Objective To explore the clinical value of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein(hsCRP) in chronic kidney disease(CKD) and the relationship between hsCRP and the different stages of CKD in children.Methods This study population consisted of patients who was diagnosised as CKD in Beijing Children′s Hospital from Mar.2007 to Feb.2008.The total number of subjects was 62 patients with 35 male and 27 female,the mean age was(8.7?4.0)years old,the course was from 3 months to 10 years.The healthy control group contains 30 healthy children with 16 male and 14 female,the mean age was(7.8?3.2) years old.The serum levels of hsCRP,creatine and ?2-microglobulin(?2-MG) were determined.The glomerular filtration rate(GFR) was caculated.The relationship between serum levels of hsCRP and ?2-MG,blood pressure as well as the renal function in these patients with CKD,stratified according to GFR were evaluated.The relationship between hsCRP and the blood pressure was evaluated.The statistical analysis for the data was done with SPSS 12.0 software.Use the t-test,order and examination and correlation analysis,P

Objective To localize Der f 2 in the body of Dermatophagoides farinae.Methods Live mites were embedded.Serial mite paraffin sections were made and checked under light microscope.The sections were incubated with anti-recombinant Der f 2 monoclonal antibody as the first antibody.They were then reacted with the fluorescent isothiocyanate conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG as the secondary antibody.The sections were examined with fluorescent light microscopy.Results Der f 2 reacting with immunofluorescent antibodies was found localized in the tissue and contents of the mid-gut of the mite.Conclusion The major allergen Der f 2 distributes in the gut and fecal pellets of Dermatophagoides farinae.

Objective To compare the early renal function recovery after kidney transplant from donation after cardiac death (DCD) and brain death (DBD).Methods The Medline (1950-2011),Embase and Cochrane library database were searched and supplemented by review of conference proceedings and publication bibliographies.All original single institution studies reporting outcomes for DCD and DBD kidney transplant recipients were considered.Odds ratios (OR) and 95％ confidence intervals (CI) based on random effects models were calculated.Results Nine publications,all cohort studies,involving 2049 DCD and 5498 DBD recipients,were included.DCD recipients had 7.24 times increased odds of DGF (OR=7.24,95％ CI =3.86-13.58),and 4.97 times increased odds of PNF (95％ CI =3.77-6.55).Conclusion DCD renal transplantation is associated with higher risks of DGF and PNF.

Objective To reveal the effect of fasting insuline(FINS) and insuline resistance(IR) in the process of benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH). Methods One hundred and seventeen outpatients( ≥60 ys)with BPH from geriatric department were enrolled into the study. The patients were divided into groups according to their FINS and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR). The indices of BPH, including volume of prostate ( PV ),prostate specific antigen( PSA ), international prostate symptom score (IPSS), course of BPH were analyzed in both groups. Results The PV ( [ 56. 46 ± 26. 88 ] ml vs [ 44. 84 ± 17.66 ] ml, P = 0. 017 ) and the course ( [ 18. 00 ± 6. 91 ] years vs [ 13.93 ± 7. 74 ] years, P = 0. 031 ) were significantly greater in BPH combined hyperinsulinemias(HINS) group than the BPH with normal FINS group;but we found no significant differences in the comparisons of serum PSA level or IPSS between two groups. The PV( [54. 17 ± 25.38 ] ml vs [42. 26 ±14. 15]ml,P =0. 004)and the course([ 16.58 ±7. 65] years vs [13.49 ±7. 59] years,P = 0. 036) were also significantly greater in BPH combined insuline resistance gruop than the insulin sensitivity group, again we found no significant differences in the comparisons of serum PSA level or IPSS between two groups. Conclusion FINS and IR are risk factors of progressed BPH and can promote the progress of BPH.

In the process of teaching international students laboratory diagnostics,teaching mode has been actively explored. The management of teaching,the foundation of teaching team,the selection of teaching materials and reformation of teaching mode are the key points that affect the teaching quality directly.

