Objective To observe the effects of the Ossatron high-energy shock waves on bone nonunion and delayed union.Methods Between October 2004 and October 2005,18 patients with nonunion and four patients with delayed union were treated with high-energy extracorporeal shock wave therapy(Ossatron,HMT Co., Swiss).Facture lines were located with C-arm X-ray before treatment.Parameters of shock waves were decided according to fracture sites.Patients with unstable fixation received plaster or bracing for 6 to 8 weeks after treatment. After therapy,follow-up radiography was performed at 6 and 12 weeks and monthly afterwards until the fracture united. Results The mean follow-up was 6.7 months(range,3 to 12 months).There were no complications except local petechial hemorrhage and local swelling in 10 patients.Thirteen patients(59.1%)got bony union,including 12 patients(66.7% )with stable internal fixation,and the average healing time was 4.3 months(range,6 weeks to 6 months).Nine fractures(40.9%)still suffered nonunion.Conclusion High-energy shock waves are a good alternative therapy for nonunion and delayed union,with obvious advantages of being non-invasive and safe.

Adult ; Aged ; Electroacupuncture ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Muscular Atrophy ; therapy ; Spondylosis ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To determine if Shenfu injectio(SFI)has any analeptic action in patients emerging from general anesthesia.Methods Eighty-six ASAⅠorⅡadult patients undergoing elective abdominal surgery under general anesthesia were randomly divided into 2 groups(n=43 each):SFI group and control group.The patients were premedicated with intramuscular phenobarbital 0.1g and atropine 0.5mg.Anesthesia was induced with propofol 2 mg?kg~(-1),fentanyl 4-5?g?kg~(-1) and vecuronium 0.1 mg?kg~(-1) and maintained with propofol infusion(2-4 mg?kg~(-1)?h~(-1)),0.5%-1.0% isoflurane inhalation and intermittent i.v.boluses of fentanyl and vecuronium.The patients were intubated and mechanically ventilated.The propofol infusion and isoflurane inhalation were stopped during skin closure.The patients were still unconscious and on mechanical ventilation at the end of surgery and transferred to PACU with a tube in trachea.As soon as the patients reached the PACU,SFI 1 ml?kg~(-1) in Ringer's solution 100 ml was infused over 10 min.In control group the patients received Ringer's solution 100 ml without SFI.The following times were recorded:(1)the time when the patients opened their eyes on command;(2)the time when mechanical ventilation was stopped;(3)the time when oxygen inhalation was stopped;(4)the extubation time;(5)the time of staying in PACU.Venous blood samples were taken before(T_0) and 5,15 and 45 min(T_(1,2,3))after SFI infusion for determination of plasma?-endorphin concentration.Results The awakening time,the mechanical ventilation time,oxygen inhalation time,extubation time and duration of PACU stay were significantly shorter in SFI group than in control group.There were no significant differences in MAP and HR after SFI between the two groups.The plasma?-endorphin concentration was significantly higher in group SFI than in control group.Conclusion Shenfu injectio can make patients emerging from general anesthesia faster.

Objective To measure the effect of one-stage transplantation of reverse-flow vascular pedicle fibular grafts in treatment of infected nonunion of the distal tibia.Methods From January 2001 to December 2012,23 patients sustaining the infected nonunion of the distal tibia were transplanted with reverse-flow vascular pedicled fibular grafts in one-stage.There were 13 males and 10 females,aged 26 to 59 years (mean,38.7 years).Tibial nounion based on the Jain-Sinha classification was rated as Type A in 6 patients and Type B in 17 patients.After the operation,the patients received 2-3 weeks of intravenous antibiotic treatment and then 4-week oral antibiotic therapy.Wound healing,limb and ankle joint fucntion and outcomes in fibular transplantation were observed.Results Duration of follow-up was 16-46 months (mean,28.6 months).There were no exudates and ulcerations of the skins.Smooth healing was achieved in all the patients except that fibular fracture was noted in one patient healed after cast immobilization.Healing time ranged from 12 to 28 weeks (mean,15.6 weeks).Limb function evaluated with Ennecking system had (87 ± 11) ％ restoration.According the Olerud-Molander scoring system,ankle function was excellent in 16 patients and good in 7 patients,with the excellent-good rate of 100％.Conclusion One-stage reverse-flow vascular pedicle fibular grafting is an optional procedure for treatment of infected nonunion of the distal tibia,due to the technique is easy and effective.

