Objective To observe the clinical effect of Jiu-Wei-Yong-An granule combined with cetirizine in the treatment of damp-heat accumulation syndrome of eczema. Methods 108 eczema patients with syndrome of damp-heat accumulated in the skin, treated in the Department of Traditional Chinese Surgery in the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University from December 2021 to March 2023, were selected. They were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 54 cases in each. Both groups took cetirizine tablets orally for basic treatment. The observation group was given Jiu-Wei-Yong-An granules, and the control group was given placebos of the same. The clinical efficacy before and after treatment in the two groups was observed and compared, including TCM syndrome scores, eczema area and severity index （EASI）, visual analogue scale （VAS）, and adverse reactions. Results After treatment, the total effective rate of the observation group （88.9%） was higher than that of the control group （77.8%）, and the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. After treatment, the TCM syndrome score, EASI and VAS in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group （P<0.05）, and the difference was statistically significant. There was no significant difference in the total rate of adverse reactions between the two groups （P>0.05）. Conclusion The combination of Jiu-Wei-Yong-An granules and cetirizine tablets in the treatment of damp-heat eczema showed significantly better clinical outcomes in the observation group compared to the control. It effectively improved patient conditions, reduced skin lesion areas, and alleviated itching, with both safety and efficacy that merit clinical promotion.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of Traditional Chinese Medicine （TCM）external treatment methods in alleviating skin pruritus caused by eczema through a Meta-analysis. Methods Randomized clinical trials investigating the use of TCM external treatment methods for skin pruritus caused by eczema were searched in databases including China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）, VIP, Wanfang, Sinomed, PubMed, Embase, LILACS, and Cochrane, up to December 2024. Two reviewers independently screened and entered the statistical data, conducted bias risk assessment by the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions, version 5.1.0, and performed Meta-analysis using RevMan 5.4.1. Results Ultimately, 14 studies involving 1 788 patients were included. Compared to the control group, TCM external treatment methods （treatment group）showed better improvement in pruritus scores （Z=11.88, P<0.000 01）, better improvement in Eczema Area and Severity Index （EASI） scores （Z=23.15, P<0.000 01）, higher overall clinical efficacy rate （Z=6.21, P<0.000 01）, better improvement in TCM symptoms （Z=5.49, P<0.000 01）, and lower clinical recurrence rate （Z=2.88, P=0.004）. Three of the included studies mentioned adverse reactions, with the treatment group showing lower adverse reactions than the control group. Conclusion The external treatment of TCM was more effective in treating skin pruritus caused by eczema compared to the control group. Given the biases and heterogeneity in the included literature, this conclusion needs to be further substantiated by more large-scale, multi-center, randomized, controlled, and double-blind studies.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence and associated factors of depressive symptoms among middle and high school students in Zhejiang Province, so as to provide scientific basis for the implementation of depressive intervention. Methods: Based on the health status and associated factors of middle and high school students in the project "Monitoring of Common Diseases and Health Influencing Factors of Students" during 2018 to 2021, a total of 73 309 students including middle school, ordinary high school and vocational high school surveyed in 11 cities of Zhejiang Province were selected by multi stage stratified cluster random sampling method. From 2018 to 2021, there were 6 008, 21 917, 23 712 and 21 672 students, respectively. The Chi square test and Logistic regression model were used to analyze the influencing factors of depressive symptoms in middle and high school students. Results: From 2018 to 2021, depressive symptoms detection rate of middle school students was 14.8%, with higher rate in girls (17.1%) than in boys (12.7%), higher rate in high school (17.1% in ordinary high school, 17.6% in vocational high school) than middle school (12.5%)( χ 2=278.77, 327.22, P <0.05). Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in depressive symptoms detection rate among middle school students with different years (2018: 16.7%，2019: 17.9% , 2020: 13.1%, 2021: 13.0%), residence (yes: 16.3%, no:13.5%), body mass index classification (not overweight or obesity: 14.8%, overweight: 14.2%, Obesity: 15.7%), weekly exercise days (0-2 d: 17.1%, 3-5 d: 12.5%, 6-7 d: 13.1%) and bullying (yes: 35.5%, no: 10.7%) ( χ 2=293.40, 118.35, 7.83, 287.24, 4 978.84, P <0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that female students, ordinary high schools, vocational high schools, obesity, school bullying were positively correlated with depression ( OR =1.65, 1.70, 1.60, 1.12, 5.21), exercise 3 to 5 days per week, exercise 6 to 7 days per week were negatively correlated with depression ( OR=0.77, 0.81, P <0.01). Conclusions Depressive symptoms among middle and high school students in Zhejiang Province are prominent. Strengthening mental health education for students and providing attention and support from families, schools, and society are essential steps to reduce the occurrence of depressive symptoms among these students.