Objective To study the effects of melatonin on the expression of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and endothelial nitricoxide synthase (eNOS) in renal cortex of insulin-resistant (IR) rats. Methods Insulin-resistant rat model was established with 6-8 week ages Sprague-Dawwley (SD) rats by high-glucose diet (70% calories from glucose) for 6 weeks. IR rats models were divided into control normal group (CN, n=10), IR group (n=10) and melatonin group (MEL, n=10). Rats in MEL were affused melatonin 10mg/(kg·d) (4PM) for further 6 weeks. The protein and mRNA in rats' renal cortex of each group were assayed by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR. Results Arterial blood pressure (ABP) and serum triglyceride (TG), free fatty acid (FFA), malondialdehyde (MDA), insulin (Ins) and homeostasis model analysis insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in MEL were lower than that in IR (all P＜0.01). Serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL-c) and superoxide dismutese (SOD) were higher in MEL than that in IR (all P＜0.01). HE staining showed that the structure of renal cortex in MEL is approximately normal. The levels of ET-1 protein and mRNA in renal cortex of MEL rats were lower than that in IR group. The levels of eNOS protein and mRNA of renal cortex in MEL group were higher than that in IR group (all P＜0.05). Conclusion At the early stage of IR, melatonin application can ameliorate the imbalance between ET-1 and eNOS and protect the angio-endothelial function of renal cortex in high-glucose induced IR rats.

The first metatarsophalangeal joint bending plays an important role in the foot movement. However, the existing researches mainly focused on the movement scope of the joint and the clinical treatments of related foot diseases. In order to investigate the effects of the first metatarsophalangeal joint bending on human walking gait stability, the present researchers recruited 6 healthy young men to perform the first metatarsophalangeal joint constraint (FMJC) and barefoot (BF) walking tests. Data of the temporal and spatial parameters, the joint angles of lower limbs, the ground reaction forces (GRF) and utilized coefficients of friction (UCOF) were collected and analyzed. The results showed that, since hip and knee could produce compensation motions, the FMJC had no significant effects on waking gait, but the slip and fall probability increased significantly.
Friction ; Gait ; Humans ; Male ; Metatarsophalangeal Joint ; physiology ; Walking

ObjectiveTo study the effects of two cryopreservation methods ( direct vapor nitrogen method and program freezing method) on the motility of post-thaw human sperm.MethodsThe 25 semen samples were taken from 25 donors from Shanghai Human Sperm Bank during May to July 2011,using straw as a frozen carrier, the semen samples contained modified glycerol-yolk-citrate ( GYC ) ( 1 ∶1 ) as cryoprotectant,after the liquefaction, each semen sample was divided into 2 groups,and separately cryopreserved by direct vapor nitrogen method and program freezing method.According to the recommended standardoftheWorldHealthOrganization, semensampleswereanalyzedbeforeandafter cryopreserving.Density,total motility,PR,motility parameters ( including VAL,VSL,VCL,BCF) were determinated by the IVOS sperm analyzer.Semen samples were stained by modified papanicolaou stain and 200 sperms of each sample were counted under microscope by manual analysis to calculate the rate of normal morphology sperm.The paired t test was used to compare the above indictors before and after cryopreserving in one method and after thawing between two methods.Results Before cryopreserving,the total motility,PR,VAL,VSL,VCL,BCF were(91.36±4.96)％,(81.28 ±6.41)％,(59.29 ±9.30) μm/s,(49.80±8.40) μm/s, (83.39 ± 15.70)μm/s, (16.68 ± 3.36)Hz respectively, and after cryopreserving by direct vapor nitrogen method the results were (46.04 ± 20.14)％,(40.22 ± 18.42 )％,(48.00± 11.60)μm/s,(41.11 ±8.50) μm/s,(71.55 ±17.19) μm/s,(15.94 ± 14.30) Hz respectively,the differences of the indictors above were observed with statistic significance except BCF ( t =11.324,11.958,4.266,3.964,3.620,0.258,P of BCF ＞0.05,P of others ＜0.05); and after cryopreserving by program freezing method,the results were(48.05 ± 18.27)％,(42.47 ± 15.62)％,(45.30 ± 6.51) μm/s,(38.08 ± 4.99) μm/s,(64.23 ± 11.75) μm/s,(14.00 ± 2.99) Hz respectively,the differences of the indictors above showed statistic significance (t =10.337,10.874,7.154,5.510,6.494,3.244,P ＜0.05).No significant differences were observed in the revival rate,total motility,PR and normal morphology sperm rate by using different methods (t =0.425,0.364,0.622,1.106,P ＞0.05).The results of VAL,VSL,VCL,BCF in direct vapor nitrogen method were higher than that in program freezing method,when the differences of VSL and VCL were observed with statistic significance(t =2.489,2.822,P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions Using straw as carrier is practicable.Direct vapor nitrogen method is easier to operate than program freezing method.Post-thaw sperm cryopreseved by direct vapor nitrogen method has higher motility parameters,thus making this method an ideal one for fast freezing.

