Objective To evaluate the diagnostic significance of ECG and coronary arteriography (CAG) in coronary heart disease in different age groups. Methods totally 216 cases of suspected or CAG-confirmed coronary heart disease were retrospectively analyzed. The non-elderly group included patients aged 45-59 years, and the elderly one was older than 60. Patients in each group were further divided into subgroup A and B with or without the pain in heart front area, respectively, accompanied by ST-T change in ECG. Comparative analysis of CAG and ECG changes was done between different age groups, and between subgroup A and B. The history of pain in heart front area, serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), platelet count (PLT), and fibrinogen (Fg) were also analyzed for clinical diagnosis. Results In the non-elderly, positive CAG was 88.8% in subgroup A while 56.3% in group B ( P0.05). TC, LDL-C, and Fg were significantly higher in subgroup A than in subgroup B for the elderly group. But in non-elderly, TC, TG, LDL-C, and Fg in subgroup A were significantly higher than those in subgroup B(all P0.05). The history of pain in heart front area was longer in the elderly, and also in this age group, more patients showed multivessel involvement. Conclusions ST-T change of ECG accompanied by classical pain in heart front area is more valuable than single ST-T change in the diagnosis of coronary heart disease, especially among non-elderly patients. ST-T change could not be used simply as a tool to diagnose coronary heart disease. The diagnosis should be made generally considering the typical symptom of the pain in heart front area, clinical history, TC, TG, LDL-C, and Fg. CAG could increase the positive diagnostic rate of coronary heart disease and decrease the rate of misdiagnosis as well.

Gindenosides are the active ingredients of Panax ginseng. 20 (S) -protopanaxadiolocotillol type epimers are the main metabolites of 20 (S) -protopanaxadiol. The previous studies showed that there are stereoselectivity difference in pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics between 24R-epimer and 24S-epimer. The purpose of this study was to explore the excretion of the epimers in bile, feces and urine of rat. Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method has been performed for determination of 24R-epimer and 24S-epimer in bile, feces and urine. 24R-epimer or 24S-epimer was intragastric administered to rats at a single dose of 10 mg x kg(-1). Results showed that after administration the recovery of 24R-epimer and 24S-epimer in feces was 17.69% and 17.09%, respectively, while both of the two epimers were hardly detected in urine. The 48 h cumulative biliary excretion rate of 24R-epimer was 8.01% after administration, while only 1.47% for 24S-epimer. It indicated that there are stereoselectivity in biliary excretion of the epimers with intragastric administration.
Animals ; Bile ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Feces ; chemistry ; Ginsenosides ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Male ; Mass Spectrometry ; Panax ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Stereoisomerism ; Urine ; chemistry

Twelve compounds were isolated from the aerial parts of Achillea alpina by column chromatographies on silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and semi-preparative HPLC. The structures were elucidated on the basis of spectral analysis. The compounds were identified as pellitorine(1), 8,9-dehydropellitorine(2), (E,E)-2,4-undecadien-8, 10-diynoic acid isobutylamide(3), (E,E)-2,4-tetradecadien-8,10-diynoic acid isobutylamide(4),sintenin(5), 4',5,7,8-tetramethoxyflavone(6), chrysoplenetin(7), formononetin(8), aurantiamide(9), asperglaucide(10), artemetin(11), and eupatorin(12). compounds 1-5 were isolated from this plant for the first time, and compounds 6-10 were isolated from the genus Achillea for the first time.
Achillea ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Structure ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization

Objective To study the roles of abnormal expressions of Caspase-8 and protein kinase C(PKC)-β of cardiomyocytes in the development of the apoptosis of cardiomyocyte in diabetic rat. Methods Rats were divided into 4 groups:(1)normal control (NC, n=37),(2)rats given STZ injection and normal diet(STZ,n= 42), (3) rats fed with high fat and high sngar ( HFS, n= 37), (4)rats given STZ injection and high fat and high sugar diet (type 2 DM, n=64). Plasma glucose, insulin and lipids were detected. At the end of experiment, the animals were sacrificed, and their hearts were examined. Pathological changes were observed and the expressions of Caspase-8, PKC-β mRNA were determined by real time-PCR method; apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry. Results (1)The body weight was higher in HFS group than in other three groups, and progressively decreased in type 2 diabetes group. The glucose level was highest in diabetic group, and was similar between groups of HFS and NC. (2)The apoptosis showed tendency to ascend during course of disease in diabetes model group. (3)The expressions of Caspase-8 and PKC-β mRNA were significantly enhanced in diabetes model group than in normal control group, and had a tendency to ascend during the course of disease.(4)The myocardial cells of the diabetic rats were rarified and swelling, fibrosis was observed. (5)At the 16th week, the level of plasma glucose was correlated positively with the expressions of Caspase-8 and PKC-β mRNA. Conclusions The enhancement of expressions of Caspase-8 amd PKC-β may play iportat rols in the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy,in which apoptosis of the cardiomyocytes increased.

