This is to report the screening, extracting and validating antitumor components and compounds from Stellera chamaejasme L. under the case of discrete distribution of active data. In this work, different components from Stellera chamaejasme L. were collected by HPD macroporous resin and polyamide resin column, and their antitumor activity on A549 were tested by MTT assay. Activity results indicate that activity of components at 30-39 min is more potent than that of Stellera chamaejasme L. extract, and the activity of components at 33.97 min is equivalent to positive drug, cis-platinum at 100 microg x mL(-1), but with totally different mode of action. Under the case of discrete activity, the weight analysis is capable of screening active components and compounds from natural products.
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor ; Humans ; Thymelaeaceae ; chemistry

Volatile oil components and the contents and types of amino acid in spica of Prunella vulgaris were analysed by GC-MS and amino acid analyzer. Esters, fatty acids, aromatic hydrocarbon, ketone and several alcohol compounds were identified by mass spectrum comparison. In these ingredients, beta-ionone smelled aroma of cedar, raspberry, nerolidol showed weak sweet soft orange blossom flavor, neroli tasted sweet and fresh, nerolidol tasted sweet with light aroma of wood, hexadecanal showed a weak aroma of flowers and wax, alpha-sinensal had rich and fresh sweet orange flavor. To some extent, these types of aromatic substances can affect the taste of herbal tea or decoction made of Spica Prunellae. Among amino acids detected, natural amino acids accounted for a larger proportion, and those natural amino acids showed bitterness, slight bitterness, sourness (freshness), sweetness, slight sweetness, sourness (slight freshness). The results indicated that bitter and slightly bitter amino acids have the greatest impacts on the sense of Spica Prunellae.
Amino Acids ; analysis ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; Oils, Volatile ; analysis ; Prunella ; chemistry ; Taste

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics and predisposing factors associated with preoperative anemia in adult femoral shaft fractures.Methods:A retrospective analysis of clinical data from 157 patients presenting with femoral shaft fractures admitted to the department of orthopedics at Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital between June 2018 and June 2022 was conducted. The study cohort comprised 106 males and 51 females, with an average age of 45.06 ± 14.32 years (range: 18-65 years). Based on hemoglobin levels measured within 2 days of admission, patients were stratified into two groups: anemia group (Hb<120 g/L in adult males and Hb<110 g/L in adult females) and non-anemia group. General demographic information, AO fracture types, and clinical characteristics, as well as the results of laboratory examinations for both groups were collected. Subsequently, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted.Results:Out of the 157 patients with femoral shaft fractures, 118 (75.2%) exhibited preoperative anemia (the anemia group). Among them, 75 cases were male, and 43 cases were female, with an average age of 45.84±14.23 years (range: 18-65 years). In terms of fracture AO type, 41 cases were classified as 32A, 19 as 32B, and 58 as 32C. Regarding fracture location, 14 were situated in the upper 1/3 of the femoral shaft, 67 in the middle 1/3, and 37 in the lower 1/3. The causes of injury included 63 cases of motor vehicle accidents, 5 cases of blunt trauma, 40 cases of falls, and 10 cases of other falls, with 65 cases involving multiple injuries. Conversely, 39 patients (24.8%) did not exhibit preoperative anemia (the non-anemia group). Of these, 31 were male, and 8 were female, with an average age of 42.72 ± 14.51 years (range: 19-65 years). In terms of fracture AO type, 24 cases were classified as 32A, 5 as 32B, and 10 as 32C. Regarding fracture location, 3 were situated in the upper 1/3 of the femoral shaft, 19 in the middle 1/3, and 17 in the lower 1/3. The causes of injury included 13 cases of motor vehicle accidents, 5 cases of blunt trauma, 20 cases of falls, and 1 other fall, with 8 cases involving multiple injuries. Univariate analysis revealed statistically significant differences between preoperative anemia and AO fracture type, mechanism of injury, multiple injuries, time from injury to hospital admission, albumin levels, and age ( P< 0.05). Multifactorial logistic regression analysis identified AO type 32C ( OR=3.12, P=0.020), blunt trauma injuries ( OR=0.13, P=0.021), reduced albumin levels ( OR=9.90, P=0.037), and multiple injuries ( OR=3.65, P=0.016) as risk factors for preoperative anemia. Multifactorial logistic regression further revealed that multiple injuries ( OR=5.20, P=0.004) and reduced albumin levels ( OR=5.47, P=0.001) were risk factors for the severity of anemia. Conclusion:AO type 32C fractures, blunt trauma injuries, reduced albumin levels, and multiple injuries were identified as potential contributors to the development of preoperative anemia, with multiple injuries and reduced albumin levels exacerbating the severity of anemia. Clinicians should be vigilant for the occurrence of preoperative anemia in adult femoral shaft fracture patients, particularly those with blunt trauma injuries, multiple injuries, hypoalbuminemia, and AO type 32C fractures.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship between serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) variant levels in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cancer cells disseminating through blood.