Objective To observe the possible anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenesis effects of iguratimodon human synovial fibroblast cell line MH7A derived from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods MH7A cells were stimulated with interleukin (IL)-1β and treated simult aneously or sequenti-ally with different concentrations of iguratimod and methotrexate (MTX).Release of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), endostatin (ES) and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) was quantified by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The statistics software SPSS 13.0 was used for statistical analyses.The experimental data were analyzed in terms of variance analysis and LSD test.In all cases, a P value lower than 0.05 was considered significant.Results The concentrations of VEGF, ES and TNF-α of the control group were (57±98) pg/ml, (924±39) pg/ml, (16.40±6.08) pg/ml respectively, while those of the experimental group were (1 155±177) pg/ml, (295±35) pg/ml and (36.90±3.54) pg/ml respectively.The differences of VEGF (t=9.092, P＜0.01) and ES (t=19.685, P＜0.01) between the control group and the experimental group was statistically significant.There was significant difference in the levels of TNF-α between the two groups (t=2.495, P＜0.05).VEGF of the iguratimod groups was (640±127) pg/ml in the iguratimod group (100 μmol/L), (787±172) pg/ml in the iguratimod group (25 μmol/L), and (776±99) pg/ml in the iguratimod group (6.25 μmol/L).VEGF of the MTX groups was (1 322±264) pg/ml in the MTX group (100 μmol/L), (1 071±63) pg/ml in the MTX group (25 μmol/L), and (863±70) pg/ml in the MTX group (6.25 μmol/L).All concentration of the iguratimod groups could effectively reduce the expression of VEGF in MH7A cells.Compared with the experimental group, the difference was statistically significant (100 μmol/L group: t=4.264, P＜0.01;25 μmol/L group: t=3.045, P＜0.01;6.25 μmol/L group: t =3.132, P ＜0.01).MTX (6.25 μ mol/L) could reduce the expression of VEGF in MH7A cells.Compared with the experimental group, the difference was statistically significant (t=2.415,P＜0.05).ES of the iguratimod groups was (979±30) pg/ml in the iguratimod group (100 μmol/L), (842±14)pg/ml in the iguratimod group (25 μmol/L), and (485 ±72) pg/ml in the iguratimod group (6.25 μmol/L).ES of the MTX group was (934±23) pg/ml in the MTX (100 μmol/L) group, (825±28) pg/ml in the MTX group (25 μmol/L), and (772 ±44) pg/ml in the MTX group (6.25 μmol/L).Both iguratimod and MTX groups effectively increased the expression of ES in MH7A cells.Compared with the experimental group, the difference was statistically significant (100 μmol/L group: t=21.387, P＜0.01;25 μmol/L group: t=17.122,P＜0.01;6.25 μmol/L group: t=5.929, P＜0.01).The expression of ES of the iguratimod group (100 μmol/L)and iguratimod group(25 μmol/L) was higher than that of the iguratimod group (6.25 μmol/L).The difference was statistical significant(100 μmol/L group: 6.25 μmol/L group was t=15.458,P＜0.01;100 μmol/L group: 6.25 μ mol/L group was t=11.193, P＜0.01).The expression of ES of the iguratimod group(6.25 μmol/L) was lower than that of the MTX group (6.25 μmol/L).The difference was statistically significant (t=9.001, P＜0.01).TNF-α was (4.73 ±1.15) pg/ml in the iguratimod group (100 μmol/L), (4.40±2.65) pg/ml in the iguratimod group (25 μmol/L), and (4.40±0.10) pg/ml in the iguratimod group (6.25 μmol/L).TNF-α of the MTX groups were (4.40±3.61) pg/ml in the MTX group (100 μ mol/L), (13.40±16.46) pg/ml in the MTX group (25 μmol/L),and (21.73±16.50) pg/ml of the MTX group (6.25 μmol/L).Both the iguratimod groups and the MTX group (100 μmol/L) effectively reduced the expression of TNF-α in MH7A cells.Compared with the experimental group, the difference was statistically significant(100 μmol/L group: t=3.914, P＜0.01;25 μ mol/Lgroup: t=3.955,P＜0.01;6.25 μ mol/L group: t=3.955, P＜0.01).Theexpression of TNF-α of the MTX groups (100 μ mol/L and 25 μmol/L) reduced significantly.Compared with the experimental group, the difference was statistically significant (100 μmol/L group: t=3.955, P＜0.01;25 μmol/L group: t=2.859, P＜0.05).The expression of TNF-αof the iguratimod group (6.25 μmol/L) was lower than that of the MTX group (6.25 μmol/L).The difference was statistical significant (t=2.359, P＜0.05).Conclusion Iguratimod presents strong anti-inflammatory and antiangiogenesis properties.This study provides insight into the possible molecular mechanisms of iguratimod and suggests that it can be a medication for the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases like RA.

Ten flavonoids were isolated from the 95% ethanol extract of the seeds of Alpinia galanga Willd. with a combination of various chromatographic techniques, including silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 and preparative HPLC. On the basis of spectroscopic data analysis, they were elucidated as (2R, 3S)-pinobaksin-3-cinnamate (1), (2R, 3R)-pinobaksin-3-cinnamate (2), pinocembrin (3), pinobaksin (4), 3-O-acetylpinobaksin (5), galangin (6), galangin-3-methylether (7), kumatakenin (8), 3-methylkaempferol (9) and (2R, 3R)-3, 5-dihydroxy-7-methoxyflavanone (10). Among them, compound 1 is a new compound, compounds 2, 5 and 10 were isolated from the genus Alpinia for the first time, and others were isolated from this plant for the first time.
Alpinia ; chemistry ; Benzopyrans ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Cinnamates ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Flavanones ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Flavonoids ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Kaempferols ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Structure ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Seeds ; chemistry

OBJECTIVEIsobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) combined with mass spectrometry were used to screen differentially expressed plasma proteins in cold stress rats.

