Objective To preliminarily understand the infection of Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) in Cangyuan County, a southern border area of Yunnan Province, and provide a reference basis for the prevention and control of Chikungunya fever. Methods In April 2020, a total of 400 serum samples from individuals seeking medical care at the People's Hospital of Cangyuan County in Yunnan Province were collected. Among these, 121 samples were from healthy individuals undergoing physical examinations, and 279 samples were from patients with fever. The serum samples collected underwent CHIKV neutralizing antibody testing using a serum micro-neutralization assay. Real-time fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR was used to detect CHIKV nucleic acid in the samples, followed by analysis of the test results. Results The results of neutralizing antibodies showed that 18 of the 400 human serum samples were positive for neutralizing antibodies against CHIKV, with an overall positivity rate for serum samples of 4.5% (18/400). Among the 279 serum samples collected from patients with fever, 18 were positive for neutralizing antibodies against CHIKV, with a positive rate of 6.45% (18/279), and the neutralizing antibody titers ranged from 1∶10 to 1∶320. The results of 121 healthy human serum samples were negative for neutralizing antibodies against CHIKV. The results of real-time fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR showed that 3 of the 400 human serum samples were positive for CHIKV nucleic acid, and the positive rate was 0.75% (3/400). Among the 279 serum samples collected from patients with fever, 3 samples were positive for CHIKV nucleic acid, with a positive rate of 1.08% (3/279), and Ct values ranged from 36.58 to 37.74. While all healthy human serum samples were negative for CHIKV nucleic acid. Conclusions The findings indicate that infection of CHIKV exists in the population of Cangyuan County, a southern border area of Yunnan Province, and an outbreak of the disease is occurring. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the monitoring, prevention, and control of CHIKV in this area.

Objective To explore the value of dynamic monitoring of the neutrophils/lymphocyte ratio ( NLR ) in peripheral blood for the prognosis of patients with bloodstream infection ( BSI ). Methods A retrospective study was conducted. 205 patients who were≥18 years old, their length of hospital stay>24 hours, and they were treated in the China-Japanese Friendship Hospital from January 2013 to October 2014 were enrolled. According to the 28-day survival, the patients were divided into survival group ( n=160 ) and death group ( n=45 ). The white blood cell ( WBC ), neutrophils count ( NEU ), neutrophils ratio ( Neut%), lymphocyte count ( LYM ), lymphocyte ratio ( Lym%), and NLR in peripheral blood were recorded at 1, 3, 7 days after admission. Receiver-operating characteristic curve ( ROC ) was plotted for evaluating the value of these factors on the 28-day prognosis, and logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the risk factors for predicting the outcome. Results ①On the 1st day, WBC, NEU, Neut%, NLR, and procalcitonin ( PCT ) in the death group were significantly higher than those in the survival group [ WBC (×109/L ):15.28±8.23 vs. 11.58±6.55, NEU (×109/L ):13.34±7.53 vs. 10.03±5.31, Neut%:0.886±0.076 vs. 0.845±0.102, NLR:21.20 ( 13.10, 28.80 ) vs. 12.08 ( 6.81, 20.47 ), PCT (μg/L ):3.13 ( 0.85, 10.12 ) vs. 1.34 ( 0.36, 5.81 ), P<0.05 or P<0.01 ], while hemoglobin ( Hb ), platelet count ( PLT ), albumin ( ALB ) content were significantly lower than those of the survival group [ Hb ( g/L ):86.09±19.83 vs. 107.89±22.82, PLT (×109/L ):157.51±117.81 vs. 195.44±97.28, ALB ( g/L ):24.11±6.94 vs. 31.99±6.89, P<0.05 or P<0.01 ]. On the 3rd day and 7th day, WBC, NEU and NLR in the death group were significantly higher than those of the survival group [ WBC (×109/L ):16.61±10.25 vs. 8.91±4.93, 16.05±9.46 vs. 8.79±4.45; NEU (×109/L ): 14.15±9.98 vs. 6.97±4.64, 14.36±9.03 vs. 6.59±4.07; NLR: 24.13 ( 8.49, 38.26 ) vs. 5.52 ( 3.58, 8.87 ), 17.74 ( 10.74, 32.85 ) vs. 4.35 ( 2.78, 7.27 ), all P<0.01 ], and the LYM and Lym%were significantly lower than those in the survival group [ LYM (×109/L ):0.61 ( 0.38, 1.04 ) vs. 1.05 ( 0.78, 1.43 ), 0.69 ( 0.35, 0.92 ) vs. 1.37 ( 0.93, 1.76 );Lym%:0.039 ( 0.024, 0.101 ) vs. 0.135 ( 0.094, 0.186 ), 0.056 ( 0.033, 0.082 ) vs. 0.170 ( 0.108, 0.237 ), all P<0.01 ].②It was shown by ROC curve that the maximum area under the ROC curve ( AUC ) of WBC, NEU, Neut%, LYM, Lym%, and NLR about prognosis of BSI were observed on 7 days ( 0.777, 0.819, 0.905, 0.755, 0.880, 0.887 ). Based on Neut%>0.855 on the 7th day as a predictor of cut-off value of death in 28 days, the sensitivity was 78.8%, specificity 89.1%, respectively. When Lym%<0.088 on the 7th day as a predictor of cut-off value of death on 28 days, the sensitivity was 89.5%, and specificity was 83.9%. When NLR>10.34 on the 7th day as a predictor of cut-off value of death in 28 days, the sensitivity was 81.8%, and specificity was 91.0%.③Survival analysis showed that the 28-day survival rate in the patients with 7-day NLR<10.34 was significantly higher than that in those with 7-day NLR>10.34 ( 95.0%vs. 34.1%,χ2=82.650, P=0.000 ).④It was shown by multi-factor logistic regression analysis that the levels of 1-day Hb and 7-day NLR were the independent prognostic predictors of 28-day mortality [ Hb: odds ratio ( OR ) = 0.946, 95% confidence interval ( 95%CI ) = 0.913-0.981, P = 0.003; 7-day NLR:OR=34.941, 95%CI=8.728-139.884, P=0.000 ]. Conclusions The trend of changes in NEU, LYM and NLR as shown by repeated routine blood examinations contributes to prediction of the outcome of patients with BSI. The levels of 1-day Hb and 7-day NLR are the independent prognostic predictors for 28-day mortality.

