Assessment of left ventricular function is an important part of the function of whole cardiac.Two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging technology can track single pixel and get its trajectory,thus we can fully knowledge the function of left ventricular.At present,a large number of clinical studies have confirmed the significance of two-speckle tracking imaging in the evaluation of left ventricular function,and the details were reviewed in this article.

Objective To sum up the experience of diagnosis and treatment of paraduodenal hernia. Methods The clinical data of 18 cases of paraduodenal hernia treated by surgery were analyzed retrospectively. Results The average age of the patients was 34 years old.There were 15 cases with left paraduodenal hernia and 3 cases with right paraduodenal hernia.Ten patients usually had no clinical symptoms,while acute abdominal pain occurred after full food in 7 cases,and after vigorous movement in 10 cases respectively.Abdominal X-ray revealed complete or incomplete intestinal obstruction in 16 cases,while abdominal CT revealed abnormal cystic loops of small intestine between the pancreas and the stomach in 10 cases.All 18 cases underwent surgical operation,recovered 10-15 days after operation.After 2-8 years follow-up,there was no hernia recurrence.Conclusion Paraduodenal her-nia is difficult to diagnosis before operation,and the key to correct diagnosis and treatment is to explore the positive exploratory laparotomy.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of low dose of dexamethasone on the blood glucose concentration in patients undergoing craniotomy. Methods20 consecutive patients undergoing craniotomy without a preexisting metabolic disorder were prospectively randomized into 1 of 2 groups: Dexamethasone (group D, n=10) and Normal Saline (group S, n=10), who were given dexamethasone 10 mg intravenous bolus or a saline placebo preoperatively. Arterial glucose concentrations were measured immediately before and after treatment and hourly for 5 hours intraoperatively. ResultsThe arterial glucose concentration in group D increased significantly(F=3.133,P<0.05), while those in group S keep stable. Compared with group S, arterial glucose concentration in group D increased significantly 180 min after dosing(P<0.01). ConclusionIf dexamethasone is used during craniotomy, perioperative blood glucose level should be carefully monitored and controled.

This study was aimed to investigate Baishile Capsule on behavior, memory and expression of SYN I and SYNA in hippocampal CA3 region of depression model rats. SD rats were randomly divided into six groups, which were the control group, depression model group, fluoxetine hydrochloride group, and the Baishile Capsule group (2.88 g·kg-1, 1.44 g·kg-1, 0.72 g·kg-1). The chronic stress depression model rats were established by chronic and mild unpredictable stressors as described in the literature. In the model group, medicine was intragastricly administered once per day and continued for 21 days. In the control group and model group, same volume of distilled water was intragastricly administered. The open-field test, preference for 1% sucrose solution, Morris water maze, and rate of weight were carried out and observed. Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization were used in the observation of the expression of SYN I and SYNA in each group of model rats. The results showed that high-dosage Baishile Capsule can significantly increase the horizontal and vertical activities of score after two-week treatment (P< 0.01). The middle-dosage Baishile Capsule can significantly increase the horizontal activity of score after three-week treatment (P< 0.05). The rat's preference for sucrose solution was obviously increased in the high-dosage group after one-week treatment and in the middle-dosage group after three-week treatment (P< 0.01, or P< 0.05). The rate of weight of rats was obviously increased in the high-dosage group after two-week treatment and in the middle-dosage group after three-week treatment (P< 0.01, or P< 0.05). The high-dosage and middle-dosage Baishile Capsule can shorten EL, and significantly increase the number of target quadrant. The high-dosage Baishile Capsule can obviously shorten the target quadrant latency (P< 0.05). Compared with the model group, the immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization showed high-dosage Baishile can significantly promote the expression of SYN I and SYNA in hippocampal CA3 region; and the middle-dosage group can enhance the expression of SYNA (P < 0.05, or P <0.01). It was concluded that Baishile Capsule can obviously improve the behavior and the expression of SYN I and SYNA in hippocampal CA3 region of depression model rats.

AIM: To confirm that the inflammation response after mechanical arterial injury correlates with the neointimal hyperplasia in animal model. METHODS: Male Wistar rats underwent left common carotid balloon angioplasty were injected twice with a bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 50 ng/rat) before and after surgery. Next, just after neointima formation, the animals were sacrificed for the evaluation by morphometric analysis, histological observation and immunostaining. Western blot was used to investigate the protein expression of several known mediators of apoptosis. RESULTS: Serum interleukin-1 beta levels as a marker of inflammation were increased after LPS treated. Early neotimal lesions were characterized by intimal thickening and the presence of SMCs. Neointima with smooth muscle alpha-actin negative were observed at 7 days after injured. These areas of neointima demonstrated a relatively high proliferation index by proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) antibody staining, whereas the proliferation index in media was low. Neointimal thickness was significantly increased at 4 weeks after injury in LPS treated animals compared with controls, from (151.2?14.5 to 173.9?15.3) ?m2. Activation of caspase-3 was observed, indicating that smooth muscle cells of neointima was associated with apoptosis. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed NF-?B expression located to the adventitia. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that nonspecific stimulation of low-level LPS facilitates neointimal formation and may be an important factor in the restenosis of angioplasty.

