Objective\ To find out the relationship between the periaqueductal gray (PAG) and the audiogenic seizures. Methods The neuronal(Nissl)staining method and the immunocytochemical method were used to identify the Fos postive neurons in the PAG of the audiogenic seizures prone rats(P77PMC) after audiogenic seizures. Results There were lots of Fos positive neurons in the dorsolateral, dorsal and caudoventrolateral subdivisions of the PAG in P77PMC rats two hours post seizure, and the percentage of Fos positive neurons was significant higher than that of rats in control groups. Conclusion A large number of neurons in the PAG of the audiogenic seizures prone rats participated in the process of the audiogenic seizures.

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical effect ofcarboprost tromethamine combined with uterine strap suture in hemorrhage during cesarean section.MethodsSixty patients with hemorrhage during cesarean section were selected and divided by random digits table method into observation group and control group with 30 cases each.The patients in observation group were treated with carboprost tromethamine combined with uterine strap suture,while the patients in control group were treated with carboprost tromethamine alone.The clinical effect,blood loss,blood transfusion cases,transfusion volume and the occurrence of recurrent hemorrhage and complication of two groups were compared.ResultsCompared with control group,the efficiency in observation group was significantly higher [93.33％(28/30) vs.70.00％ (21/30),P＜ 0.05];blood loss,blood transfusion cases,transfusion volume and recurrent hemorrhage rate of observation group were obviously lower [ (603.35 ± 52.62) ml vs.(689.17 ± 50.36) ml,3 cases vs.10 cases,(640.21 ±63.58) ml vs.(726.17 ±68.74) ml,3.33％(1/30) vs.26.67％(8/30),P ＜0.05];the occurrence rate of complication of two groups had no statistical significance (P ＞ 0.05).ConclusionsCarboprost tromethamine combined with uterine strap suture can improve the clinical effect of patients with hemorrhage during cesarean section,decrease blood loss and transfusion volume,and reduce the recurrent hemorrhage rate.

AIM: To compare the therapeutic effects and adverse reactions of nicardipine and labetalol injection in treating acute and severe hypertensions. 　METHODS: Sixty-seven patients in nicardipine group (M 46, F 21; age 52 a± s 11 a) were given nicardipine 2 mg in 0.9 % sodium chloride or 5 % glucose injection 10 mL within 2 min iv, first, and then given 30 mg nicardipine in 0.9 % sodium chlocide or 5 % glucose injection 250 mL by continual intravenous infusion for 6 h. Sixty-one patients in labetalol group (M 41, F 20; age 53 a±9 a) received 50 mg labetalol in 5 % glucose injection 20 mL by intravenous once. The treatment could be repeated every 15 min, in case it was less effective, but the total dose should be no more than 200 mg.　RESULTS: The treatment for the nicardipine group and the labetalol group, reached the marked effect within 5 min. The total marked effective rate was all 100 % (P>0.05). Severe adverse reactions occured in the two patients (one occured significantly lowering of blood pressure, and the other aggravated asthma) in the labetalol group. 　CONCLUSION: Intravenous nicardipine and labetalol are fast and smooth in reducing the blood pressure of the patients with acute and severe hypertension, but the safety of nicardipine is superior to that of labetalol

Purpose To evaluate papillary muscle function in ischemic mitral regurgitation (IMR) with two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging (2D-STI) and three-dimensional ultraphonic technology,and to investigate the primary factors influencing IMR so as to provide clinical information for the prediction of IMR.Materials and Methods Seventy-six IMR patients were enrolled as research group and other 66 healthy volunteers as control group.Two groups were both examined by transthoracic echocardiography and 2D-STI.The parameters including fractional shortening of anterior and posterior papillary muscles (AFS,PFS),length of anterior or posterior papillary muscle tips to contralateral anterior mitral annular (APM-AMA,PPM-AMA),mitral leaflet closure (MLC),inter distance papillary muscle (IPMD),the angle between the anterior papillary muscle and the anterior LV free wall (Ang Ⅰ) and the angle between the posterior papillary muscle and the anterior LV free wall (Ang Ⅱ),anterior and posterior papillary muscle longitudinal strain (ALS,PLS) and peak time (APT,PPT),delay time (DT),left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVIDD),left ventricular end-diastole volume (LVEDV),and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were compared.Results Compared with control group,LVIDD,LVEDV,LVEF,AFS,PFS,IPMD,MLC,ALS,PLS and DT in research group were all significantly different (all P＜0.05).ALS,PLS,AFS,and PFS had positive correlation with LVEF (P＜0.05) and negative correlation with LVEDV (P＜0.05).MLC,IPMD,DT had negative correlation with LVEF (P＜0.05).ALS,PLS,MLC,AFS,PFS,IPMD were significantly correlated with Gensini score (r=-0.65,-0.78,0.54,-0.51,-0.57,0.49,respectively,P＜0.05).The multivariant Logistic regression analysis showed that IMR was correlated with IPMD,MLC,PLS and DT (OR=1.26,1.32,1.37,1.52,respectively,P＜0.05).Conclusion 2D-STI can accurately evaluate the papillary muscle dysfunction caused by myocardial ischemia.Moreover,the risk factors of IMR include increase of IPMD and MLC,decrease of PLS,and desynchronization of papillary muscles.These findings contribute to the clinical prediction of IMR.

Objective To investigate papillary muscle function and construction in myocardial infarction(MI) patients by two-dimensional speckles tracking imaging(2D-STI),and to analyze the influence factors of ischemic mitral regurgitation.Methods Fifty myocardial infarction with ischemic mitral regurgitation(IMR) patients were brought into case group.The patients were divided into two groups:Ant MI group and Inf-Pos-MI group.Forty-five health volunteers were involved as control group.Anterior,posterior papillary muscle longitudinal strain (ALS,PLS),delay time(DT),fractional shortening (FS),length between the posterior or anterior papillary muscle tips and the contralateral anterior mitral annualr (APM AMA,PPM AMA),mitral leaflet closure (MLC),inter distance papillary muscle (IPMD) were aquired respectively.Papillary muscle function and construction among the groups were compared,and the effective factors of IMR were evaluated.Results Between the control group and Ant-MI group,the left ventricular end-diastolic diameter(LVEDD),left ventricular end-diastolic and end-systolic volume(LVEDV,LVESV),left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),ALS,delay time(DT),A FS,IPMD,MLC,APM-AMA,PPM-AMA were significantly different(all P ＜0.05).Between the control group and Inf-Pos-MI group the LVEDD,LVEDV,LVESV,EF,DT,PPM-AMA,MLC,PLS,P-FS were significantly different(P ＜0.05).Between the Ant-MI group and Inf-Pos-MI group,the LVEDD,LVEDV,LVESV,EF,MLC,ALS,PPM-AMA,PLS were significantly different (all P ＜ 0.05).In the Ant-MI group,LVEDV,ALS,MLC were significantly correated with Gensini score(r =0.71,-0.65,0.56;P ＜0.05).In the Inf-Pos-MI group,PPM AMA,PLS were significantly correated with Gensini score(r =0.65,-0.76;P ＜0.05).In the Ant MI group and Inf-Pos-MI group,the ALS,PLS,PPM-AMA were significantly different (P ＜ 0.05).Its correlates in Logistic analysis of Ant-MI group included LVEDV,MLC,DT with OR 1.48,1.72,1.54(P ＜0.05),respectively.Its correlates in logistic analysis of Inf Pos-MI group included PLS,PPM-AMA,DT with OR 1.78,1.57,1.56 (P ＜0.05),respectively.Conclusions There are different extent of damage of papillary muscle function and construction in Ant-MI group and Inf-Pos-MI group.The increases of LVEDV and MLC and desynchronization of PMs are risk factors of IMR in Ant-MI group.The increases of PMP-AMA,decrease PLS and desynchronization of PMs are risk factors of IMR inInf-Pos-MI group.

This paper discusses project management of translational medicine in several important aspects:scientific planning,platform constructing,team building,process management,technology transfer,protection of intellectual property rights,supervision on ethics,and project funding system of the institutions.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related thyroid dysfunction is a common complication in patients with chronic hepatitis C,including Graves' disease,Hashimoto thyroiditis,destructive subacute thyroiditis,hyperparathyroidism or hypothyroidism,with or without abnormal autoantibodies or thyroidrelated antibodies.The possible pathogenesis of HCV-related thyroid dysfunction includes bystander activation,molecular mimicry,effects of interferon and susceptibility associated with genetic polymorphism on particular locus.By now,there is still no criteria for diagnosis and treatment of HCV-related thyroid dysfunction.For patients with mild HCV-related thyroid dysfunction,observation may be appropriate; and for those with serious symptoms,anti-thyroid drug,levothyrocine,surgery or symptomatic treatment may be applied according to clinical symptoms.This paper gives an overview of the prevalence,clinical characteristics and possible pathogenesis of HCV-related thyroid dysfunction.

SUMMARY Neuroreceptor imaging with radionuclide tracing in vivo has been greatly developed recently.Distribution,density,and activity of receptors in the brain can be visualized by the radioligands labeled for emission computed tomography(ECT),including PET(positron emission tomography)and SPECT(single photon emission computed tomography).The functional and quantitative imaging for several receptors,such as dopamine receptors,serotonin receptors,cholinergic receptors,benzodiazepine receptors,and opioid receptors,has clinical importance.The preparation of receptor imaging agents,foundation of the physio-mathematical model,and the development of nuclear medicine instruments are the main points.In the present review,we will concentrate on introducing the development of brain receptor imaging.

Objective:To investigate effectiveness of exposure and ritual prevention of patients with obsession-compul-sive disorder(OCD),so as to provide references for professionals in clinical psychology.Methods:One female patient with severe OCD received 3 weeks intensive exposure and ritual prevention treatment.In order to investigate the effectiveness,she completed Symptom Check List 90 and Yale Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale(SCL-90 and YBOCS) at pre-treat-ment,mid-treatment and post-treatment.Results:After treatment,the patient's scores of questionnaires reduced,such as score on YBOCS reduced from 38 to 9.She reported that her washing time reduced obviously and her own measure of dis-tress index reduced.Conclusion:Exposure and ritual prevention could treat the patient with OCD effectively.Her distress reduced and life function was improved.

Hybrid operating room is used and spread in China with the development of medical equipment and the integration of medical technology. As a new equipment and advanced technology, it faced some questions and challenges on its construction and development. We analyzed the definition, classification, construction and use which combined the development history and clinical application, and proposed some suggestions on how to strengthen the development and construction of hybrid operating room.