To investigate the effects of human anti-BAFF scFv-Fc against the hsBAFF, ICR mice were randomly divided into six groups: control, hsBAFF (1 mg x kg(-1)), hsBAFF (1 mg x kg(-1)) + Ab (1 mg x kg(-1)), hsBAFF (1 mg x kg(-1)) + Ab (2 mg x kg(-1)), hsBAFF (1 mg x kg(-1)) + human IgG (1 mg x kg(-1)) and hsBAFF (1 mg x kg(-1)) + human IgG (2 mg x kg(-1)) groups. The effects of scFv-Fc administration on the proliferation of B lymphocytes were evaluated using an MTT assay. The titres of antibody in the serum and B lymphocytes differentiation were assessed by ELISA and flow cytometry, respectively. The results showed that administration of scFv-Fc to mice injected with hsBAFF significantly prevented human BAFF-induced increases in splenic B cell numbers and serum immunoglobulin levels. Furthermore, this fully human antibody would avoid inducing the human anti-mouse antibody (HAMA) response when used in humans. These findings suggest that the compact antibody may be useful in therapeutic or diagnostic application of the BAFF-associated autoimmune diseases in human.

Objective To study the effect of public hospitals vertical integration on scale economy in Shanghai. MethodsA total of 401 samples of 67 hospitals from 1999 to 2004 in Shanghai were collected.Median regression was performed to estimate the multi-output cost function and marginal cost of discharge patients,and scale economies were calculated.Results The independent variables Beds,W,X1,X23,Region,Level,Y03,and Y04 were all predictors of cost.Conclusion Both integrated tertiary and secondary hospitals had scale economy before and after integration.Integration enhanced the output and improved the efficiency of integrated secondary hospitals.To some extent,patients were dispersed to secondary hospitals.

Objective To explore the differences in health care quality,scale,output,efficiency,cost and financial condition between freestanding secondary hospitals and system-affiliated secondary hospitals in Shanghai,and analyse the determinants of hospital integration. Methods Eleven upper secondary hospitals in Shanghai integrated between 2000 and 2004 were selected,and another 40 secondary hospitals (including 30 upper secondary hospitals and 10 middle secondary hospitals) without integration were served as controls. Using related data of 1999,Mann-Whitney U test was performed to analyse the differences between these two groups,and Logistic regression analysis was conducted to explore the determinants of hospital integration. Results There were significant differences in health care quality,scale,and output between these two groups (P0.05). It was revealed by Logistic regression analysis that health care quality,scale,output,and financial condition were determinants of integration. Conclusion System-affiliated secondary hospitals have advantages over freestanding hospitals in health care quality,scale,output and financial condition,and those with better health care quality,larger scale,larger output and better financial condition are more likely to be integrated by tertiary hospitals.

Objective To study the curative effects and characteristics of vocal cord shallow lamina propria resection on the treatment of vocal cord leukoplakia .Methods A total of cases of vocal cord leukoplakia were re-ceived vocal cord mucosa stripping surgery (69 cases) and vocal superficial lamina propria resection with or without suture (69 cases) respectively during January 2006 - December 2011 ,and all cases were taken dynamic laryngosco-py and voice acoustic analysis before surgery ,at 2 weeks ,4 weeks ,6 weeks ,8 weeks ,3 months ,6 months ,and 12 months after surgery .We observed the curative effects and characteristics after operation of two different surgery on the treatment of vocal cord leukoplakia with precancerous lesions .Results Two week after operation ,the vocal cords mucous wave ,vocal cords vibration symmetry ,regularity ,total hoarseness degree (G) ,Jitter ,Shimmer , NHRvaluesinthe2groupsweresignificantlylowerthanthoseofpreoperation(P<0.05),buttherewerenosignif-icant differences between the two groups(P>0 .05) .The three main index of dynamic laryngoscope ,voice acoustic parameters at 4 weeks after operation were significantly lower than those at 2 weeks after operation in the vocal cord mucosa stripping surgery group ,the difference were statistically significant (P<0 .05) ,but it showed no statistical difference between the group at 6 weeks after operation and the groups at other time points (P>0 .05) .The three main index of dynamic laryngoscope ,voice acoustic parameters at 6 weeks after operation were significantly lower than those at 2 ,4 weeks after operation in the vocal cord shallow lamina propria resection group ,the difference were statistically significant (P<0 .05) ,but it showed no statistical difference between the group at 8 weeks after operation and the groups of other time points (P>0 .05) .The voice restoration was faster in the vocal cord mucosa stripping surgery group .The recurrence rate was lower in the vocal cord shallow lamina propria resection group than those in the traditional vocal cord mucosa stripping surgery group ,the difference was statistically significant (P<0 .05) . Conclusion The vocal cord shallow lamina propria resection is a minimally invasive operation for the treatment of vocal cord leukoplakia ,with low recurrence rate and good the voice recovery .