The zinc finger protein A20 exists in many kinds of ceils in the body and plays multiple roles in physiological and pathological processes such as regulation of immune response,inflammatory diseases and cancers by inhibiting cell apoptosis induced by tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and restricting NFKB signaling pathway.Recently,the role of A20 in generation and development of tumors draws wide attention,hence,we summarized recent research progress of the relation between A20 and cancer in this review.

Objective To explore the relationship between cholelithiasis and the function of sphincter of Oddi (SO). Methods To identify the existence of calculi, choledochoscopy was performed in patients 6 weeks after exploration of the common bile duct (CBD) and T tube drainage, in which 71 were patients with stones in gall bladder, CBD or intra-hepatic bile duct, and 9 with trauma of pancreas or liver.Biliary manometry was performed after choledochoscopy, and an additional manometry was applied after calculus removal if calculi were detected. The indices measured included SO basal pressure ( SOBP), amplitude of SO contractions (SOCA), frequency of SO contractions (SOF) and CBD pressure (CBDP). The patients with cholelithiasis were classified into cholecystolithiasis group, choledocholithiasis group, and hepatolithiasis group according to the position of calculi. Patients with trauma were assigned as the control group.Results All variables in 50 patients with choledocholithiasis were similar before and after the procedure.The variables in patients with cholecystolithiasis and choledocholithiasis had no difference from those of the control (P ＞ 0. 05 ). The SOBP and SOCA of patients in hepatolithiasis group were lower than those of the control group ( P ＜ 0. 05 ), while no difference in SOF was detected (P ＞ 0. 05 ). Conclusion The function of SO in patients with hepatolithiasis is abnormal ( decrease in SOBP and SOCA). Biliary manometry cannot be the reliable evidence for the existence of calculi in bile duct.

OBJECTIVE:To study the improvement effects of baicalein against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion(I/R)injury in rats. METHODS:I/R injury model was induced by Langendorff method. Isolated heart of 40 rats were randomly divided into nor-mal group(continuous perfusion),model group(perfusion withdrawal 20 min)and baicalein high,medium and low concentration groups (K-H solution of baicalein 40,10 and 2.5 μmol/ml 10 min before perfusion withdrawal). The myocardial infarction rate, the activity of creatine kinase(CK)and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)in coronary effluent liquid,SOD activity and MDA content, GSH/GSSG and apoptosis rate of cardiac muscle cell in myocardial tissue were detected. RESULTS:Compared with normal group, the myocardial infarction rate,apoptosis rate of cardiac muscle cell,the activities of CK and LDH and the content of MDA in myo-cardial tissue were increased in model group,while SOD activity and GSH/GSSG of myocardial tissue decreased(P<0.01). Com-pared with model group,the isolated myocardial infarction rate and the activities of CK and LDH in baicalein low and medium con-centration groups decreased,while SOD activity increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01);apoptosis rate of cardiac muscle cell and the con-tent MDA of myocardial tissue decreased significantly in medium concentration group,while GSH/GSSG increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01);those indicators had no significant change in high concentration group(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Baicalein has cer-tain improvement effect on myocardial I/R injury in rats,and its mechanism may be associated with antioxidant and anti-apoptosis effect of baicalein.

Objective To explore method of early diagnosis and treatment of adult patients with cerebral ischemic stroke after cardiovascular surgery.Methods The chnical data of 24 adult patients with cerebral ischemic stroke after cardiovascular surgery were retrospectively analyzed.Firstly,CT or MRI should be accomplished to determine the type of cerebral ischemic stroke as soon as patients' condition of circulation and respiration were stable.Secondly,the vital signs should be monitored closely,and the consciousness,pupil,respiratory and hmbs activity of the patients were observed.Thirdly,the patients' temperature of head should be reduced and be given dehydration,anticoagulation,cholesterol-lowering medication,brain nutrition drugs,beta receptor blockers and other drugs.Overall,the balance of fluid,electrolytes and acid-base were maintained in the course of treatment.Results Among the 24 patients,male was 66.7％ (16/24).Early cerebral ischemic stroke occurred in 6 cases,delayed cerebral ischemic stroke occurred in 18 cases.Cerebral ischemic stroke happened in 12 patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting surgery,8 patients after cardiac valve replacement surgery,2 cases after artery dissection surgery and 2 patients after other surgery.Two cases were death during hospital stay,the mortality was 8.3％ (2/24).Conclusion Adult patients with clinical manifestation of cerebral ischemic stroke after cardiovascular surgery should be diagnosed early as soon as possible,the treatment key of cerebral ischemic stroke is strict monitoring and comprehensive treatment.