay ,the HMGB1 in serum and pancreatic tissue was detected by ELISA assay ,the expression levels of HMGB1 and TLR4 in pancreatic tissue were detected by Envision two‐step immunoassay .Results Compared with control group ,the amylase of each time point in SAP group and treatment group were significantly higher ,and the pathology changed obviously (P<0 .05) ,and the SAP model was successfully made .The HMGB1 expression in pancreatic tissue and serum started increase at 6 h ,increased quickly at 12 h and maintained the increasing trend to 24 h in SAP group and it was significantly higher at the same time point compared with that of control group (P<0 .05);at the same time point ,the HMGB1 in treatment group was significantly lower than that of SAP group (P<0 .05);in SAP group , the expression of TLR4 in pancreatic tissue started increasing at 6 h ,reached its peak at 12 h and started decreasing at 24 h ,it was significantly higher than the control group at the same time point (P<0 .05) .At the same time point ,the TLR4 was significantly lower in the treatment group than SAP group (P<0 .05) .Conclusion The proinflammatory effect of HMGB1 in SAP rats pancre‐atic could be partly combine its receptor TLR4 and MyD88‐dependent pathway through implementation ,and the protecting mecha‐nism of Ulinastatin could be interrupt the HMGB1 and TLR4 signaling pathway in SAP rats pancreatic tissue .

Objective To investigate the signal transduction pathway mechanisms of rats with liver fibrosis regulated by leptin and interfering effects of mistletoe alkali .Methods The hepatic fibrosis in rats model was established by injecting carbon tetrachloride .Forty-five SD rats were randomly divided into normal group ,model group and therapeutic group.All rats except rats in normal group were intraperitoneally injected with 40%carbon tetrachloride in peanut oil with a dose of 2.0 mL/100g according to the body weight twice a week for 8 weeks.Then, the therapeutic group was given mistletoe alkali (8g/(kg· d)) for 8 weeks via gastrogavage.Rats in normal and model group were served with distilled water at the same time.At the end of the 16th week, blood and tissue specimens were taken from all the rats .The influence of mistletoe alkali on liver morphology in liver fibrosis rat model was reviewed by HE and Masson staining .The effects of mistletoe alkali on the expression of Leptin and its receptor ( OB-Rb ) in HSC in fibrosis rat model were determined by immunohistochemistry (IH).The expression of JAK2, STAT3 and the activity of phospho -JAK2, phospho-STAT3 were detected by Western blotting analysis .Results The degree of fibrosis of the model group was more severe than the normal group and the treatment group , which suggested that mistletoe alkali can reverse liver fibrosis in rats . Immunohistochemical staining showed that mistletoe alkali reduced the hepatic expression of leptin and OB -Rb in rats with liver fibrosis in comparison with their expression in the model group .Compared with the normal group , the expression of JAK2 and STAT3 increased in the model group .However, the expression of JAK2 and STAT3 decreased in the medication groups compared with the model group .Conclusion Mistletoe alkali can effectively ameliorate liver fibrosis in rats possibly through inhibiting hepatic leptin and its receptor expressions , which through inhibiting hepatic leptin and its receptor expressions , thus inhibit the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway .

Objective To study the long-term results of using an autologous vascularized pedicled flap of gastric tissues in the repair of traumatic bile duct strictures.Methods From 2002 to 2016,38 patients with traumatic bile duct strictures underwent repair using an autologous vascularized pedicled flap of stomach tissues.The postoperative morbidity,mortality,long-term clinical results,liver function and the rate of biliary stricture recurrence were studied.Results The overall complication rate was 18.4％ (7/38).A delay in healing of the incision wound occurred in 4 patients,biliary fistula in 2,and ascites in 1.Two patients died of malignant tumor.The median follow-up was 92 (61 ～ 107) months and the follow-up rate was 100％.Excellent results were obtained in 97.2％ (35/36) of patients.Abnormal liver function was detected in 1 patient which improved with treatment using choleretic drugs.The remaining 35 patients had normal liver functions with absence of abdominal pain.Conclusions To repair traumatic bile duct strictures using an autologous vascularized pedicled flap of stomach tissues was safe and reliable,and good long-term outcomes are available.

