Pulmonary valve stenosis (PS) is a relatively common congenital heart disease,and there are 2 treatment methods of surgical operation and intervention.Percutaneous balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty (PBPV) was applied successfully in children with PS for the first time by Kan.For more than 30 years,with the update of intervention equipment,improvement of operation method and accumulation of clinical experience,the application of PBPV continuously has made new progress.Most of the previous reports of the PBPV were for the immediate and short-term efficacy,while long-term follow-up data and some special types of PS review research were less.Now,combined with PBPV clinical data and long-term follow-up study in recent years,an overview of the application progress of PBPV including indications,methods,curative effect and follow-up,prevention and cure of complications and some special type of PS are provided.

Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; blood ; Male

Objective To investigate the change of genomic DNA of liver and spleen tissue for different age of the elderly,and provide the experimental data for aging-related research. Methods 35 livers and 33 spleens of autopsied samples preserved in refrigerator at-80 ℃ were divided into 3 groups according to age:age 65y to 79y,age 80y to 89y,age≥90y. The content of DNA in liver and spleen was determined by ultraviolet absorbent method. Results Compaired with age 80y to 89y (0. 310 ± 0. 286)mg/mL,the content of DNA in liver was significant higher at age 65y to 79y (1.464 ±0.488)mg/mL and age ≥90y(1.147 ±0.333)mg/mL(P<0.05);Compared with age 80y to 89y(0. 938 ± 0. 589)mg/mL,the content of DNA in spleen was significant higher at age 65y to 79y(1. 723 ± 0. 726)mg/mL and age≥90y(1. 688 ± 0. 963)mg/mL(P<0. 05). The content of DNA was significant lower in liver (0. 856 ± 0. 658)mg/mL than that in spleen (1. 414 ± 0. 852)mg/mL. Conclusion The content of DNA in human liver and spleen tissue may be decrease along with aging. The content of DNA in the group at age≥90y may be increase. There were some differences between different viscera tissue in content of DNA.

Objective To investigate the relationship between apolipoprotein E(Apo E) gene poly-morphism and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and e-valuate the correlative risk factors. Method 40 cases of type 2 diabetes with MCI and 80 cases of type 2 diabetes without MCI were enrolled in this study. The polymorphism of the Apo E gene was detected by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP). According to the clinical data such as course of disease, plasma glucose, plasma fat and body mass index (BMI), the independent risk factors of T2DM and MCI were analyzed by non-conditional logistic regression. Results The frequency of Apo E ε_4 allele in the group of type 2 diabetes with MCI was higher than that without MCI ( 25.0% vs 10. 0% ), and the difference had statistical significance( P < 0. 01 ). The indexes of the statistical significant difference be-twcen the two groups were age, course of disease, postprandial blood glucose ( P2BG), HBA1C, BMI,family history of T2DM, hypertension, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic peripheral neuropathy, Apo E gene. The independent risk factors included diabetic retinopathy ( OR = 3. 452, P < 0. 05 ), diabetic peripheral neuropathy( OR = 3. 252, P <0. 05), Ape E gene( OR = 2. 441, P < 0.01 ), HBA1C ( OR = 1. 372, P <0.05), P2BG(OR = 1. 194, P <0.05), age(OR = 1. 194, P <0.01) and course of disease(OR =1. 142, P <0. 05). Conclusion Apo E ε_4 allele has significant relationship with T2DM and MCI. The age, course of disease, control of plasma glucose, and microvascular complication of diabetes have relation-ship with the cognitive function.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-308A/G gene polymorphism and mild cognitive impairment(MCI)in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),and their correlative risk factors thereof.Methods:Forty cases of T2DM with MCI and 80 cases of T2DM without MCI were selected for this study.The polymorphism of the TNF-α-308A/G was detected by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).According to the clinical data,such as course of disease,plasma glucose,plasma fat and body mass index(BMI),the independent risk factors of T2DM and MCI were analyzed by non-conditional logistic regression.Results:The frequency of TNF-α2 allele was significantly higher in the group of T2DM with MCI than that without MCI (P＜0.01).The indexes of the statistical significant difference between the two groups were the age,course of disease,postprandial blood glucose(P2BG),glycosylated hemoglobin,body mass index,family history of T2DM,hypertension,diabetic retinopathy,diabetic peripheral neuropathy and TNF-α.The independent risk factors included TNF-α,diabetic peripheral neuropathy,diabetic retinopathy,age and P2BG.Conclusion:There is a significant relationship between TNF-α2 allele and T2DM with MCI.There is a significant relationship between the age,control of plasma glucose and microvaseular complication of T2DM with the cognitive funotion.