Objective:To understand the uptake of post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) and related factors among male sex workers (MSW) and provide references for the promotion of PEP.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted using convenience sampling to recruit MSW participants with the help of a community-based organization in October 2023, in Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province. The sample size was estimated at 340 people. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect their social demographic characteristics, sexual behaviors, knowledge, beliefs, and uptake of PEP. A logistic regression model was used to analyze factors associated with the uptake of PEP in MSW. The SPSS 26.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Results:A total of 357 participants were recruited, mainly aged 18-20 (55.7%,199/357), unmarried (94.4%,337/357), and having an education background of junior high school or below (50.1%,179/357). Among 357 participants, 64.4% (230/357) knew about PEP, 51.0% (182/357) believed in the efficacy of PEP, and 13.4% (48/357) had experience of using PEP. Among 68 respondents having high-risk sexual behaviors in the past 3 months, 17.6% (12/68) have had uptake of PEP. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that group sex with men in the past 3 months (a OR=7.51, 95% CI: 1.37-41.09), HIV testing in the past 3 months (a OR=2.89, 95% CI: 1.16-7.16), the experience of using pre-exposure prophylaxis (a OR=30.18,95% CI: 12.60-72.24) and believing in the efficacy of PEP (a OR=2.94, 95% CI: 1.04-8.29) were the associated factors with the uptake of PEP in MSW. Conclusions:Although the overall uptake rate of PEP in MSW was high, the proportion of using PEP was still low among participants having high-risk sexual behaviors in the past 3 months. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen HIV risk awareness education considering their characteristics and promote timely uptake of PEP to interrupt HIV transmission.

Anthropometric indexes play a crucial role in identifying obesity. However, as an internationally commonly used indicator of obesity diagnosis, BMI has limitations in distinguishing lean body mass from fat mass. The weight-adjusted waist index (WWI), a novel anthropometric index, assesses adiposity through standardized waist circumference for weight, which presents an excellent capacity to predict the morbidity and mortality risks of various diseases. However, research on WWI is still in the exploratory stage, and there is a lack of unified standards for using this indicator to determine obesity. In addition, its potential application in children and adolescents also urgently needs to be explored. Therefore, this article comprehensively summarizes and compares the distinctive characteristics between WWI and other obesity-related anthropometric indexes. Bibliometric methods are used to analyze the hotspots and trends of WWI-related research, and we focus on discussing the value of WWI in predicting adverse health outcomes, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, liver and kidney diseases. We aim to promote the application of WWI in a broader field and fully demonstrate its important public health significance and broad application prospects.

Rosacea is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease whose exact pathogenesis has not been fully elucidated. Metabolomics has been widely used in the field of life science to provide strong evidence for exploring the pathogenesis and biomarkers of diseases. In recent years, researchers have applied metabolomics to rosacea-related fields using sebum, tear, saliva, and serum samples. This review summarizes research progress on current metabolomics methods and the application of metabolomics in rosacea.

Rosacea is a chronic facial inflammatory skin disease. It has been proved that heredity, immunity, neurovascular disorders, microorganisms, skin barrier damage and ultraviolet rays are closely related to the occurrence of rosacea. However, the exact pathogenesis of rosacea has not been fully elucidated. This review summarizes recent advances in the pathogenesis of rosacea in the past 5 years.

Objective To analyze and explore the analgesic effect of Angelica dahurica in neuropathic pain and its regulatory effect on the Mas-related G-protein coupled receptor member D(MrgprD)-transient receptor potential ankyrin 1(TRPA1)signaling pathway,using a mouse model of sciatic nerve chronic constriction injury(CCI).Methods A CCI mouse model was prepared by sterile surgical ligation and wrapping of the sciatic nerve in 30 mice.Pain-related behavioral changes induced by mechanical stimulation were detected by the VonFrey method,and the thermal hyperalgesic effects of Angelica dahurica were evaluated by thermal radiation experiments.The effects of Angelica dahurica on the protein expression levels MrgprD and TRPA1,the number of dorsal root ganglion(DRG)positive neurons,and mRNA levels of MrgprD and TRPA1 in mice were detected by Western Blot,immunofluorescence,and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction,respectively.Differences in fluorescence signal intensity in HEK293 cells after single transfection and co-transfection with MrgprD and TRPA1 plasmids,respectively,were analyzed by calcium imaging experiments.Results A total of 25 CCI mouse models were successfully prepared,with a modeling rate of 83.33％(25/30).The mechanical threshold and foot retraction latency were significantly higher in CCI mice treated with Angelica dahurica compared with the control group(P＜0.05).Expression levels of MrgprD and TRPA1 proteins were significantly lower in CCI mice treated with Angelica dahurica than in the control group(P＜0.05).The number of MrgprD-and TRPA1-positive neurons in the DRG was significantly lower group(P＜0.05)and the mRNA levels of MrgprD and TRPA1 were also significantly lower in CCI mice treated with Angelica dahurica than in the control group(P＜0.05).The fluorescence intensity was significantly higher in HEK293 cells co-transfected with MrgprD and TRPA1 plasmids than in single-transfected and blank control cells(P＜0.05).Conclusions This study demonstrated that the MrgprD-TRPA1 pathway is an important target for neuropathic pain,and indicated that Angelica dahurica can inhibit neuropathic pain by regulating this signal transduction pathway.These result provide a foundation for further research on the development of new clinical analgesic drugs and analgesic mechanisms.