METHODSSerum AFP variant levels were measured by crossed immunoaffino-electrophoresis in the presence of lectin before initial surgical treatment in HCC patients. Circulating tumor cells were simultaneously detected in pre-operative blood samples using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for AFP mRNA.

RESULTSForty-six HCC patients with serum AFP positive were studied. Serum AFP variant level > or 20% was showed in 37 patients, among whom there were 22 (59.5%) showing AFP mRNA positive. In contrast, the positive AFP mRNA expression was only observed in 2 out of 9 patients (22.2%) with AFP variant level<20% (x(2)=4.02, P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONIn hepatocellular carcinoma patients, increased AFP variant levels are associated with a haematogenous spread of tumor cells.

Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; RNA, Messenger ; blood ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; alpha-Fetoproteins ; analysis ; genetics

Objectives:To observe the detection rate of coronary artery disease (CAD) by coronary computer tomography angiography (CCTA) in young patients with suspected CAD, and to explore the imaging features and related risk factors of CAD. Methods:Data from 2 099 patients aged≤45 years who underwent CCTA in our hospital due to suspected CAD were retrospectively obtained. The risk factors of CAD in this patient cohort were analyzed, detection rate and imaging features of CAD among≤20, 21~30, 31~40 and 41~45 years subgroups were compared. Presence or absence of coronary plaque, plaque nature and stenosis degree were recorded. Results:CAD was detected in 229(10.9%) out of 2 099 patients. Incidence of male gender, smoking, dyslipidemia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and family history of CAD was significantly higher in CAD group than in non-CAD group (P＜0.05~0.001). Detection rate of CAD significantly increased in proportion with increase of age (F=11.4,P＜0.001) and was 3.1%, 6.2%, 9.7% and 12.9%, respectively in the ≤ 20,21-30,31-40 and 41-45 years groups. The proportion of single-vessel disease (72.5%) was significant higher than the multiple lesion (27.5%) in CAD patients (P＜0.001). There were 183 (56.7%) non-calcified plaques including 39(12.1%) low-attenuation plaques and 54(16.7%) mixed plaques, 86(26.6%) calcified plaques including 72(22.3%) spotty calcified plaques in the 323 diseased vessels. Severe stenosis was found in 158(49.0%) vessels. Conclusions:The prevalence of CAD was 10.9% in this young patient cohort with suspected CAD and imaging features were characterized as single-vessel disease and non-calcified plaques. CCTA should be recommended to young patients with suspected CAD, especially in 30-45-year-old male patients with following risk factors:smoking, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus and family history of CAD.