Objective To realize the incidence of healthcare-associated infection (HAI),the rate of invasive procedure and related infection rate,use of antimicrobial agents and distribution of pathogens in gereral intensive care units (GICUs) of hospitals in China.Methods HAI cross-sectional investigation data of GICUs reported to China HAI Surveillance Net-work were summarized and analyzed.Results Of 1 313 hospitals,621(47.30%)had GICUs;a total of 5 887 patients were surveyed,1 634 patients developed 1 962 times of infection,HAI prevalence rate and case rate was 27.76% and 33.33%respectively.The main infection sites were lower respiratory tract(70.39%),urinary tract (12.79%)and blood(2.86%). The application rate of urinary catheter,arteriovenous catheter and ventilator was 53.52%(n=3 151),37.05%(n=2 181) and 35.62%(n=2 097)respectively,and related prevalence of urinary tract infection,pneumonia and blood stream infection was 4.67%,20.41%,and 0.60%,respectively,which accounting for 58.57%,30.99%,and 23.21 % of urinary tract infection,pneumonia and blood stream infection respectively,the overall prevalence of above invasive procedure-re-lated infection accounted for 29.97%(588/1 962)of the overall HAI prevalence.A total of 1 795 isolated pathogens causing HAI were detected,the top three were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (20.78%),Acinetobacter baumannii(17.99%)and Klebsiella pneumoniae (11 .64%).The usage rate of antimicrobial agents was 71 .58%(n=4 214), rate of specimens delivered for detection was up to 75.27%(2 553/3 392).Conclusion Prevalence and antimicrobial use in patients in GICUs are all high,all kinds of invasive procedure are frequent,30% of HAI are related to inva-sive procedure;infection caused by non-fermentative bacteria is serious,pathogen detection is well performed.