Objective To monitor the distribution of pathogenic bacteria causing wound infection in trauma patients and their susceptibility to antibiotics in an effort to offer evidence for the rational clinical use of antibiotics.Methods Pathogens were identified by expressive type,but a very few was determined by the molecular methods.Micro-dilution or Kirby-Bauer method for minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was adopted for drug susceptibility test.Results A total of 121 species of pathogens numbering 1,257 bacterial strains were isolated from 1,066 patients.Strain number of the top 10 species accounted for 70.09％.Gram-positive cocci accounted for 48.93％ and Gram-negative bacilli for 49.72％.Among Staphylococcus aureus and epidermidis,methicillin-resistant bacterial strains accounted for 34.76％ and 71.08％ respectively,but none were resistant to vancomycin or linezolid.Enterococcus faecalis contained 6.06％ vancomycin-resistant enterococcal (VRE) and remained ＞ 90％ sensitive to teicoplanin,ampicilin and vancomycin.Enterococcus faecium contained 10.53％ VRE and remained ＞90％ sensitive to teicoplanin and ＞ 80％ sensitive to vancomycin.Baumanii contained 12.77％ multidrug resistant strains and remained ＞ 70％ sensitive to imipenem and meropenem.Baumanii/calcoaceticus complex contained 29.72％ multi-drug resistant strains and remained ＞ 50％ sensitive to imipenem and meropenem.Pseudomonas aeruginosa contained 3.73％ multi-drug resistant strains and remained ＞90％ sensitive to amikacin,meropenem,imipenem and piperacillin/tazobactam.No E.coli,klebsiella pneumoniae and enterobacter cloacae resistant to imipenem or meropenem were found.E.coli contained 69.51％ extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs)-producing strains and remained ＞ 90％ sensitive to piperacillin/tazobactam and ＞ 80％ sensitive to amikacin.Klebsiella pneumoniae contained 53.13％ ESBLs-producing strains and remained ＞ 80％ sensitive to amikacin.Conclusions Common bacteria are the leading cause of posttraumatic infection.Enterococcus faecalis and enterococcus faecium demonstrate higher susceptibility to teicoplanin; two kinds of acinetobacter demonstrate higher susceptibility to imipenem.

Oxytocin ( OT ) is a cyclic neuropeptide containing nine amino acids residues, in addition to the traditional roles of uterine contraction and lactation, it also plays important roles in the central nervous system and other peripheral organs, such as improving schizophrenia, autism - related psychiatric and psy-chological symptoms. Oxytocin exhibits its physiological func-tions by binding to its receptor (oxytocin receptor,OTR). Cur-
rently researchers are manipulating OT system by developing new OTR ligand ( agonists and antagonists ) , hoping to prevent and treat OTR related diseases. This paper reviews the latest devel-opment of OTR agonists, antagonists and its physiological roles in central nerve system and peripheral organs.