METHODSThirty health SPF Wistar rats were randomly divided into cold stress group A and control group B, then A and B were randomly divided into 3 groups (n = 5): A1, A2, A3 and B1, B2, B3. The temperature of room raising was (24.0 +/- 0.1) degrees C, and the cold stress temperature was (4.0 +/- 0.1) degrees C. The rats were treated with different temperatures until 12 h. The abdominal aortic blood was collected with heparin anticoagulation suction tube. Then, the plasma was separated for protein extraction, quantitative, enzymolysis, iTHAQ labeling, scx fractionation and mass spectrometry analysis.

RESULTSTotally, 1085 proteins were identified in the test, 39 differentially expressed proteins were screened, including 29 up-regulated proteins and 10 down-regulated proteins. Three important differentially expressed proteins related to cold stress were screened by bioinfonnatics analysis (Minor histocompatihility protein HA-1, Has-related protein Rap-1b, Integrin beta-1).

CONCLUSIONIn the experiment, the differentially expressed plasma proteins were successfully screened in cold stress rats. iTRAQ technology provided a good platform to screen protein diaguostic markers on cold stress rats, and laid a good foundation for further. study on animal cold stress mechanism.

Objective:To observe the effect of Governor Vessel-unblocking and mind-refreshing acupuncture plus functional training on neural development in infants with brain damage and seek an effective method for early intervention of infantile brain damage.Methods:Eighty infants with brain injury were recruited and allocated to a treatment group and a control group by their visiting sequence,with 40 cases in each group.The control group received exercise training,40 min each session and 6 sessions a week,and tuina treatment,30 min each time and 6 times a week.Based on the treatment protocol for the control group,the treatment group additionally received Governor Vessel-unblocking and mind-refreshing acupuncture,3 times a week and 10 sessions as a course at a 2-week interval.Before the treatment and after 14-week treatment,the gross motor function measure (GMFM) and developmental quotient (DQ) of Bejing Gesell developmental scale were used to evaluate the development of the infants.Results:After the treatment,the GMFM score and DQs of Gesell scale all increased by different levels in the two groups,and the intra-group differences were statistically significant (all P＜0.05);the scores of the treatment group were superior to those of the control group,and the between-group differences were statistically significant (all P＜0.05).Conclusion:Governor Vessel-unblocking and mind-refreshing acupuncture plus functional training can significantly promote the development of gross motor and cognitive functions in infants with brain damage,and it is an early and effective intervention for infantile brain damage.

Objective To observe the effects of iguratimod ( IT) combined with methotrexate ( MTX) in patients with refractory rheumatoid arthritis ( rRA) . Methods Sixty patients with rRA were randomly divided into 2 groups ( n=30 each group) . The cases in treatment group received 50 mg.d-1 of iguratimod and 10 mg of MTX for 16 weeks. The cases in control group were treated by 10-15 mg of MTX. DAS28 was analyzed. Levels of VEGF and endostatin ( ES) were quantified. Results In the treatment group,after 16-week treatment,DAS28,levels of VEGF and ES were (3.0±1.2),(818.9±178.8) pg.mL-1, (337.8±132.6) ng.mL-1,and those in the control group were (5.7±1.9),(1000.2±245.9) pg.mL-1,(253.8±77.8) ng.mL-1,respectively. In the treatment group,DAS28 and VEGF after the treatment were significantly decreased as compared with those before the treatment ( P<0.01) . The decrement was more significant in the treatment group than in the control group ( P<0.01) . At the 16th week of treatment,ES was significantly increased as compared with that before the treatment ( P<0.01) , and there was a significant difference between the treatment group and the control group (P<0.01). Conclusion Iguratimod combined with MTX have a prominent effect on rRA with high safety. The efficacy of IT on RA might be related with decreasing VEGF release,increasing ES production and alleviating synovium angiogenesis.

To determine the optimum process conditions for dry granulating technique of Qibai Pingfei granule, granule excipient type, rolling wheel speed and pressure and feeding speed were studied. Taking shaping rate at a time, moisture absorption and dissolubility as index, the type and amount of granule excipient were determined. In addition, taking shaping rate at a time as index, parameters of rolling wheel speed and pressure and feeding speed were researched through single factor test and response surface methodology. The optimum parameters were as follows: lactose as excipient, dry extract powder to excipient at 1:2, rolling wheel speed and pressure at 10.9 Hz and 6.4 MPa and feeding speed at 7.2 Hz. After validation of three batches pilot-scale production, the optimum processing parameters for dry granulating technique of Qibai Pingfei granule is reasonable and feasible, which can provide reliable basis for production.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Powders ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods