In traditional Chinese medicine,medical practice is combined with qi,which forms special qi-theory.Body fluid which includes blood and Jin-ye is the fluid structure of human being.Nutrient qi and defensive qi depend on these two kinds of body fluid.Defensive qi not only maintains physiological functions of Jin-ye,but also participates pathomechanism such as Jin-ye consumption,retention,etc.The identity of defensive qi and Jin-ye plays an important role in theory and clinic.

To study the effect of physiological conditions on spidroins, we analyzed NTR1SR2CT module secondary structure, aggregation and silk-formation influenced by different salts (in different concentration intervals). According to the full-length Araneus ventricosus MiSp sequence, NTR1SR2CT module was constructed and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3), and the recombinant proteins were purified by denaturation method mediated by 8 mol/L urea. Random coil and helix are the main secondary structures of NTR1SR2CT and could be induced into beta-sheet by drying natively and lyophilization, where methanol can be used as a promoter. Furthermore, potassium and phosphate cations can cause significant NTR1SR2CT protein aggregation and silk-formation. The results could be a basis for the determination of silk-formation mechanism, and also useful for industrialized generation of high performance spider silk-like fibers.
Animals ; Fibroins ; chemistry ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Salts ; chemistry ; Spiders

Objective To realize job satisfaction of doctors from the secondary hospital and its influencing factors and put forward countermeasures for doctor job satisfaction.Methods 2066 doctors from the secondary hospital were investigated by self-made scale,and analyzed by analysis of variance,non-conditional logistic regression analysis and other methods.Results The average score of total job satisfaction of doctors was (3.44±0.95),in which about 57.6% of doctors expressed satisfaction with the current work.The scale of job itself satisfaction had the hisheet score,that was (3.91±0.79),while the scale of job retum satisfaction had the lowest score,that was (2.85±1.16).Leadership behavior played the most decisive role in doctors job satisfaction(sβ=0.7,P<0.01).Condusion The total job satisfaction of secondary hospital doctors is just above the average and doctors are most dissatisfied with the work concentrated in the areas of return and the practice environment.

Gindenosides are the active ingredients of Panax ginseng. 20 (S) -protopanaxadiolocotillol type epimers are the main metabolites of 20 (S) -protopanaxadiol. The previous studies showed that there are stereoselectivity difference in pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics between 24R-epimer and 24S-epimer. The purpose of this study was to explore the excretion of the epimers in bile, feces and urine of rat. Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method has been performed for determination of 24R-epimer and 24S-epimer in bile, feces and urine. 24R-epimer or 24S-epimer was intragastric administered to rats at a single dose of 10 mg x kg(-1). Results showed that after administration the recovery of 24R-epimer and 24S-epimer in feces was 17.69% and 17.09%, respectively, while both of the two epimers were hardly detected in urine. The 48 h cumulative biliary excretion rate of 24R-epimer was 8.01% after administration, while only 1.47% for 24S-epimer. It indicated that there are stereoselectivity in biliary excretion of the epimers with intragastric administration.
Animals ; Bile ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Feces ; chemistry ; Ginsenosides ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Male ; Mass Spectrometry ; Panax ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Stereoisomerism ; Urine ; chemistry

Objective To investigate the epidemiologic features of HIV infections in voluntary blood donors in Zhejiang province.Methods A retrospective study was conducted in 206 cases of HIV-positive blood donors who were found from 2008 to 2010 by blood screening in Zhejiang Province,and the demographic data of those HIV carriers were analyzed using SPSS 16.0 software.Results The HIV-positive rates of voluntary blood donors in 2008,2009 and 2010 were 0.09‰(49/552 585 ),0.11‰( 64/601 639)and 0.15‰(93/600 893),respectively.There were five regions in Zhejiang province where HIV-positive rates exceeded 0.10‰,and the highest one was 0.21‰ in Wenzhou.HIV infection rate of male blood donors was 0.19‰,which was higher than that of female donors (0.02‰,x2 =96.21,P ＜ 0.01 ) ; donors with ages of ＞25-35 had the highest infection rate (0.19‰) among all age groups (x2 =41.94,P ＜0.01 ) ; blood donors with education of junior high school or lower had higher infection rate (0.21‰) than those with education of senior high school and undergraduate or above (0.11‰ and 0.02‰,x2 =78.62,P ＜0.01 ).Infection rate of first-time blood donors in 2008 was 0.12‰,higher than that of repeated donors (0.05‰,x2 =7.26,P＜0.01); while in 2009 and 2010,there was no difference between two groups (x2 =0.16 and 1.35,P ＞ 0.05 ).Blood donors who used mobile donation sites had higher infection rate than those using institutional donation (x2 =18.5,22.0 and 16.8 for 2008,2009 and 2010,P ＜0.01 ).Conclusions The risk of HIV infection is gradually increasing among voluntary blood donors in Zhejiang province.To ensure the blood safety,blood agencies should establish pre-donation health consultation for high-risk blood donors such as young men with low education.