Objective To evaluate the value of lung sonography in diagnosis of neonatal pulmonary diseases and to provide a reliable and simple method for diagnosing neonatal pulmonary diseases.Methods From May 2012 to August 2012,105 newborns who admitted into Bayi Children's Hospital were enrolled into this study,including respiratory distress syndrome 40 cases (three of them with difficulty in withdrawing mechanical ventilation),meconium aspiration syndrome 17 cases,wet lung of newborn 17 cases and 30 health neonates without lung diseases.Lung ultrasound was performed at bedside by a single expert physician within the first 24 h of life.All patients with neonatal lung diseases were diagnosed by clinical manifestations,arterial blood gas analysis and chest X-ray.Results (1) Lung sonography of normal neonates showed hypo-echo (black),smooth and clear hyper-echoic pleural line.A line was hyper echo too.(2) All 40 neonates with respiratory distress syndrome showed lung consolidation with air bronchograms; abnormal pleural line,disappeared A-lines,pleural effusion and alveolar-interstitial syndrome.Five out of the 40 (12.5％)infants showed pleural effusion.(3) All 18 meconium aspiration syndrome infants showed focal lung consolidation under pleural membrane,alveolar-interstitial syndrome,atypical changes of abnormal pleural line and disappeared A-line in lesion area with lung sonography.(4) All infants with wet lung of newborn (100.0％,17/17) showed double lung point,with which all wet lung of newborn could be diagnosed.(5) Differential diagnosis of respiratory distress syndrome with wet lung of newborn:five infants with severe dyspnea showedwhite lung in X-ray and were diagnosed as respiratory distress syndrome,while sonography only showed severe lung edema and one infant showed pleural effusion which was in accordance with wet lung of newborn,so was their courses of disease.(6) Three cases of respiratory distress syndrome showed dyspnea after withdrawing mechanical ventilation,and lung sonography showed local atelectasis but normal in X-ray.Conclusions Lung ultrasound has many advantages,such as accurate,reliable,no radiation damage,low-cost and simple; therefore,it is feasible in neonatal ward.

OBJECTIVETo discuss the influence of Suoquan capsule (SQJN) on the detrusor of D-galactose mimetic rats, and to explore the mechanism of reducing urine.

METHODInvestigate the enzymes (ATPase, SDH, SOD, MDA, Na+ -K+ -ATPase, Ca2+ - Mg2+ -ATPase) which influence the production and excretion of urine and the reactivity of urinary detrusor strips to different concentrations of ISO and ATP.

RESULTCompared with the model group, the activity of SOD, Na+ -K+ -ATPase, Ca2+ -Mg2+ -ATPase and SDH increased significantly in aging rats after administrating SQJN (P < 0.01); the complaisance and elasticity of bladder also increased (P < 0.05). The frequency of spontaneous contraction and the MDA decreased significantly (P < 0.05-0.01). The decreased relaxation response to ISO and increased contractile response to ATP were also changed after administrating SQJN.

CONCLUSIONSQJN can regulate the metabolism of fluid through recovering the normal physiologic function of the detrusor of bladder.

Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Galactose ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Male ; Muscle Contraction ; Muscle, Smooth ; physiology ; Rats ; Urinary Bladder ; drug effects ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Urinary Incontinence, Urge ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Urination ; drug effects

Dysentery, Bacillary ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Molecular Epidemiology ; Shigella ; genetics

To investigate the effects of human anti-BAFF scFv-Fc against the hsBAFF, ICR mice were randomly divided into six groups: control, hsBAFF (1 mg x kg(-1)), hsBAFF (1 mg x kg(-1)) + Ab (1 mg x kg(-1)), hsBAFF (1 mg x kg(-1)) + Ab (2 mg x kg(-1)), hsBAFF (1 mg x kg(-1)) + human IgG (1 mg x kg(-1)) and hsBAFF (1 mg x kg(-1)) + human IgG (2 mg x kg(-1)) groups. The effects of scFv-Fc administration on the proliferation of B lymphocytes were evaluated using an MTT assay. The titres of antibody in the serum and B lymphocytes differentiation were assessed by ELISA and flow cytometry, respectively. The results showed that administration of scFv-Fc to mice injected with hsBAFF significantly prevented human BAFF-induced increases in splenic B cell numbers and serum immunoglobulin levels. Furthermore, this fully human antibody would avoid inducing the human anti-mouse antibody (HAMA) response when used in humans. These findings suggest that the compact antibody may be useful in therapeutic or diagnostic application of the BAFF-associated autoimmune diseases in human.
Animals ; B-Cell Activating Factor ; immunology ; metabolism ; B-Lymphocytes ; cytology ; Body Weight ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Proliferation ; Cells, Cultured ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments ; immunology ; metabolism ; Immunoglobulin G ; blood ; immunology ; Immunoglobulin M ; blood ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Random Allocation ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; immunology ; metabolism ; Single-Chain Antibodies ; immunology ; metabolism ; Spleen ; cytology

The paper is to report the pharmacokinetic character of a series of chemical compounds in vitro and in vivo. Metabolism stability of a series of chemical compounds was screened by using rat liver microsomes. The samples of different chemical compounds were combined and then simultaneously detected by LC-MS/MS. Compounds y13, y12 and y11 were screened out by microstability assay in vitro. The pharmacokinetics of compounds y11, y12 and y13 was evaluated by using SD rat. The plasma samples were pooled at the same time. The plasma concentrations were determined by LC-MS/MS. The pharmacokinetic character of two compounds y13, y11 was good by screening in vivo, so they were developed for further research. High-throughput screening of drug candidates in vitro and in vivo was effective, to provide information for the chemical structure information and lower the drug development risk.
Animals ; Chromatography, Liquid ; methods ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; methods ; Female ; High-Throughput Screening Assays ; methods ; Male ; Microsomes, Liver ; metabolism ; Pharmaceutical Preparations ; administration & dosage ; blood ; metabolism ; Pharmacokinetics ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; methods

To investigate the correlation between genotype and distribution of Pogostemon cablin by sequencing ITS1 and ITS2 genes, and provide molecular information for its germplasm evaluation, ITS1 and ITS2 genes of Pogostemon cablin from different localities were identified by PCR direct sequencing. The sequences of ITS1 and ITS2 genes were 424 bp and 380 bp in length, respectively. And nineteen base substitutions were observed in ITS1 gene, and five in ITS2 gene. The results showed a good correlation between genotype and distribution of Pogostemon cablin, and ITS gene sequencing could provide useful molecular information for germplasm evaluation of the plant species verification.
Base Sequence ; Biodiversity ; China ; Cluster Analysis ; DNA, Plant ; chemistry ; genetics ; DNA, Ribosomal ; chemistry ; genetics ; DNA, Ribosomal Spacer ; chemistry ; genetics ; Genotype ; Geography ; Lamiaceae ; classification ; genetics ; growth & development ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Plant Leaves ; genetics ; Plants, Medicinal ; classification ; genetics ; growth & development ; Sequence Analysis, DNA