Objective This study aims to comprehensively investigate the molecular characteristics of the predominant circulating Dengue virus type 1 (DENV-1) during the 2019 Dengue fever outbreak in Xishuangbanna, providing an essential insight to support the prevention and control of dengue fever in the local area. Methods A Dengue virus type 1 (DENV-1) strain, designated as JHS45, isolated from the blood of a febrile patient in Xishuangbanna in 2019, underwent a process of inoculation and cultivation in C6/36 cells. Second-generation sequencing was employed to capture the viral genetic sequence. Bioinformatics software, including CLC, was used for assembling the sequencing data. Sequentially, sequence alignment, construction of a phylogenetic tree, and analysis of amino acid sites were conducted using software such as Lasergene and MEGA6.1. Results Cytopathic effects of JHS45 appeared in C6/36 cells after 6 days. After sequencing and assembly, a 10 687-nucleotide (nt) long sequence of the JHS45 virus was obtained (GenBank accession number: OR593353). Genetic evolutionary analysis revealed that the JHS45 virus formed an evolutionary branch with DENV-1 genotype I viruses prevalent in Xishuangbanna, Guangzhou, Henan, and Zhejiang in China during 2019, as well as the DENV-1 genotype I virus prevalent in Thailand in 2013, with nucleotide homology of 97.6% to 99.9% and amino acid homology of 99.1% to 100%. Further analysis revealed that the JHS45 strain shared a smaller evolutionary branch with the DENV-1 genotype I viruses prevalent in Xishuangbanna (MW386863) and Guangzhou (MW261839) in 2019, showing the highest homology with nucleotide and amino acid homology of 99.9% and 100%, respectively. Amino acid differential site analysis between the JHS45 strain and the DENV-1 prevalent in Xishuangbanna since 2015 revealed 40 amino acid differential sites in the coding region of the JHS45 virus, primarily concentrated in the NS3 and NS5 regions of non-structural proteins. Conclusion The comprehensive analysis of the JHS45 strain's whole genome sequence indicates it is a DENV-1 genotype I virus. The genetic evolutionary relationship between this Xishuangbanna dengue fever outbreak is closely related to the prevalent virus strains in Xishuangbanna, Guangzhou, Henan, and Zhejiang. These findings provide a robust scientific foundation for monitoring dengue fever outbreaks, conducting virus evolution studies, and shaping effective prevention and control strategies, not only within Yunnan Province but also on a broader scale throughout China.

Thermogravimetry (TG), TG-MS, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM)-energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS) were adopted to investigate the pyrolysis characteristics of calamina. According to the findings of the qualitative and quantitative studies on the changes in the content of relevant elements, the whole shape, the functional groups, and the volatile components of calamina before and after being pyrolyzed, the 200-360, 580-750 degrees C were two sensitive temperature ranges related to the changes in effective component during calamina processing. Thermal weight loss was observed for ZnCO3, Zn(OH)2 and ZnCO3-2Zn(OH)2-H2O under 200-360 degrees C and for CaCO3 under 580-750 degrees C. The results of studies on chemical reaction kinetics showed good linear relations. This experiment integrated relevant methods and theories of physical chemistry and science of traditional Chinese medicine processing, and interpretes calamina processing techniques and mechanism, in order to provide a good example for modem studies on other traditional Chinese medicine processing.
Drug Combinations ; Drug Compounding ; methods ; Ferric Compounds ; chemistry ; Kinetics ; Temperature ; Zinc Oxide ; chemistry

Objective: To analyze the relationship between thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor ( TAFI ) and coronary heart disease ( CHD ), and to provide evidence for the prevention of CHD. Methods: The patients with CHD in Fushun Central Hospital in Liaoning Province were selected as the case group, the patients without CHD in the same hospital and period were selected as the control group. The demographic information and clinical examination results ( serum TAFI, lipid, glucose, etc. ) were collected to analyze the association between TAFI and CHD by logistic regression models.The multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to explore the relationship between TAFI and CHD. Results: There were 222 cases, including 100 cases of stable angina, 44 cases of unstable angina and 78 cases of acute myocardial infarction, and 222 controls. The median ages of cases and controls were 62 and 57 years old. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that serum TAFI>22.88 μg/mL ( P75 of controls ) was associated with the risk of CHD ( OR=1.619, 95%CI: 1.011-2.593 ), unstable angina ( OR=2.917, 95%CI: 1.433-5.939 ) and acute myocardial infarction ( OR=2.626, 95%CI: 1.007-6.847 ). Conclusion The high level of TAFI is related to CHD, unstable angina and acute myocardial infarction.

Objective To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of bladder dysfunction after radical resection of rectal carcinoma.Methods One hundred and sixty-five patients with bladder dysfunction after radical resection of rectal carcinoma were observed by urodynamic study.The results included maximum urinary flow rate,postvoid residual,urine volume,pressure of detrusor,maximum urethral closure pressure.These patients were treated by different methods.Results Bladder with underactive detrusor were 116 patients,109 patients returned to normal voiding after 3 months,7 patients were performed with suprapubic cystostomy.Detrusor overactivity were 42 patients,insufficiency of urethral sphincter were 7 patients,all symptoms of them improved after treatment.Conclusion Patients with bladder dysfunction after radical resection of rectal carcinoma should do check to clear etiology,according to the results to take the appropriate means to treatment.

OBJECTIVETo observe effects and mechanism of Dinggui gel paste analgesic anti-inflammatory.