Objective: To describe the prevalence characteristics and trend of malnutrition among primary and secondary school students in Zhejiang Province from 2008 to 2021, so as to provide scientific references for targeted interventions on malnutrition among children and adolescents. Methods: Based on the National Student Common Diseases and Health Influencing Factors Surveillance Project, 81 228 primary and middle school students aged 9-17 from Zhejiang Province were recruited for a questionnaire in 2008, 2014 and 2021, with stratified cluster random sampling method. Malnutrition was determined by Screening for Malnutrition in School aged Children and Adolescents. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used for non normally distributed data, and the Chi square test was used for categorical data. A trend Chi square test analyzed detection rates across different years. Results: The prevalence rates of malnutrition, stunting, mild wasting, and moderate to severe wasting among primary and secondary school students in 2008, 2014 and 2021 were 12.0%, 6.6%, 6.0%; 1.2%, 0.5%, 0.3%; 6.0%, 3.9%, 3.6%; and 4.7%, 2.2%, 2.2%, with an overall declining trend ( χ 2 trend =532.73, 181.43, 161.24, 240.38, P <0.05). The prevalence rates of malnutrition and mild wasting in each year were higher in boys (13.7%, 7.6%; 7.5%, 5.0%; 7.1%, 4.5%) than in girls (10.3%, 4.4%; 5.5%, 2.7%; 4.8%, 2.5%) ( χ 2=54.45, 88.67; 47.04, 81.07; 85.28, 98.81; P <0.01). The difference in malnutrition prevalence between urban and rural areas gradually narrowed (12.5%, 11.6%; 6.9%, 6.3%; 6.0%, 6.0%), with no statistically significant difference in 2021 ( χ 2= 0.01 , P >0.05). Malnutrition among primary and secondary school students was primarily characterized by mild wasting (56.0%) in Zhejiang Province. Compared to 2008, the prevalence of malnutrition in 2014 and 2021 showed a steady upward trend with increasing age in Zhejiang Province( χ 2 trends =44.52, 11.78, P <0.01). Conclusions The prevalence of malnutrition among primary and secondary school students aged 9 to 17 years in Zhejiang Province decreases by year from 2008 to 2021. However, the prevalence increase steadily with age, and boys have a higher prevalence of malnutrition. Policies should be developed age , gender , and growth appropriate dietary patterns to reduce malnutrition among primary and secondary school students.

Objective To investigate the distribution and antimicrobial resistance profiles of the common pathogens isolated from urine from 2015 to 2021 in the CHINET Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Program.Methods The bacterial strains were isolated from urine and identified routinely in 51 hospitals across China in the CHINET Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Program from 2015 to 2021.Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by Kirby-Bauer method,automatic microbiological analysis system and E-test according to the unified protocol.Results A total of 261 893 nonduplicate strains were isolated from urine specimen from 2015 to 2021,of which gram-positive bacteria accounted for 23.8％(62 219/261 893),and gram-negative bacteria 76.2％(199 674/261 893).The most common species were E.coli(46.7％),E.faecium(10.4％),K.pneumoniae(9.8％),E.faecalis(8.7％),P.mirabilis(3.5％),P.aeruginosa(3.4％),SS.agalactiae(2.6％),and E.cloacae(2.1％).The strains were more frequently isolated from inpatients versus outpatients and emergency patients,from females versus males,and from adults versus children.The prevalence of ESBLs-producing strains in E.coli,K.pneumoniae and P.mirabilis was 53.2％,52.8％and 37.0％,respectively.The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant strains in E.coli,K.pneumoniae,P.aeruginosa and A.baumannii was 1.7％,18.5％,16.4％,and 40.3％,respectively.Lower than 10％of the E.faecalis isolates were resistant to ampicillin,nitrofurantoin,linezolid,vancomycin,teicoplanin and fosfomycin.More than 90％of the E.faecium isolates were ressitant to ampicillin,levofloxacin and erythromycin.The percentage of strains resistant to vancomycin,linezolid or teicoplanin was＜2％.The E.coli,K.pneumoniae,P.aeruginosa and A.baumannii strains isolated from ICU inpatients showed significantly higher resistance rates than the corresponding strains isolated from outpatients and non-ICU inpatients.Conclusions E.coli,Enterococcus and K.pneumoniae are the most common pathogens in urinary tract infection.The bacterial species and antimicrobial resistance of urinary isolates vary with different populations.More attention should be paid to antimicrobial resistance surveillance and reduce the irrational use of antimicrobial agents.