Objective To explore nursing measure in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) induced by pulmonary infection after kidney transplantation.Methods To analyze nursing measure in 24 patients with ARDS induced by pulmonary infection after kidney transplantation from year 2003 to 2009.Results Among 24 patients, 15 patients recovered and left hospital, 7 patients died and 2 patients abandoned treatment.Conclusions The patient with ARDS induced by pulmonary infection after kidney transplantation should be under strict surveillance, and given strict sterilization, early positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) ventilation, psychological nursing, fundamental nursing and nutrition support, these will do great help for the patients' recovery.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the middle term effectiveness of medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction for the treatment of recurrent patellar dislocation.

METHODSFrom February 2007 to January 2010, 65 patients including 6 males and 59 females with recurrent patellar dislocation received the MPFL reconstruction. The reconstruction was performed using ipsilateral semitendinosis tendon to restore the damaged MPFL. Patients were evaluated pre-operatively and post-operatively by physical and subjectively with the IKDC (International Knee Documentation Committee), Tegner, and Lysholm questionnaires and radiographic examination.

RESULTSThe average follow-up duration was 20 months (ranged, 15 to 23 months). No recurrent episodes of dislocation or subluxation occurred. A firm endpoint to lateral patellar translation was noted in all patients at most recent follow-up. The Lysholm subjective knee evaluation score improved from (60.6 +/- 3.7) preoperatively to (89.8 +/- 4.6) postoperatively; and Tegner scores improved from (3.6 +/- 0.4) to (5.6 +/- 0.3), IKDC from (40.0 +/- 3.5) to (82.0 +/- 3.6). Radiographic evaluation demonstrated improvements in the congruence and sulcus femoral angles.

CONCLUSIONMPFL reconstruction is an effective surgical procedure for the treatment of recurrent patellar dislocation.

Adolescent ; Female ; Femur ; surgery ; Humans ; Internal Fixators ; Ligaments ; surgery ; Male ; Patella ; surgery ; Patellar Dislocation ; surgery ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo explore pathogenesis of post-transplantation diabetes mellitus (PTDM) in renal transplantation recipients.

METHODSA total of 40 renal transplantation recipients were divided into three groups based on oral glucose tolerance test results: normal glucose tolerance (NGT) group (n = 10), impaired fasting glycaemia + impaired glucose tolerance (IFG + IGT) group (n = 16), and PTDM group (n = 14). Insulin resistance (IR) and beta cell function were assessed by homeostasis model.

RESULTSThe differences of the immunosuppressive agents used in these groups were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Compared with NGT group, insulin area under curve and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance index were significantly higher in IGT + IFG group and PTDM group (P < 0.05). Compared with NGT group and IGT + IPG group, insulin secretion index at 30 min and homeostasis model assessment-insulin secretion index were significantly lower in PTDM group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONInsulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction may play a key role in the pathogenesis of PTDM.

Adult ; Diabetes Mellitus ; etiology ; physiopathology ; Female ; Humans ; Insulin Resistance ; Insulin-Secreting Cells ; physiology ; Kidney Transplantation ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; etiology ; physiopathology ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo identify the risk factors of cardiovascular diseases and cerebrovascular diseases (CVD) events in kidney allograft recipients.

METHODSWe followed up 361 renal transplant recipients who had undergone renal transplantation in our center from January 2000 to December 2003 and evaluated the cumulative incidences and mortalities of CVD complications at baseline and post-transplantation 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 months. Kaplan-Meier plot was used to assess the incidence and Cox's proportional hazards model to determine the risk factors for cardiovascular complications.

RESULTSThe cumulative incidences of CVD were 3.1%, 5.4%, 9.9%, 13.0%, 18.0%, 21.1%, and 24.1%, 1, 6, 12, 36, 48, and 60 months after transplantation, respectively. History of diabetes mellitus (RR 2.19, 95% CI 1.32-3.97, P = 0.009) and CVD (RR 6.34, 95% CI 3.76-14.60, P = 0.002) as well as the post-transplantation hypertension (RR 1.18, 95% CI 1.02-1.34, P = 0.04), diabetes mellitus (RR 2.82, 95% CI 1.33-7.26, P = 0.002), hyperlipidemia (RR 2.04, 95% CI 1.26-5.17, P = 0.008) and abnormal creatinine (> 200 micromol/L, RR 1.81, 95% CI 1.08-3.21, P = 0.03), and proteinuria (> 0.3 g/d , RR 1.56, 95% CI 1.12-3.54, P = 0.05) were independently correlated with the development of cardiovascular events.

CONCLUSIONHistory of diabetes mellitus and CVD, post-transplant hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, abnormal creatinine and proteinuria are the independent risk factors of the development of CVD events.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; etiology ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Kidney Transplantation ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; etiology ; Risk Factors ; Young Adult

creatinine concentration. Conclusion Bisphosphonates can decrease serum total calcium levels in hypercalcemia crisis caused by PHPT effectivelywith mild adverse events.