A simple, rapid and sensitive colorimetric reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) method was established to detect norovirus genotype GII. The method employed a set of six specially designed primers that recognized eight distinct sequences of RNA-dependant RNA polymerase and capsid protein gene for amplification of nucleic acid under isothermal conditions at 65 degrees C for 60 minutes. The amplification process of RT-LAMP was monitored by the addition of HNB (Hydroxy naphthol blue) dye prior to amplification. A positive reaction was indicated by a color change from violet to sky blue and confirmed by agarose electrophoresis. The specificity of the RT-LAMP was validated by detecting several different diarrhea viruses including norovirus genotype GII. The sensitivity was determined by serial dilutions of RNA molecules from in vitro transcription of norovirus genotype GII in parallel with conventional RT-PCR detection. The assay was further evaluated with 93 clinical specimens of diarrhea patients. The results showed that the sensitivity of RT-LAMP was 1 000 copies/microL with a high specificity and the relative sensitivity was at the same level as that of conventional RT-PCR. Positive rate of RT-LAMP in analysis of clinical specimens was approximately the same as that of conventional RT-PCR as well. This colorimetric RT-LAMP assay was potential for rapid detection of norovirus genotype GII on spot due to the observation of visual result with high specificity and sensitivity, time-saving and cost benefit.
Caliciviridae Infections ; diagnosis ; virology ; Colorimetry ; methods ; Feces ; virology ; Genotype ; Humans ; Norovirus ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques ; methods

OBJECTIVETo explore the morbidity, clinical characteristics, diagnosis, metastasis, treatment and prognosis of primary breast lymphoma (PBL).

METHODSFrom January 1960 to August 2007, 49 cases with PBL were treated among 22811 cases of breast malignancy and 7337 cases of malignant lymphoma. The clinical data of these 49 patients, included gender, age, pathologic type, breast X ray and B ultrasound examination results, involved lymph nodes and organs, treatment, survival time, were retrospectively analyzed.

RESULTSFrom 1960 to 2007, the incidence rate of PBL in Tianjin Municipality was 59/10 millions; in details, the incidence rate of PBL for every 10 years was 2/10 millions, 3/10 millions, 0, 13/10 millions and 32/10 millions, respectively. According to circle graph of age, PBL occurred frequently in female aged 30 to 59 years. Most of this group of PBL was non-Hodgkin lymphoma (48 cases). No typical characteristics was found with the examination of breast X ray, B ultrasound and frozen section pathology. Bone marrow (9 cases), lung (7 cases), meninges (4 cases) and ovary (4 cases) were frequently involved organs. The overall 5-year survival rate was 6.1% for the group. The prognosis in patients with radical mastectomy combined chemotherapy was much better than that in patient received super to local mastectomy plus chemotherapy or simple tumor resection plus chemotherapy (5-year survival rates were 21.4%, 0, 0, respectively).

CONCLUSIONSPBL is a kind of rare lymphoma with incidence increasing sharply in the past few decades. The clinical manifestation is atypical. Diagnosis of PBL should adopt histological examination. Radical mastectomy combined chemotherapy could bring better prognosis, but the prognosis is still poor.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Breast Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin ; diagnosis ; pathology ; therapy ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies

Objective To investigate genetic polymorphism of OSU49 locus on Y chromosome among 300 unrelated males in Henan Han population and to assess its value in forensic science. Methods Under the case of informed consent, the blood samples were collected from 300 male individuals in Henan Han. The primer was labeled with florescent. PCR products were separated from ABI 3130 genetic analyzer. According to the typing test results, the sequence of different alleles was analyzed. Result OSU49 locus contained both pentanucleotide and tetranucleotide core sequence. In the Han population of Henan, the motif of OSU49 locus was showed (CTTTC)pCTT(CCCT)7 T(CTTTC)1(TCTT)5(TCCT)m(TCTT)nTCT(TCCT)4. The number of pentanucleotide repeats varied from12 to 17, and the number of tetranucleotide repeats varied from 20 to 30. Nomenclature for allele was according to the length of the fragment. A total of 34 alleles were detected. The gene diversity was 0.9186 and the discrimination power was 0.9155. Conclusion The complex repeats of locus OSU49 was highly polymorphic in Henan Han population, which can be used in forensic science and human genetics studies.

