ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of low dose of dexamethasone on the blood glucose concentration in patients undergoing craniotomy. Methods20 consecutive patients undergoing craniotomy without a preexisting metabolic disorder were prospectively randomized into 1 of 2 groups: Dexamethasone (group D, n=10) and Normal Saline (group S, n=10), who were given dexamethasone 10 mg intravenous bolus or a saline placebo preoperatively. Arterial glucose concentrations were measured immediately before and after treatment and hourly for 5 hours intraoperatively. ResultsThe arterial glucose concentration in group D increased significantly(F=3.133,P<0.05), while those in group S keep stable. Compared with group S, arterial glucose concentration in group D increased significantly 180 min after dosing(P<0.01). ConclusionIf dexamethasone is used during craniotomy, perioperative blood glucose level should be carefully monitored and controled.

Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) is a member of cyclin-dependent kinase family, which does not directly regulate cell cycle. Through phosphorylation of target protein, CDK5 plays an irreplaceable role in the development, reparation and degeneration of neurons. Brain injury refers to the organic injury of brain tissue caused by external force hit on the head. Owing to the stress and repair system activated by our body itself after injury, various proteins and enzymes of the brain tissues are changed quantitatively, which can be used as indicators for estimating the time of injury. This review summarizes the progress on the distribution, the activity mechanism and the physiological effects of CDK5 after brain injury and its corresponding potential served as a marker for brain injury determination.
Brain/physiopathology* ; Brain Injuries/physiopathology* ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5/metabolism* ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/metabolism* ; Neurons ; Neuroprotective Agents/pharmacology* ; Phosphorylation/drug effects* ; Time Factors

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of venetoclax(VEN)combined with azacitidine(AZA)in the treatment of adult acute myeloid leukemia(AML)patients who are unfit for intensive chemotherapy.Methods:The clinical data of 21 adult patients with unfit AML who were treated with VEN combined with AZA in the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from January 2021 to May 2022 were collected,and the efficacy and safety were analyzed retrospectively.Results:After one course of treatment with VEN and AZA,16 out of 21 unfit AML patients reached complete remission(CR)/CR with incomplete hematologic recovery(CRi),2 patients reached partial remission(PR),the overall response rate(ORR)was 85.7％.Among the 16 patients with CR/CRi,13 achieved minimal residual disease(MRD)negativity.Among the 11 patients with adverse prognosis,8 achieved CR/CRi.By the deadline of follow-up,the median overall suivival(OS)of the entire cohort was not reached,with 1-year OS rate of 61.7％.The main adverse events of VEN combined with AZA were myelosuppression,gastrointestinal reactions and infections.There were 13 cases of leukopenia,7 cases of neutropenia,7 cases of anemia,4 cases of thrombocytopenia,and these hematologic adverse events were all grade 3-4.There were 11 cases with gastrointestinal reactions and 7 cases with infections.The above adverse events were controllable and tolerable.No tumor lysis syndrome or infection related death occurred.Conclusion:VEN combined with AZA can quickly achieve deep remission in adult patients with unfit AML,and it shows a good safety profile.

Aim To investigate the effects of TRPV4-Nox2 complex on ROS production and aortic vasodilatory function in mice fed with high-fat diet.Methods Male C57 BL/6J mice and TRPV4 KO mice were randomly divided into seven groups, with 10 mice in each group: normal diet group(ND), high-fat diet group(HFD), TRPV4 KO mice fed with high-fat diet group(TRPV4 KO-HFD), HFD+AAV-Flt1-Vector/Nox2 ▵3 group, TRPV4 KO-HFD+AAV-Flt1 -Vector/Nox2 ▵3 group.Body weight and blood pressure were recorded.14 weeks later primary aortic endothelial cells were isolated for CM-H2DCFDA staining and immuno-FRET assay, and aortic rings were isolated for vascular tone assay.Results ① Obesity significantly increased ROS production, triggered vasodilatory dysfunction and increased the strength of physical coupling between TRPV4-Nox2 complex(P<0.05); ② Decreasing the physical association of TRPV4-Nox2 complex could help reduce obesity-induced increased ROS production and vasodilatory dysfunction(P<0.05); ③ Entrectinib had no effect on the expression and function of TRPV4 and Nox2, but only decreased the physical association of the TRPV4-Nox2, which in turn improved obesity-induced oxidative stress and restored vasodilatory function.Conclusions Reducing the physical association of TRPV4 and Nox2 through Entrectinib can help reduce obesity-induced increase in ROS production and improve vasodilatory function of obese mice.

Because advantage of tissue origin and proliferation potential, the umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSC) and placental chorionic villous-derived mesenchymal stem cells (CV-MSC) have clinical application potential, as compared with bone marrow MSC. But whether the differences of biological characteristics exist between UC-MSC and CV-MSC, which deserve to be further explored. This study was purposed to compare the biological characteristics of UC-MSC and CV-MSC. The placental and umbilical cord were cleaned by using the sterile physiological salt, the UC-MSC and CV-MSC were separated by enzyme digestion. Short tandem repeat (STR) analysis was used to detect whether the MSC obtained from fetal tissue. MTT method was used to detect proliferation of MSC. Flow cytometry was applied to analyze cell phenotype. The different differential medium was used to detect their multi-directional differentiation capacity. After the MSC and PHA-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells were co-cultured, the γ-interferon (IFN-γ) levels of the co-culture supernatant were detected using the ELISA. The results showed that these MSC were derived from fetal tissue by STR analysis. They were adherent cells with typical fibroblast morphology. Cells expressed the MSC surface markers CD90, CD73 and CD105 and CD44, not expressed CD45 and of CD11b and CD34.These cells could differentiate into osteoblasts and adipoblasts under culture with different conditioned medium, but in the adipogenic differentiation of CV-MSC, the larger lipid droplets appeared. It is concluded that these cells are obtained MSC. These MSC can inhibit peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated by PHA to secrete IFN-γ, and the the CV-MSC have a stronger suppression capacity, which makes the CV-MSC to have a greater advantage in the treatment of autoimmune diseases.
Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; Placenta ; cytology ; Pregnancy ; Umbilical Cord ; cytology

Comparing to bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), placenta-derived MSCs have the advantages of adequate sources, low immunogenicity, little risk of viral contamination, and no ethical controversy, and thus possess a better prospect for clinical application. Placental tissue not only includes chorionic and amniotic, but also contains decidua basalis which locate in the maternal placenta surface. The biological characteristics of MSCs isolated from decidua basalis have not been well studied. This study was aimed to investigate the biologic characteristics of placenta decidua basalis-derived MSC from placenta decidua basalis (DB) by enzymatic digestion. Short tandem repeats (STR) test was used to identify the cells derived from the maternal placenta surface. Growth rate of decidua basalis mesenchymal stem cells (DB-MSC) was measured by MTT. Cell cycle and cell phenotype were detected by flow cytometry. Inducing differentiation was used to evaluate multipotency of DB-MSC. For testing the immunosuppression of DB-MSC, they were co-cultured with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC) stimulated by phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and then IFN-γ in the co-cultured media was quantified by ELISA. The results showed that the cells were derived from the maternal placenta by STR analysis. DB-MSC showed typical fibroblast morphology in the culture and were positive for the MSC surface markers: CD90, CD73, CD105, CD44 and negative for CD45, CD11b, and CD34. DB-MSC underwent osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic differentiation in inducing medium. DB-MSC could inhibit the secretion of IFN-γ by PBMNC. It is concluded that the cells are isolated from placenta decidua basalis and possess the basic characteristics of MSC. DB-MSC can be an important maternal autologous MSC and may be a safe and effective treatment for immune system diseases, which makes the DB-MSC as an important source of autologous MSC from mother. DB-MSC can be safely for the treatment of the mother's immune system diseases.
Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Decidua ; cytology ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; Placenta ; cytology ; Pregnancy

Purpose: This study assessed the correlation between Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) biomarkers and the eighth American Joint Committee on Cancer staging system and the prognostic values of IgG antibodies against replication and transcription activator (Rta-IgG), IgA antibodies against Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen 1, and BamH1 Z transactivator (Zta-IgA) in locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients. Materials and Methods: Serum EBV antibody levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 435 newly diagnosed stage III-IVA NPC patients administered intensity-modulated radiation therapy±chemotherapy. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). Results: Rta-IgG and Zta-IgA levels were positively correlated with the N category and clinical stage. Patients with high Rta-IgG levels (> 29.07 U/mL) showed a significantly inferior prognosis as indicated by PFS (77% vs. 89.8%, p=0.004), distant metastasis–free survival (DMFS) (88.3% vs. 95.8%, p=0.021), and local recurrence-free survival (LRFS) (91.2% vs. 98.3%, p=0.009). High Rta-IgG levels were also significantly associated with inferior PFS and LRFS in multivariable analyses. In the low-level EBV DNA group (≤ 1,500 copies/mL), patients with high Rta-IgG levels had significantly inferior PFS and DMFS (both p < 0.05). However, in the high-level EBV DNA group, Rta-IgG levels were not significantly associated with PFS, DMFS, and LRFS. In the advanced T category (T3-4) subgroup, high Rta-IgG levels were also significantly associated with inferior PFS, DMFS, and LRFS (both p < 0.05). Conclusion Rta-IgG and Zta-IgA levels were strongly correlated with the TNM classification. Rta-IgG level was a negative prognostic factor in locoregionally advanced NPC patients, especially those with advanced T category or low EBV DNA level.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effects of Tanguticum Maxim polysaccharide (TMP-1) on TNBS-induced colitis in rats.

METHODRats with TNBS/ethanol-induced colitis were used and treated with TMP-1 and dexamethasone (DX). Seventy-two rats, including animals with TNBS-induced colitis, were treated with saline, TMP-1 (100, 200, 400 mg.kg-1) and DX. White blood cells were counted on the fifth day and the rats were killed by ether on the sixth day. SOD activity in serum, MPO and SOD activity of colonic tissue were measured.

RESULTThe remarkable effects of TMP-1 at dosage of 200, 400 mg.kg-1 on TNBS-induced colitis were observed. The ulcerative area was diminished and weight of colon was reduced. White blood cell population was reduced, SOD activity in serum and SOD activity of colon tissue were remarkably increased, and, MPO activity of colonic tissue was reduced.

CONCLUSIONTMP-1 has significant effects on TNBS-induced colitis in rats with lower side effects, which suggests the effective component of rhubarb on colitis perhaps is TMP. The mechanism of the actions of TMP may relate to its antiflammation, antioxidation and immunoloregulation.

Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; therapeutic use ; Colitis, Ulcerative ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; Colon ; enzymology ; pathology ; Male ; Phytotherapy ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Polysaccharides ; isolation & purification ; therapeutic use ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rheum ; chemistry ; Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid

BACKGROUND: Investigation on epidemiologic features of knee osteoarthritis in many areas of China has been much reported. However, multicenter studies with large samples have been rarely reported. The published papers cannot give a good description about the epidemiologic features of knee osteoarthritis. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the epidemiologic features of knee osteoarthritis in the patients aged over 40 years in China. METHODS: Meta-analysis was used to evaluate the data extracted from papers published 2001-2016 on the epidemiology of knee osteoarthritis in the middle-aged and elderly in China. The prevalence rate of knee osteoarthritis in the patients over 40 years of age was summarized, with every 10 years as group, and then analyzed on Stata 12.0 software. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Twenty-six articles were included, involving 42 199 people aged more than 40 years old. The total prevalence rate of knee osteoarthritis at the age above 40 years old in China was 17.0% (95% CI:16.7%-17.4%),the prevalence rate was 12.3% in male and 22.2% in female(P<0.05).Noticeably,the prevalence rate increased with age.The total prevalence rate in northern China was 16.1%(95% CI:15.6%-16.6%),12.2% in male and 21.4% in female;the total prevalence in southern China was 18.0%(95%CI:17.5%-18.5%), 12.3% in male and 23.1% in female. There was no significant difference in the prevalence rate between northern and southern China(P>0.05).The total prevalence rate in rural China was 23.6%(95%CI:16.7%-30.4%),with 15.4% in male and 28.1% in female;and the total prevalence in urban China was 20.0%(95% CI:16.2%-23.9%),with 13.7% in male and 24.3% in female. There was no significant difference in the prevalence rate between rural and urban China (P > 0.05). These results suggest that knee osteoarthritis in China is a common disease, characterized by increased prevalence with age, relatively significant difference between male and female, but no difference between northern and southern China as well as between rural and urban China. It is of great significance to timely propagate and perform interventional strategies for prevention and treatment of knee osteoarthritis in China.