Objective To compare the performance of novel Ag/AgCl pulverized electrodes with conventional Ag/AgCl coating electrodes in cerebral application of Electrical Impedance Tomography(EIT).Methods Based on the EIT system developed by our group,raw data were measured on a phantom and an adult volunteer,with Ag/AgCl coating electrodes and pulverized electrodes,respectively.The performances of electrode systems were evaluated in contact impedance and two other figures(the high-frequency SNR,HFSNR;the low-frequency SNR,LFSNR).Results Ag/AgCl pulverized electrode plays a better performance in resisting noise and keeping stabilization.Conclusion Ag/AgCl pulverized electrode develops the needs of imaging and monitoring human brains in EIT more availably.

Objective To provide the hardware system of EIT with an excellent direct current(DC) power source. Methods The spectrums of the outputs of DC power source and the driving source were analyzed by means of Spectrum Analyzer- E4408B when EIT system was respectively powered by battery, linear power source and switching power source. Based on the numbers and power levels of the spurs of the three power sources and the numbers and power levels of the interferences within the driving source, the influence of the three power sources on the error of measuring was estimated. Meanwhile the EIT system did data acquisition, the overall signal-to-noise-ratio(SNR) of the three power sources at the 18 frequencies were calculated and the influence of the three power sources on the error of measuring was judged. Results With respect to the numbers and power levels of the interferences within the driving source when EIT was powered respectively by the three power sources, the battery output 6 interferences, the highest power of which achieved -78.25 dBm; the linear power source output 6 interferences, the highest power of which achieved -67.11 dBm; the switching power source output 15 interferences, the highest power of which achieved -35.83 dBm. The overall SNRs of the battery at the 18 driving frequencies were higher than that of the linear power source, and the overall SNRs of the linear power source were higher than that of the switching power source. Conclusion The power mode of battery is the best for the hardware of EIT among the three power sources.

Adult ; Hepatitis B ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Immunity, Active ; Liver Transplantation ; immunology ; methods ; Male ; Postoperative Complications ; prevention & control

Objective To investigate the effect of the bletilla striata polysaccharide on the expression of ovarian vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and serum malondialdehyde(MDA)and endometrial morphology in rat during perimenopause period.Methods The animal model of perimenopause rats was established by unforced aging.A total of 40 female SD rats(12~14 months old)were randomly divid-ed into four groups:Chinese medicine low(0.5 g/kg),medium(1 g/kg),high(2 g/kg) dosage group and the elder model group.The rats were given with corresponding drugs for 8 weeks.The content changes of ovarian VEGF protein was detected by western blot;serum MDA con-tent was detected by thiobarbituric acid;the morphology of endometrium in rats was observed by HE staining.Results Eight weeks later, compared with the elder model group,the VEGF protein expression in Chinese medicine low,medium,high dosage group increased,the serum MDA content in Chinese medicine low,medium,high,dosage group reduced,the differences were statistically significant( P<0.01),with dose dependence.Endometrial thickening and glandular increasing with the increase of dose.Conclusion Bletilla striata polysaccharide can upregulate the expression of VEGF protein,and down regulate the level of serum MDA,which improves the uterine function so as to delay the process of perimenopause in rats.

OBJECTIVETo determine the operation procedure of total hip arthroplasty (THA) for Crowe type-IV developmental dysplasia of hip and its relationship with nerve injury.

METHODSA consecutive series of 39 THAs was performed for Crowe type-IV developmental dysplasia of hip in 35 patients (all female). The mean age of the patients at the time of surgery was 46 years (range 36 - 56 years). Thirty-five hips in 31 patients were followed up. The average follow-up period of the whole series was 4 years (range 1 - 8 years). All procedures were carried out through a lateral-posterior approach. In 33 of 35 hips, the cup was inserted in the "true" acetabulum. All the prostheses used were cementless, except for 5 cemented femoral stems in 5 patients. Each patient was evaluated clinically and by radiographs before the operation and during the follow-up period, according to the Harris hip score (HHS).

RESULTSNone of the cups and stems were revised for aseptic loosening, dislocation or infection during the follow-up period. The mean preoperative HHS was 43 compared with the postoperative HHS of 87. The mean amount of postoperative leg lengthening was 5 cm (range 4 - 6 cm).

CONCLUSIONSThe reconstruction of the hip at the level of the "true" acetabulum through a lateral-posterior approach is a safe and effective procedure of THA for Crowe type-IV developmental dysplasia of hip in adults. Acute leg lengthening of less than 6 cm could not cause nerve injury.

Adult ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; methods ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hip Dislocation, Congenital ; surgery ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome

An enzyme electrode biosensor was used for the amperometric determination of inosine in its tablets by co-immobilizing nucleoside phosporylase and xanthine oxidase on a hydrogen peroxide electrode. As a fundamental electrode the hydrogen peroxide electrode has an advantage of stability in analysis compared with the 02 electrode. The enzyme electrode showed a linear response to inosine in the range of 1-268 mg/L with a response of 60 seconds under a sample injection volume of 25 microL. Based on the enzyme electrode, inosine solutions were determined with an average recover rate of 100.8% and a relative standard deviation (RSD) of les than 0.14% in 20 assays. The lifetime of the enzyme electrode was relative long and could be used continuously at 25 degrees C for 25 days. These results demonstrated that the enzyme electrode biosensor could be used to determine inosine and its derivatives specifically, rapidly, conveniently and economically.
Biosensing Techniques ; methods ; Inosine ; analysis ; Sensitivity and Specificity

OBJECTIVETo research the clinical feasibility of emergency right lobe adult-to-adult live-donor liver transplantation in treating acute liver failure following severe hepatitis.