Objective To study the dynamic changes of injury and apoptosis of liver induced by lipid metabolic disturbance in the rats with diabetes mellitus and their correlation with the expressions of sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c(SREBP-1c)and c-Jun N-terminal kinase(JNK).Methods Experimental animals were randomly divided into 4 groups:diabetesgroup(n=64)induced by high-carbohydrate and high-fat diet plus intra-peritoneal streptozeotocin(STZ)injection,normal control(n=37)fed regular diet and receiving citric buffer solution injection,STZ group(n=42)fed regular diet and receiving STZ injection,high gluaxeard fat group(n =37)receiving citric buffer solution injection.Body weight,liver weight,fasting plasma glucose(FPG),fasting insulin(FINS),triglyceride(TG),total cholesterole(TC),alanine transaminase(ALT),asparate transaminase(AST)were detected at various time intervals.The changes of liver histopathology and ultrastructure were observed by ES and Sudan Ⅲ stanings,transmission electrom microscope.The expressions of SREBP-1c and JNK mRNAs and proteins were determined by real time-PCR methods.Apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry.Results The diabetic rats showed much lower body weight(P＜0.05)and higher liver weight than controls,STZ group and high-carbohydrate and fat group(P＜0.05),while showed higher levels(P＜0.05)of serum FPG,FINS,TG,TC,ALT,AST.Diabetic rats exhibited fatty degeneration of liver cells accompanied by inflammatory infiltration and fibrosis.Organelle structures were more disturbed and apoptosis was more obviou along with longer course of disease.The expressions of SREBP-1c,JNK proteins and mRNA were significantly enhanced.The rats fed high-carbohydrate and fat diet also showed similar liver lesions and enhanced SREBP-1c,J NK proteins and mRNA expressions but not as severe as in diabetes group Conclusions Insulin resistance and high blood glucose may induce diabetic hepatopathy.The high expressions of JNK and SREBP-1c may play important roles in liver lipid metabolism disorders and cell apoptosis.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of prenatal ultrasonography in the fetal intracranial hemorrhage.MethodsIn a retrospective analysis,the ultrasonographic findings of five fetuses with intracranial hemorrhage diagnosed in our hospital were reviewed and compared with other imagemodalities.ResultsIn the five fetuses with intracranial hemorrhage,the ultrasonographic features mainly includeddilateduni-orbilateralventriclesandintraventricularechogenicfociorperiventricular echodensities.The diagnosis of all cases were confirmed by prenatal magnetic resonance.Four of these cases chose termination of pregnancy,and the other fetus had a normal neurological follow-up after birth.Conclusions Fetal intracranial hemorrhage can be diagnosed accurately by prenatal ultrasonography,especially in the second and third trimester.It is rarely associated with other anomalies.Prenatal sonographic examination may detect the lesion and help to evaluate the prognosis.

Depression is a common emotional disorder that seriously affects people's life and health all over the world. The pathogenesis of depression is complex, and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for antidepressants has a good therapeutic effect because of its multi-component, multi-pathway, and multi-target action mode. At present, the anti-depressive mechanism of TCM has not been fully clarified, but it is clear that depression is closely related to metabolic health. Therefore, in order to further explore the anti-depressive mechanism of TCM, this paper proposes research strategies on the anti-depressive mechanism of TCM based on functional metabolomics from the perspective of metabolism, the potential biomarkers of depression are analyzed with the help of multi-omics combined analysis technology, and the functional molecules of TCM for antidepressant are studied. Molecular biology techniques are used to accurately capture the molecular interactions between biomarkers of depression and functional compounds, which identify effective drug targets and further elucidate the biochemical functions and related mechanisms involved in depression metabolic disorders. This paper systematically reviews the research strategies and applications of functional metabolomics in the anti-depressive mechanisms of TCM, expounds on the core value of functional metabolomics, and summarizes the current research status and hot issues of TCM for antidepressants in recent years, providing new methods and new ideas for the study of mechanisms of TCM with the help of functional metabolomics.

ObjectiveTo investigate effects of pamidronate on the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts of rats in vitro.MethodsOsteoblasts isolated from newborn rat calvaria were treated with various concentrations of pamidronate, the proliferation of osteoblasts was evaluated with the method of methyl thiazole tetrazolium (MTT) and activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in medium was measured with kit of ALP detecting.ResultsThe proliferation of osteoblasts increased under the stimulation of Pamidronate range 10-6-M-10-12 M(P<0.05), but was inhibited at the concentration of high level (10-4 M). The activity of ALP decreased in the experiment.ConclusionPamidronate can act on the osteoblasts directly and increase the proliferation of bone cells, but inhibit the differentiation of the same cells.

Actins ; metabolism ; Adult ; Breast Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Calcium-Binding Proteins ; metabolism ; Cell Differentiation ; Desmin ; metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Fibroadenoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Hamartoma ; pathology ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Leiomyoma ; pathology ; Microfilament Proteins ; metabolism ; Muscle, Smooth ; pathology ; Phyllodes Tumor ; pathology

Objective To discuss the perioperative management of cirrhotic patients undergoing abdominal operation. Methods From Jan. 2000 to Jul. 2007, 93 patients with PHT underwent operation in our hospital. We retrospectively analyzed the data according to different therapy result. Results 21 cases developed postoperative ascites. The occurrence of ascites in patients dealt with PHT and coexistent other abdominal disease was 7% and 12% respectively for Child A and B grade patients. The occurrence of ascites in patients dealt with only abdominal disease was 13% and 17% respectively for Child A and B grade patients. The occurrence of ascites in patients dealt with PHT and abdominal disease was amazingly 83% for Child C cases. Patients suffered from tumors didn't have more risk of ascites than the other patients. Conclusion The proper perioperative management of patients can decrease the mortality. To deal with PHT together with abdominal operation is reasonable for patients in Child A or B liver function, and it would not increase the postoperative ascites. For the selective patients, we must try our best to decrease the ascites preoperatively to improve the condition.