METHODSEighty-four male KM mice weighted from 18 to 22 g and aged 4 to 5 weeks were randomly divided into 7 groups, named blank group, model group, matrix control group, Votalin group, high dosage of Dinggui gel paste group with group, equivalent dosage of Dinggui gel paste group, Dinggui gel paste group, 12 mice in each group. Except blank and model group, the other groups were paste ointment for 7 days, and one time a day, matrix control group were pasted isodose blank matrix gel patch. Pain threshold were tested at 30, 60, 90 and 120 min after the last ad-ministration. Hot plate test were performed by injection of 5% formalin for 20 µL on right hindfoot sole after the last administration. The cumulative time of mice licking right rear foot were observed at stage of I and II, and content of IL-1, TNF-α were tested by ELISA method. Differences of weight between right and left ears were measured by ear swelling method and anti-inflammation experiment.

RESULTSIn hot plate test at 90 min, pain threshold in equivalent dosage of Dinggui gel paste group was (24.87 ± 14.67) s and (15.28 ± 8.23) s in model group; (26.33 ± 15.45) s in high dosage of Dinggui gel paste group and (15.31 ± 5.02) s in model group at 120 min in hot plate test, there were no statistical differences between two groups. Pain period at stage I, licking cumulative time in high dosage of Dinggui gel paste group was (66.70 ± 22.83) s and (101.80 ± 33.65) s in model group,and had significant differences between two groups; there were statistical differences in licking cumulative time at stage I of pain period among high dosage of Dinggui gel paste group (51.30 ± 43.60)s, equivalent dosage of Dinggui gel paste group (64.00 ± 47.27) sand model group (109.50 ± 36.78) s. Content of IL-1 in model group was (28.70 ± 8.24) ng/L and (13.33 ± 2.20) ng/L in high dosage of Dinggui gel paste group, there was obvious meaning between two groups; There were significant differences in TNF-α content among model group (93.60 ± 23.65) ng/L,high dosage of Dinggui gel paste group (63.21 ± 10.54)ng/L and equivalent dosage of Dinggui gel paste group (72.69 ± 16.26) ng/L; while there were no statistical meaning in ear swelling degree among model group (5.73 ± 0.80) mg,high dosage of Dinggui gel paste group (5.42 ± 0.68) mg and equivalent dosage of Dinggui gel paste group (4.98 ± 1.52) mg.

CONCLUSIONDinggui gel paste could increase pain threshold, reduce licking accumulative time, and decrease ear swelling degree, and relief pain by regulating level of TNF-α and IL-1.

Analgesics ; administration & dosage ; Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; administration & dosage ; Dosage Forms ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Interleukin-1beta ; genetics ; immunology ; Interleukin-6 ; genetics ; immunology ; Male ; Mice ; Ointments ; Pain ; genetics ; immunology ; Pain Management ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; genetics ; immunology

BACKGROUND:Col agen/bioactive glass composite materials possess excellent osteogenic potential and biocompatibility, but its application in bone tissue engineering is limited by mechanical property and degradation. OBJECTIVE:To construct col agen/bioactive glass/chitosan composite scaffolds with good mechanical property, anti-degradation ability and bone repair property.
METHODS:Bioactive glass/col agen composite scaffolds with chitosan as dispersant were prepared by lyophylization. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, and dynamic biomechanical testing were used to characterize the structure and properties of the composite scaffolds. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Results show that charge-attractions in pre-prepared bioactive glass/chitosan solution increased the homogeneity of bioactive glass dispersed in col agen gel and the compressive modulus and strength increased significantly due to the homogeneity and intermolecular interactions between chitosan and col agen. The enzymatic degradation rate and mineralization activity in the simulated body fluid were also lower because of a high degree of embedment of bioactive glass in col agen/chitosan matrix, and entanglement of col agen in chitosan at molecular level, which decreased the exposure of bioactive glass to the simulated body fluid, and col agen to enzyme solution.

By functional plates,16 strains which can produce?-mannana-se were isolated frnm 28 Bacillus spp.Using a pair of degenerated primers,the conserved fragments of?-mannanase gene from the selected strains were amplified by PCR.The obtained nucleotide fragments were sequenced and compared with the homologous?-mannanase genes in GenBank and a phylogenetic tree was generated.Comparing to the genes coding?-mannanase published,the cloned nucleotide fragments show the highest sequence identity between 62% and 98%.The genes coding fnr?-mannanase of Bacillus circulus have low identity while the?-mannanase genes of Bacillus subtilis and other Bacillus spp. have high identity.