Objective To understand the application of skin disinfectant in neonatal intensive care units(NICUs)nationwide.Methods From April to May 2023,application of skin disinfectant in 93 NICUs nationwide was sur-veyed with convenience sampling method by a self-designed questionnaire.Questionnaire contents included types of disinfectant,disinfection tools,cleaning and disinfection frequency,disinfectant drying status,removal of disinfec-tant,and adverse reactions caused by disinfectant.Results A total of 93 nursing units in 71 medical institutions from 25 provinces/municipalities were included in this study.In NICUs,three most commonly used disinfectants were ethanol(79.57％),iodophor(74.19％),and anerdian(62.37％).In nursing units for neonates＜2 months of age,chlorhexidine was prohibited in 28 units(30.11％),used with caution in 23 units(24.73％),allowed in 9 units(9.68％),and there was no unified requirement in 33 units(35.48％).When using ethanol,staff only wiped once in 13(17.57％)nursing units.In some nursing units,there was no unified requirements on the wiping fre-quency of disinfectant.As for the removal of residual iodine,saline was used in 29(42.03％)nursing units,ethanol in 8(11.59％),and 19(27.54％)did not have unified requirements.The adverse reactions of disinfectant mainly included rash and contact dermatitis.Disinfectants that caused adverse reactions included ethanol,iodophor,aner-dian,and chlorhexidine.Conclusion In clinical practice,unified standards for the use of neonatal skin disinfectant remain absent.Selection and use of neonatal skin disinfectant vary considerably.Neonatal skin disinfectants have common adverse reactions.It is necessary to strengthen the training of health care workers on the standardized use of disinfectant,as well as carry out large-scale and rigorous randomized controlled trial designs to provide scientific basis for the correct selection of disinfectant.

Objective To study the pharmacokinetic characteristics of the test formulation of compound lidocaine cream and reference formulation of lidocaine and prilocaine cream in Chinese healthy subjects and to evaluate whether there is bioequivalence between the two formulations.Methods A single-center,single-dose,randomized,open-label,two-period,two-sequence,crossover design was used.This study included 40 healthy subjects,and in each period,test formulation or reference formulation 60 g was applied to the skin in front of both thighs(200 cm2 each side,a total of 400 cm2)under fasting conditions,and the drug was left on for at least 5 h after application.The concentrations of lidocaine and prilocaine in plasma were determined using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS)method.Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using WinNonlin 8.0 software to evaluate the bioequivalence of the two formulations.Results After the application of the test formulation compound lidocaine cream and the reference formulation lidocaine and prilocaine cream on both thighs of the subjects,the pharmacokinetic parameters of lidocaine in plasma were as follows:Cmax were(167.27±91.33)and(156.13±66.86)ng·mL-1,AUC0-t were(1 651.78±685.09)and(1 636.69±617.23)ng·mL-1·h,AUC0-∞ were(1 669.85±684.65)and(1 654.37±618.30)ng·mL-1·h,the adjusted geometric mean ratios were 104.49％,101.88％and 101.89％,respectively,with 90％confidence intervals of 98.18％-111.20％,97.80％-106.13％and 97.87％-106.07％,all within the range of 80.00％-125.00％.The pharmacokinetic parameters of prilocaine in plasma were as follows:Cmax were(95.66±48.84)and(87.52±39.16)ng·mL-1,AUC0-t were(790.86±263.99)and(774.14±256.42)ng·mL-1·h,AUC0_m were(807.27±264.67)and(792.84±254.06)ng·mL-1 h,the adjusted geometric mean ratios were 107.34％,103.55％and 102.98％,respectively with 90％confidence intervals of 101.69％-113.31％,99.94％-107.30％and 99.65％-106.43％,all within the range of 80.00％-125.00％.Conclusion The test formulation compound lidocaine cream and the reference formulation lidocaine and prilocaine cream are bioequivalent.