To the cataract patient after corneal refractive surgery, if the intraocular lens power was determined by conventional formulas, different refractive errors may be produced after intraocular lens implantation.This inaccuracy of the lens power mainly came from 2 aspects-errors of corneal refractive power measurement and errors of formulas.Besides, imprecise of ocular axial length measurement and invalid lens position calculation also contributed to the inaccuracy of lens power.Therefore, in order to reduce refractive errors of cataractous surgery in patient underwent refractive surgery, appropriate method should be used to estimate the refractive power of corneal, and proper formula should be selected to calculate intraocular lens power.

Objective To investigate the effects of pretreatment with remifentanil on hemorrhagic shock (HS)-induced acute liver injury in rabbits.Methods Thirty-two New Zealand white rabbits,weighing 2.0-2.5 kg,were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=8 each): sham operation group (group S) ; group HS,low-dose remifentanil group (group RL) ; high-dose remifentanil group (group RH).Remifentanil was infused at 0.66 and 1.32 μg· kg-1 · min-1 for 145 min in groups RL and RH respectively,while the equal volume of normal saline was infused in group C.HS was induced by withdrawing blood from the left femoral artery at 15 min after continuous infusion of normal saline or remifentanil and mean arterial pressure (MAP) was reduced to 40 mm Hg.MAP was reduced to 35-45 mm Hg and maintained at this level for 120 min in groups HS,RL and RH.Blood samples were taken for determination of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities before administration (T0),immediately before blood letting (T1),and at 10,30,60 and 90 min after blood letting (T3-6).The animals were then sacrificed and the livers were immediately removed for microscopic examination.Results Compared with group S,the serum ALT activity at T5 and T6 and serum AST activity at T4-T6 were significantly increased in the other three groups (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group HS,the serum ALT activity at T5 and T6,and serum AST activity at T4-T6 were significantly decreased in group RH,and no significant change was found in group RL (P ＞ 0.05).Compared with group RL,the serum ALT activity at T5 and T6,and serum AST activity at T4-T6 were significantly decreased in group RH (P ＜ 0.05).The serum ALT activity at T5 and T6 and serum AST activity at T4-T6 were significantly increased in groups HS,R and RH than those at T0 (P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01).The patho1ogical injury was attenuated in group RH compared with groups HS and RL.Conclusion Remifentanil pretreatment can attenuate HS-induced acute liver injury in rabbits,and the effect is related to the dose.

Objective To detect the antibodies against recombinant chlamydial plasmid-encoded protein 3(rPgp3),chlamydial protease-like activity factor(rCPAF),Ct143 encoded protein(rCT143), Ct101 encoded protein(rCT101),Ct694 encoded protein(rCT694),Ct813 encoded protein(rCT813), Chlamydia membrane protein A(rIncA),Ct875 encoded protein(rCT875),major outer membrane protein (rMOMP)and heat shock protein 60( rHsp60)in serum samples collected form patients with urogenital Chlamydia trachomatis(Ct)infection and to evaluate the antigenicity of those proteins. Methods The re-combinant plasmids expressing the 10 proteins and a blank plasmid were transformed into E. coli BL21 strains,respectively. The transformed E. coli BL21 strains were induced by isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyr-anoside(IPTG)to express recombinant proteins. The glutathione pre-coated 96-well ELISA plates were coa-ted with lysates. Serum samples were collected from 50 patients with Ct infection and 10 patients without Ct infection. ELISA was performed to detect the antibodies against 10 recombinant proteins. Results The anti-bodies against rPgp3,rCPAF,rCT143,rCT101,rCT694,rCT875,rCT813,rMOMP,rIncA and rHsp60 proteins were respectively detected in 44 cases(88% ),38 cases(76% ),37 cases(74% ),36 cases (72% ),33 cases(66% ),31 cases(62% ),30 cases(60% ),26 cases(52% ),24 cases(48% )and 17 cases(34% )out of 50 serum samples. No antibodies against 10 recombinant proteins were detected in the serum samples collected from patients without Ct infection. Conclusion The rPgp3 protein showed the strongest antigenicity among all of the studied proteins,followed by rCPAF and rCT143 proteins. The rHsp60 protein showed the lowest antigenicity.

