Objective:To study B cells proliferation and activation induced by tumor derived-autophagosomes ( TDA). Methods:Splenocytes of mice were incubated with 10μg/ml TDAs in vitro ( with the 10μg/ml whole cell lysate as the control).At the 3rd day,the expression of MHCⅠ,Ⅱand co-stimulate molecules including CD86,CD40 were detected by flow cytometry,and B cells proliferation was detected at the 5th day.B cells were selected from spleen of mice using anti-CD43 dynabeads,and incubated with 10μg/ml TDA in vitro ( with the same concentrated whole tumor cell lysate as the control).At the 7th day,IgM in the supernatant were tested by ELISA.Results:When compared with whole cell lysate stimulated B cells,TDA efficently stimulated B cells division in vitro ( TDA group:28.6%, Whole cell lysate group:4.4%) , and significantly up-regulated the expression of MHC class Ⅰ,Ⅱ and co-stimulatory molecules (CD86 and CD40) on B cells,and enhanced the levels of total IgM secretion in vitro.Conclusion:Tumor-derived autophagosomes ( TDA) ,as a vacuole antigen vector, could stimulate B cells proliferation, activation, and increased IgM secretion in vitro.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the relative bioavailability of two products(CLMC 1 ,CLMC 2 )of Clarithromycin in man.METHODS:A single oral500mg dose of CLMC 1 or CLMC 2 was given to20healthy male volunteers in an open randomized crossover study.The plasma concentrations of CLMC 1 and CLMC 2 were measured by microbial assay.The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated with3p97pharmacokinetic program and the bioequivalence was evaluated.RESULTS:The con?centration-time curves of CLMC 1 and CLMC 2 fitted to a two-compartent open model.C max were(2.23?0.83)?g/ml and(2.14?0.70)?g/ml;T max were(1.95?0.39)h,(1.78?0.41)h;AUC (0～T) were(9.50?2.52)(?g?h)/ml,(9.35?2.54)(?g?h)/ml respectively.The relative bioavailability of CLMC 1 was(101.60?9.35)%.CONCLUSION:The results of two and one-side t tests suggest that the CLMC 1 is bioequivalent with the CLMC 2 .

Purpose To measure the nuclear morphological parameters of breast cancer to study the relationship between nuclear mor-phological parameters and ER, PR, HER-2 expression, and clinicopathologic features of breast carcinoma. Methods 388 cases of breast cancer specimens were collected and molecular classification was made according to ER, PR and HER-2 expression. the nucleus parameters were measured by image analysis software after HE staining. The difference among groups was statistically analysed, and follow-up was done by phone or by hospitalization. Results Among the 4 groups of breast cancer case, the differences of circle diame-ter, area and perimeter edges of the nucleus were statistically significant (P<0.05). Nuclear morphometric quantitation between ER+/PR+ patients and ER-/PR- patients was statistically significantly differentice (P<0.05). The majority of patients with ER-/PR- were histological gradeⅢand poor survival rate (P<0.05). The disease-free survival in Luminal A type was higher than that of Basal-like type (P<0.05), and its overall survival was higher than HER-2 over-expression (P<0. 05) and Basal-like type (P<0.05) . Conclusion The nucleus morphological quantitation in breast cancer is of significant difference, which has certain reference value in its molecular typing. The result of ER, PR and HER-2 expression, combined with nuclear morphology measurement, are meaningful to the treatment and assessment of prognosis.

Extract of Ground Beetle was found to affect rat rheology. when given orally to rats for 10 consecutive days, it resulted in the lowering of packed corpuscular volume, high and low whole blood shear viscosity, RBC aggregation and rigidity indices and sedimentation rate,but the constant of SR equation was raised and without effect on Plasma viscosity and fibrinogen content. These results suggested that the effect of ground beetle extract is by way of its action on RBC