Objective To evaluate the reproducibility of quality intima-media thickness(QIMT) and quality arterial stiffness (QAS) technique in assessment of carotid under different measuring methods.Methods Between December 2012 and January 2014,carotid QIMT and QAS examinations were carried out in 30 health volunteers.QIMT and QAS indicators included IMT in QIMT and distensibility coefficient (DC),compliance coefficient(CC),stiffness index α(α),stiffness index β(β),pulse wave velocity(PWV) in QAS.The measurement employed unilateral/once,bilateral/twice,and unilateral/twice methods.Using intra observer and inter-observer variability,the reproducibility was compared between different QIMT and QAS indicators and measuring methods.Results Extremely high level of intra-observer reproducibility was found for both QIMT and QAS technique (ICC＞0.8).QIMT also showed an excellent inter observer reproducibility (ICC＞0.8).In contrast,the reproducibility of QAS technique varied in different indicators (PWV ＞ β ≈ α ＞ CC ＞ DC) and method ( unilateral/once ＞ bilateral/twice ＞ unilateral/twice).Conclusions QIMT measurement was highly reproducible.Whereas the reproducibility of QAS technique varied in different indicators and methods.Due to low reproducibility,the study result did not support the clinical application of DC indicator and unilateral/once method.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic significance of ECG and coronary arteriography (CAG) in coronary heart disease in different age groups. Methods totally 216 cases of suspected or CAG-confirmed coronary heart disease were retrospectively analyzed. The non-elderly group included patients aged 45-59 years, and the elderly one was older than 60. Patients in each group were further divided into subgroup A and B with or without the pain in heart front area, respectively, accompanied by ST-T change in ECG. Comparative analysis of CAG and ECG changes was done between different age groups, and between subgroup A and B. The history of pain in heart front area, serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), platelet count (PLT), and fibrinogen (Fg) were also analyzed for clinical diagnosis. Results In the non-elderly, positive CAG was 88.8% in subgroup A while 56.3% in group B ( P0.05). TC, LDL-C, and Fg were significantly higher in subgroup A than in subgroup B for the elderly group. But in non-elderly, TC, TG, LDL-C, and Fg in subgroup A were significantly higher than those in subgroup B(all P0.05). The history of pain in heart front area was longer in the elderly, and also in this age group, more patients showed multivessel involvement. Conclusions ST-T change of ECG accompanied by classical pain in heart front area is more valuable than single ST-T change in the diagnosis of coronary heart disease, especially among non-elderly patients. ST-T change could not be used simply as a tool to diagnose coronary heart disease. The diagnosis should be made generally considering the typical symptom of the pain in heart front area, clinical history, TC, TG, LDL-C, and Fg. CAG could increase the positive diagnostic rate of coronary heart disease and decrease the rate of misdiagnosis as well.

Acupuncture Analgesia ; Acupuncture Points ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Catheter Ablation ; Female ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pain Management

AIM: To evaluate the preservation of anterior capsule during vitrectomy and lensectomy.ment (RD) and grade C proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR)underwent pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and pars plana lensectomy (PPL) with preservation and polishing of the anterior capsule. Of the 15 eyes, 4 eyes had giant tear, 3 had recurrent rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD), 2 had diabetic retinopathy. Totally 6 eyes had gas and 9 had silicone oil tamponade. The surgeries were evaluated according to the visual acuity (VA) and the postoperative complications during the follow-up of at least 3 months.in all eyes, improved by 3± 3 lines overall. Eight eyes were implanted posterior chamber intraocular lens (PCIOL) successfully at 2-3 months after operation, including 6 having gas and 2 having silicone oil tamponade. No eyes had central anterior capsule opacity, corneal decompensation, puplillary block, retina redetachment or other complications.an intact anterior capsule in eyes with RD and PVR. Preserving the anterior capsule can help preventing intraoperative and postoperative complications of gas or silicone oil, simplify future PCIOL placement, and maintaining a normal iris appearance.

Objective To compare different noninvasive models in diagnosis of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB).Methods A total of 838 CHB patients admitted in Shenyang Sixth People’ s Hospital during March 2003 and October 2013 were enrolled in the study.All the patients received liver biopsy, blood and ultrasound examinations; the AST-to-ALT ratio ( AAR), AST to platelet ratio index ( APRI) , age platelet index ( API) , cirrhosis discriminant score ( CDS) , spleen to platelet ratio index ( SPRI) and age-spleen to platelet ratio index ( ASPRI) were obtained.Area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) was used to assess the clinical value of noninvasive models in diagnosis of significant liver fibrosis (S2-4), advanced liver fibrosis (S3-4) and early liver cirrhosis (S4).Results Among six noninvasive models, APRI had the lowest value of AUROCs ( <0.7), while ASPRI had the highest AUROCs value in diagnosis of liver fibrosis.The AUROCs of ASPRI in diagnosing significant liver fibrosis, advanced liver fibrosis and early liver cirrhosis were 0.861, 0.873 and 0.881 with the sensitivities of 69.4%, 76.9%and 87.0%, the specificities of 87.9%, 81.5% and 75.8%, the positive predictive values of 90.9%, 74.9%and 46.1%and the negative predictive values of 62.2%, 83.1%and 96.1%, respectively.Taking<5.2 and≥9.7 as the cut-off values for exclude significant liver fibrosis and diagnosis of significant liver fibrosis, respectively, 49.4%(414/838) of the patients may avoid liver biopsy with an accuracy of 92.3%(382/414).Conclusion ASPRI is of value in diagnosing significant liver fibrosis and early liver cirrhosis in patient with chronic hepatitis B, and the number of liver biopsy can be reduced.