To introduce the prophylaxis methods and dealing experiences of the common malfunctions of electronic gastroscopy. To summarize the prophylaxis methods and dealing experiences of the common malfunctions of electronic gastroscopy in recent years. To do everything carefully in the prophylaxis of the common malfunctions could ensure the high definition and resolution of the electronic gastroscopy. To manipulate properly with effective methods of preventing and dealing common malfunctions in use of electronic gastroscopy can not only lower the cost of repair but also prolong the service life of the machine.

Air ; analysis ; Hydrobromic Acid ; analysis ; Ion-Selective Electrodes ; Workplace

Objective To determine the incidence, clinical manifestation and risk factors of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndromes (IRIS) in highly active antirctroviral therapy (HAART) for HIV/AIDS patients. Methods Two hundred and twelve HIV/AIDS patients received HAART, and were followed up for 6 months. The incidence time and disease spectrum of IRIS were observed. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the risk factors for IRIS. Results Among 212 patients, there were 59 (27.8%) experienced an IRIS event during the first 6 months of HAART, 2 of which died (2/59,3.39% ). Median time of IRIS onset was 21 days form HAART initiation. The disease spectrum included tuberculosis, herpes virus infections, pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia, cryptococcal meningitis and penicillium marneffei infection. Risk factors of IRIS included baseline infections ( OR = 1. 655, P =0.010),fever during HAART ( OR = 2. 344, P= 0.006), and baseline CD4 + count ( OR = 1. 556, P = 0. 034).Conclusions IRIS usually occurred within the first month from HAART initiation, and tuberculosis and herpes virus infection are most common. The occurrence of IRIS is associated with the antigens burden and the decreased baseline CD4 + count.

Objective To detect antibodies against chlamydial plasmid-encoded protein 3 (Pgp3),outer membrane complex protein B C-terminal peptide (OmcBc),CT841 protein and heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) in the sera of patients with urogenital Chlamydia trachomatis infection.Methods Recombinant plasmids encoding the aforementioned four proteins and an empty plasmid were transformed into Escherichia coli separately followed by 2-hour isopropyl-1-thio-β-galactopyranoside (IPTG) induction and cell lysis.The expressed proteins were purified with glutathione magnetic beads and then used to coat 96-well enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) plates precoated by glutathione.Serum samples were collected from 20 patients with and 20 clients without urogenital C.trachomatis infection attending the sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital.ELISA with the expressed protein-coated plates was adopted to detect antibodies against these proteins in the serum samples.Results Of the 20 serum samples from C.trachomatis-infected patients,14 (70％)had anti-Pgp3 antibody,9 (45％) anti-OmcBc antibody,8 (40％) anti-CT841 antibody,and 5 (25％) anti-HSP60 antibody.Meanwhile,no antibody was detected in any of the serum samples from uninfected clients except for one with anti-HSP60 antibody.Conclusions Of the four studied C.trachomatis proteins,Pgp3 appears to have the strongest antigenicity with the highest antibody-detection rate,while HSP60 exhibits the weakest antigenicity with the lowest antibody-detection rate.

Conventional diagnostic methods used for pathologic nipple discharge (PND) include color ultrasound, mammary mo-lybdenum target X-ray radiography (mammography), nipple cytologic smears, and ductography. Diagnosis of PND through inspection yields indirect signs and has low positive rate. Fiberoptic ductoscopy (FDS) allows direct visualization of intra-ductal lesions, evaluates etiology of PND, and accurately locates intraductal lesions through wire marking. FDS is a valuable test for the early diagnosis of breast cancer and can help identify appropriate location for surgical excision. Interventional treatment for ductal ectasia and inflamma-tion is also efficient. Our study discusses FDS as a novel diagnosis and treatment method for PND patients.

Geriatrics develops relatively late in medical education, but geriatric medical education is rapidly rising for aggravation of the aging of population.And geriatric medical education is desired of the properties medical sciences, and is also the need of the development itself. Therefore, geriatric medical education should be internationalized, to eventually form distinctive education.

Objective To investigate the correlation between the formation of pigmented biliary calculus and biliary H.pylori infection.Methods Bile from 35 patients with pigmented biliary calculus and 10 healthy controls was cultured for aerobic,anaerobic and H.pylori.The expression of H.pylori- DNA in bile,bile duct mucosa and pigmented calculus were determined by PCR.The expression of H. pylori associated protein in bile duct mucosa was determined by Western-blot and Warthin-Starry staining.Results H.pylori culture was negative in all bile samples.In 35 patients with biliary pigmen- ted calculus,H.pylori was detected by PCR in the center of calculus,bile and bile duct mucosa of 14.29%,31.43% and 56.67% patients,respectively.Among H.pylori-DNA positive bile samples,7 contained anti-CagA antibodies,and 6 contained Vac A.in addition to Vacuolating cytotoxin(35000), glycoprotein(30000),Urase Band Urase A.Bacteria resembling H.pylori by Warthin-Starry stainning were found in 7 of 30(23.33%)bile duct mueosal samples from patients with biliary pigmented calculus. H.pylori-DNA and its associated protein were not detected in all bile and bile duct mucosae samples from the healthy controls.Conclusions The evidence of H.pylori-DNA and its associated protein in biliary system might indicate the role of H.pylori in the formation of biliary pigmented calculus.

Voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs), which are widely distributed in the excitable cells, are the primary mediators of electrical signal amplification and propagation. They play important roles in the excitative conduction of the neurons and cardiac muscle cells. The abnormalities of the structures and functions of VGSCs can change the excitability of the cells, resulting in a variety of diseases such as neuropathic pain, epilepsy and arrhythmia. At present, some voltage-gated sodium channel blockers are used for treating those diseases. In the recent years, several neurotoxins have been purified from the venom of the animals, which could inhibit the current of the voltage-gated sodium channels. Usually, these neurotoxins are compounds or small peptides that have been further designed and modified for targeted drugs of sodium channelopathies in the clinical treatment. In addition, a novel cysteine-rich secretory protein (CRBGP) has been isolated and purified from the buccal gland of the lampreys (Lampetra japonica), and it could inhibit the Na+ current of the hippocampus and dorsal root neurons for the first time. In the present study, the progress of the sodium channelopathies and the biological functions of voltage-gated sodium channel blockers are analyzed and summarized.
Animals ; Channelopathies ; physiopathology ; Hippocampus ; drug effects ; Neurons ; drug effects ; Neurotoxins ; pharmacology ; Venoms ; chemistry ; Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Blockers ; pharmacology

Objective To establish a simple, cost-effective method to measure reactive oxygen metabolites ( ROMs) using automatic biochemical analyzer.Methods Serum samples were collected from 50 healthy individuals and 50 hospitalized patientsin Beijing Hospital from September 2013 to November 2013.By setting up and optimizing parameters on automatic biochemical analyzer, a new method of measuring ROMS was established with TBHP as calibrator.130 healthy non-smokers were recruited in Beijing Hospital from November 2013 to December 2013 to establish reference interval, including 73 males and 57 females.The average age was 68.8 ±12.5.According to CLSI documents, there was the establishment of the new method including precision, limit of blank ( LoB ) , limit of detection ( LoD ) , limit of quantitation (LoQ), linearity,interference testing, and reference interval.Results The intra assay imprecision was 1. 5%-4.1% and the total imprecision was 4.4%-9.9%.LoB was 0.85 mmol/L TBHP;LoD was 2. 7mmol/L TBHP;LoQ was 5.9mmol/L TBHP.The linearity was 5.9-600 mmol/L (R2 =0.995).When triglyceride≤28.58 mmol/L, hemoglobin≤173 g/L, vitamin C≤60 mg/dl and bilirubin≤73.8 μmol/L, the deviation was -7.6%, 4.6%, -98.9%, 19.1%respectively.The normal reference interval was 61.9 -88.1 mmol/L TBHP.Conclusions The newly-established method has good performances of precision,LOD and linearity, which can meet the clinical needs.The interference of triglyceride and hemoglobin is small, while vitamin C and bilirubin have stronger interference on measurement.( Chin J Lab Med,2015,38:163-167)

Objective To detect the antibodies against recombinant chlamydial plasmid-encoded protein 3(rPgp3),chlamydial protease-like activity factor(rCPAF),Ct143 encoded protein(rCT143), Ct101 encoded protein(rCT101),Ct694 encoded protein(rCT694),Ct813 encoded protein(rCT813), Chlamydia membrane protein A(rIncA),Ct875 encoded protein(rCT875),major outer membrane protein (rMOMP)and heat shock protein 60( rHsp60)in serum samples collected form patients with urogenital Chlamydia trachomatis(Ct)infection and to evaluate the antigenicity of those proteins. Methods The re-combinant plasmids expressing the 10 proteins and a blank plasmid were transformed into E. coli BL21 strains,respectively. The transformed E. coli BL21 strains were induced by isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyr-anoside(IPTG)to express recombinant proteins. The glutathione pre-coated 96-well ELISA plates were coa-ted with lysates. Serum samples were collected from 50 patients with Ct infection and 10 patients without Ct infection. ELISA was performed to detect the antibodies against 10 recombinant proteins. Results The anti-bodies against rPgp3,rCPAF,rCT143,rCT101,rCT694,rCT875,rCT813,rMOMP,rIncA and rHsp60 proteins were respectively detected in 44 cases(88% ),38 cases(76% ),37 cases(74% ),36 cases (72% ),33 cases(66% ),31 cases(62% ),30 cases(60% ),26 cases(52% ),24 cases(48% )and 17 cases(34% )out of 50 serum samples. No antibodies against 10 recombinant proteins were detected in the serum samples collected from patients without Ct infection. Conclusion The rPgp3 protein showed the strongest antigenicity among all of the studied proteins,followed by rCPAF and rCT143 proteins. The rHsp60 protein showed the lowest antigenicity.