Objective: To observe the effect of ethanol extract of Crataegus Pinnatifida Bge. Var. major N. E. Br. from Hei-longjiang province on hemodynamics of acute myocardial ischemia caused by ligation and platelet aggregation induced by isoproterenol. Methods:After the model establishment of acute myocardial ischemia by ligation in rats, the systolic blood pressure ( SBP) ,diastolic blood pressure ( DBP ) , heart rate ( HR ) , left ventricular systolic pressure ( LVSP ) , left ventricular end-diastolic pressure ( LV-EDP) , left ventricular peak systolic ( +) and diastolic ( -) rate ( ± dp ·dt max-1 ) were recorded. Meanwhile, the acute myocar-dial ischemia model induced by isoproterenol was established. The platelet aggregation was measured by a platelet aggregation instru-ment. Results:The ethanol extract of Crataegus Pinnatifida Bge. Var. major N. E. Br. from Heilongjiang province could significantly increase the SBP, DBP, LVSP, +dp · dtmax-1 and HR, and reduce LVEDP,-dp·dtmax-1 in high dose group with statistical sig-nificance (P<0. 05). The medium dose group had small impact on the DBP, while showed statistically significant effect on the other hemodynamic indices. The low dose group had statistically significant effect on the SBP, LVSP and ± dp·dtmax-1 (P<0. 05), while showed no notable effects on the other indices. The results of aggregation rate in 1 min and 5 min after the determination and the maxi-mum one in the high and medium dose groups showed that the ethanol extract could significantly inhibit the platelet aggregation with sta-tistical significance (P<0. 05). Conclusion:The ethanol extract of Crataegus Pinnatifida Bge. Var. major N. E. Br. can improve the blood flow of acute myocardial ischemia in rats and reduce platelet aggregation after ischemia.

This paper aims to analyze the impact of splenic vein thrombosis (SVT) on the hemodynamic parameters in hepatic portal vein system. Based on computed tomography (CT) images of a patient with portal hypertension and commercial software MIMICS, the patient's portal venous system model was reconstructed. Color Doppler ultrasound method was used to measure the blood flow velocity in portal vein system and then the blood flow velocities were used as the inlet boundary conditions of simulation. By using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method, we simulated the changes of hemodynamic parameters in portal venous system with and without splenic vein thrombosis and analyzed the influence of physiological processes. The simulation results reproduced the blood flow process in portal venous system and the results showed that the splenic vein thrombosis caused serious impacts on hemodynamics. When blood flowed through the thrombosis, blood pressure reduced, flow velocity and wall shear stress increased. Flow resistance increased, blood flow velocity slowed down, the pressure gradient and wall shear stress distribution were more uniform in portal vein. The blood supply to liver decreased. Splenic vein thrombosis led to the possibility of forming new thrombosis in portal vein and surroundings.
Blood Flow Velocity ; Blood Pressure ; Computer Simulation ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Hypertension, Portal ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Portal Vein ; Splenic Vein ; pathology ; Thrombosis ; pathology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Dengue is the most wide-spread arthropod-borne viral disease of humans in the tropic and sub-tropic regions.In this study,genomic sequences of more than 3 000 dengue viruses available in the GenBank were aligned and analyzed by sero type.According to phylogenetic trees generated by the minimum evolution method of MEGA5.0,dengue viruses were divided into 4-6 genotypes within the four serotypes,respectively.Meanwhile,it was indicated that the distribution of most genotypes was associated with geographic origins of dengue viruses.Probable origins for most of the 39 strains from China with genomic sequences were deduced from relevant ancestral strains in the context of ME trees.These results revealed that the genotype distribution of dengue viruses was geographic origin-specific at genomic level,and that diverse introduction sources were attributed to dengue outbreaks in China.

Objective:To investigate the etiololgy and pathogenesis of cholesterol granuloma of the marillary sinus. Method:Five patients with cholesterol granuloma of the maxillary sinus were analysed retrospectively. Result: The cholesterol granuloma was a particular form of tissue reactions of granulation. The clinical symptoms of the disease was short of specificity. Conclusion; The pathogenesis of cholesterol granuloma includes hyperlipemia, obstruction of airfilled cavity ventilation and impaired drainage. The final diagnosis was based on pathologic examination. The treatment should begin with the intervention and treatment of hyperilpemia. Radical cure can be a-chieved by operation.

The application of cerebrovascular intervention brings the diagnosis and treatment of cerebrovascular disease into a brand-new domain. Many neurological physicians have become physicians of cerebrovascular intervention by training. In the big teaching hospitals carrying out cerebrovascular intervention, advanced physicians are the hard strength in the lot of cerebrovascular intervention. The training aiming at cerebrovascular intervention and comprehensive abilities affects both the training results and the therapeutic results of cerebrovascular intervention. Therefore, it is an important issue to explore how to consummate and standard the training methods of advanced physicians studying cerebrovascular intervention.