METHODSConsecutive ten severe hepatitis patients (4 acute-on-chronic severe hepatitis and 6 acute severe hepatitis; 9 caused by HBV and 1 with drug-induced acute liver failure) underwent emergency right lobe adult-to-adult live-donor liver transplantation in our hospital from April 2007 to December 2007. The +/- s of model for end-stage liver disease score was 33.22 +/- 6.55. The outcomes of these recipients were prospectively analyzed.

RESULTSAmong them, 8 ABO blood group were identical and 2 compatible. One was Rh sub-group negative. Except 2 recipients died (1 acute renal failure caused by veno cava thrombosis, 1 liver graft lose caused by hepatic artery thrombosis), the rest of recipients (80%) and all donors were safe. The mean graft-to-recipient weight ratio was (1.19 +/- 0.14)%, and graft volume to recipient estimated standard liver volume ratio was (65.13 +/- 8.75)%. Right lobe grafts with middle hepatic vein (MHV) 3 cases, without MHV 4 cases, without MHV but followed by V and VIII hepatic vein outflow reconstruction 3 cases. Encouraging outcome was achieved in this group of recipient: elevated serum creatinine, serum endotoxin, decreased serum prothrombin activity (PTA) and total bilirubin returned to normal about on postoperative day (POD) 3, POD 7, POD 14 and POD 28, respectively.

CONCLUSIONSOutcomes of emergency right lobe adult-to-adult live-donor liver transplantation for acute hepatic failure following severe hepatitis are fairly encouraging and acceptable. emergency right lobe adult-to-adult live-donor liver transplantation is an effective and life-saving modality for acute liver failure following severe hepatitis.

Adult ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hepatitis ; complications ; Humans ; Liver Failure, Acute ; etiology ; surgery ; Liver Transplantation ; methods ; Living Donors ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the relationship of expressions of nucleoside diphosphate kinase (nm23) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), as well as apoptosis, with the prognosis of HCC patients by analyzing their pathological and clinical data.

METHODSThe expressions of nm23 and PCNA were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and the apoptotic phenomena were detected by TUNEL technique in the liver samples from 43 HCC tissues, 39 para-neoplastic tissues, and 10 normal tissues. The mean apoptosis index (AI) and proliferative index (PI) in individual sample were calculated.

RESULTSAs shown by the detection, 32.6% of carcinomas had negative nm23 signal in tumor tissues, whereas all para-neoplastic and normal tissues had positive nm23. The AI in nm23 positive HCC was significantly higher than that in nm23 negative one, with statistical difference (P<0.05). Furthermore, the expressions of nm23, and the values of AI and PI were contrastively analyzed with some main pathological and clinical data of HCC. It revealed that HCC with extrahepatic metastasis showed remarkable correlation with the negative nm23 (P=0.013) and higher PI values of HCC (P=0.015). The disease-free survival in HCC patients with negative nm23 expression was significantly poorer than that in patients with positive nm23 expression.

CONCLUSIONSThese data suggest that expressions of nm23 protein in tumor tissues are correlated with occurrences of metastasis and length of survival of the HCC patients, which may be an indicator for their prognosis.

Adult ; Aged ; Apoptosis ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; biosynthesis ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; enzymology ; mortality ; pathology ; Case-Control Studies ; Cell Proliferation ; Disease Progression ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; In Situ Nick-End Labeling ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Liver ; enzymology ; pathology ; Liver Neoplasms ; enzymology ; mortality ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; NM23 Nucleoside Diphosphate Kinases ; biosynthesis ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; biosynthesis

Objective To put forward a method for 3D electrical impedance finite element joint modeling and simulation using COMSOL for visual modeling and Visual C++ for programming.Methods A model was established with COMSOL,and then transformed into a.stl file and introduced into Visual C++ simulation platform.Delaunay tetrahedral mesh generation algorithm was used for finite element meshing,calculation and simulation,and joint modeling and simulation were realized finally.Results Simulation result showed that the method could be used to introduce COMSOL model and complete 3D finite element simulation.Conclusion The method proves its compatibility with the models generated by multi software and practicability for joint modeling and simulation.

Objective:To measure the kinetic parameters of murine plasma albumin synthesis by deuterated water (2H2O).Methods:Twenty SD rats received 2H2O-labelled intraperitoneal injection and drinking.At the end of the 1st,3rd,5th,6th,10th week,every 4 rats was respectively sacrificed by cardiac puncture for blood collection.Plasma albumin was purified by trichloroacetic acid and ethanol,identified by SDS-PAGE and hydrolyzed by hydrochloric acid.The alanine in albumin and plasma was separated,purified and derived.The deuterium enrichments of alanyl unit in albumin and alanine in plasma were determined by GC-MS.The fractional synthesis rate of albumin and synthetic dynamic equation were calculated.Results:The fractional synthesis rate of plasma albumin was 15.3％/w,and synthetic dynamic equation was ft =1.256 × (1-e-0.153t).Conclusion:The kinetic parameters of plasma albumin synthesis can be measured by 2H2O labeling method,which can be applied in the study of physiological and pathological metabolic mechanism.