Objective To explore the value of dynamic monitoring of the neutrophils/lymphocyte ratio ( NLR ) in peripheral blood for the prognosis of patients with bloodstream infection ( BSI ). Methods A retrospective study was conducted. 205 patients who were≥18 years old, their length of hospital stay>24 hours, and they were treated in the China-Japanese Friendship Hospital from January 2013 to October 2014 were enrolled. According to the 28-day survival, the patients were divided into survival group ( n=160 ) and death group ( n=45 ). The white blood cell ( WBC ), neutrophils count ( NEU ), neutrophils ratio ( Neut%), lymphocyte count ( LYM ), lymphocyte ratio ( Lym%), and NLR in peripheral blood were recorded at 1, 3, 7 days after admission. Receiver-operating characteristic curve ( ROC ) was plotted for evaluating the value of these factors on the 28-day prognosis, and logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the risk factors for predicting the outcome. Results ①On the 1st day, WBC, NEU, Neut%, NLR, and procalcitonin ( PCT ) in the death group were significantly higher than those in the survival group [ WBC (×109/L ):15.28±8.23 vs. 11.58±6.55, NEU (×109/L ):13.34±7.53 vs. 10.03±5.31, Neut%:0.886±0.076 vs. 0.845±0.102, NLR:21.20 ( 13.10, 28.80 ) vs. 12.08 ( 6.81, 20.47 ), PCT (μg/L ):3.13 ( 0.85, 10.12 ) vs. 1.34 ( 0.36, 5.81 ), P<0.05 or P<0.01 ], while hemoglobin ( Hb ), platelet count ( PLT ), albumin ( ALB ) content were significantly lower than those of the survival group [ Hb ( g/L ):86.09±19.83 vs. 107.89±22.82, PLT (×109/L ):157.51±117.81 vs. 195.44±97.28, ALB ( g/L ):24.11±6.94 vs. 31.99±6.89, P<0.05 or P<0.01 ]. On the 3rd day and 7th day, WBC, NEU and NLR in the death group were significantly higher than those of the survival group [ WBC (×109/L ):16.61±10.25 vs. 8.91±4.93, 16.05±9.46 vs. 8.79±4.45; NEU (×109/L ): 14.15±9.98 vs. 6.97±4.64, 14.36±9.03 vs. 6.59±4.07; NLR: 24.13 ( 8.49, 38.26 ) vs. 5.52 ( 3.58, 8.87 ), 17.74 ( 10.74, 32.85 ) vs. 4.35 ( 2.78, 7.27 ), all P<0.01 ], and the LYM and Lym%were significantly lower than those in the survival group [ LYM (×109/L ):0.61 ( 0.38, 1.04 ) vs. 1.05 ( 0.78, 1.43 ), 0.69 ( 0.35, 0.92 ) vs. 1.37 ( 0.93, 1.76 );Lym%:0.039 ( 0.024, 0.101 ) vs. 0.135 ( 0.094, 0.186 ), 0.056 ( 0.033, 0.082 ) vs. 0.170 ( 0.108, 0.237 ), all P<0.01 ].②It was shown by ROC curve that the maximum area under the ROC curve ( AUC ) of WBC, NEU, Neut%, LYM, Lym%, and NLR about prognosis of BSI were observed on 7 days ( 0.777, 0.819, 0.905, 0.755, 0.880, 0.887 ). Based on Neut%>0.855 on the 7th day as a predictor of cut-off value of death in 28 days, the sensitivity was 78.8%, specificity 89.1%, respectively. When Lym%<0.088 on the 7th day as a predictor of cut-off value of death on 28 days, the sensitivity was 89.5%, and specificity was 83.9%. When NLR>10.34 on the 7th day as a predictor of cut-off value of death in 28 days, the sensitivity was 81.8%, and specificity was 91.0%.③Survival analysis showed that the 28-day survival rate in the patients with 7-day NLR<10.34 was significantly higher than that in those with 7-day NLR>10.34 ( 95.0%vs. 34.1%,χ2=82.650, P=0.000 ).④It was shown by multi-factor logistic regression analysis that the levels of 1-day Hb and 7-day NLR were the independent prognostic predictors of 28-day mortality [ Hb: odds ratio ( OR ) = 0.946, 95% confidence interval ( 95%CI ) = 0.913-0.981, P = 0.003; 7-day NLR:OR=34.941, 95%CI=8.728-139.884, P=0.000 ]. Conclusions The trend of changes in NEU, LYM and NLR as shown by repeated routine blood examinations contributes to prediction of the outcome of patients with BSI. The levels of 1-day Hb and 7-day NLR are the independent prognostic predictors for 28-day mortality.