Objective To investigate the influence of a combination of Chinese herbs,Astragalus membranaceus var.mongholicus and A ngelica sinensis (A&A)on the production and elimination of reactive oxygen species (ROS)and the underlying mechanism during the process of renal interstitial fibrosis in the obstructive kidneys of rats with unilateral ureteral obstruction(uuo).Method Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control,sham,UUO and UAA (UUO+A&A)groups.The rats in UAA group were administered with A&A(14 g/kg)by oral gavage once daily:the ones in sham and UUO group were given with equal volumes of water.Three days after setting up models,pathological injury of renal tissue was evaluated.Level of total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)and activity of CuZn superoxide dismutase(CuZn-SOD)in renal homogenates were measured bv spectrophotometry.Expression of NADPH oxidase subunits p47-phox,p22-phox and nintrotyrosine was analyzed by Western blot. Results Severe interstitial inflammatory cells infiltration, mild tubular atrophy and interstitial fibrosis were found in UUO group, which were alleviated by A&A administration. Compared to sham group, T-AOC of UUO group was not significantly changed, but the expression of the nitrotyrosine, NADPH oxidase subunits p47-phox and p22-phox was increased significantly (P<0.05). After A&A administration, T-AOC level was increased (2.5±1.1 vs 1.5±0.5, P<0.05) and the expression of nitrotyrosine was decreased (P< 0.05) in UAA group compared with UUO group. Additionally, the expression of p47-phox was reduced at day 3 (P<0.05), accompanied with a reduced expression of p22-phox (P< 0.05). CuZn-SOD activity was not significantly changed among the groups. Conclusion The inhibition of A&A in NADPH oxidase subunits p47-phox and p22-phox, which is responsible for reduction of oxidative stress, is associated with the alleviation of renal fibrosis in obstructive rat kidney.

AIM:To evaluate the short-term efficacy of posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens implantation for moderate to high myopia.METHODS:Fifty-three eyes of 27 patients with moderate to high myopia (-3.25 to-21.5D) were received posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens implantation with 2.8mm clear corneal incision.Changes of visual acuity, intraocular pressure(IOP), counts of endothelial cells and surgically induced astigmatism at 1mo after surgery were observed.RESULTS:The preoperative best corrected visual acuity (BCVA LogMAR) were 0.05±0.18, the postoperative BCVA at 1d were 0.02±0.14, the postoperative BCVA at 1wk were-0.05±0.11, the postoperative BCVA at 1mo were-0.07±0.10.The postoperative BCVA were statistically significant differences in different time(P<0.05).The preoperative endothelial cell count was 2932.5±270.8/mm2, the postoperative endothelial cell count at 1d was 2917.1±299.0/mm2;the postoperative endothelial cell count at 1wk was 2902.5±288.6/mm2;the postoperative endothelial cell count at 1mo was 2855.3±284.2/mm2.The postoperative endothelial cell count was not statistically significant differences in different time.The preoperative IOP was 15.8±2.5mmHg;the postoperative IOP at 1d was 15.3±2.9mmHg;the postoperative IOP at 1wk was 17.4±5.8mmHg;the postoperative IOP at 1mo were 15.8±2.6mmHg.The preoperative IOP was significantly different compared with postoperative IOP at 1d, 1wk and 1mo.The postoperative IOP at 1d and 1wk were statistically significant differences (P<0.05).The surgically induced astigmatism at 1d was 0.74±0.39D;the surgically induced astigmatism at 1wk was 0.57±0.28D;the surgically induced astigmatism at 1mo was 0.44±0.21D.The postoperative IOP were statistically significant differences in different time (P<0.05).The preoperative anterior chamber depth was 3.26±0.25mm;the postoperative central vault at 1d were 654.5±345.2μm;the postoperative central vault at 1mo were 683.0±211.7μm.The postoperative central vault were significantly different between that at 1d and 1mo after operations.Operations went without serious complications.CONCLUSION:Posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens implantation for moderate to high myopia were safe, effective and predictability.But long-term effect remains needed to be further follow-up.

AIM: To establish a method of analysing chemical components of the essential oil in Mulberry Leaves in Xinjiang. METHODS: The essential oil of Mulberry Leaves was extracted by ultrasound-steam distillation method.components were measured by GC-MS.About 80 peaks were separated totally.55 components of which were identified.The amount of the components from the essential oil was determined by normalization method.(RESULTS:) There were alkane(C_(10)～C_(40)),alkene,alcohols,unsaturated aldehydes,unsaturated ketones,carboxylic acid,ester,heterocyclic compound and aromatic hydrocarbon in essential oil in Mulberry Leaves.The main components were octadecane(9.11%),1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid-bis(2-methyl)propyl ester(8.92%),3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-o1(7.19%).there was a small amount of terpene in essential oil in Mulberry Leaves. CONCLUSION: The method is reliable,stable and has a good repeatability.This method can be applied to the analysis of the essential oil components extracted from Chinese traditional medicine.

Objective To identify clinicopathological features of high MSI (MSI-H).Methods We enrolled 150 patients,standard microsatellite loci (BA T25,BA T26,D2S123,D5S346,D17S250) were amplified by polymerase chain reaction(PCR) with fluorescent primers,and the PCR products were analyzed by GeneMapper software;age at diagnosis,gender and site were obtained;various pathological features were observed by light microscopy;the expression of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (CD4~+ and CD8~+) was detected by immunohistochemistry.Using a stepwise logistic regression model,a formula was generated that could be used to calculate the probability of a colorectal carcinoma being MSI-H based on pathological features.Results Among 150 cancers,MSI-H was 13.33%.Independent identifiers inclucle poor differentiation,histologic heterogeneity,Crohn's-like reaction and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes,logistic regression formula shows a sensitivity of 70.0% and a specificity of 99.2% and a accurate ratio of 95.3% for MSI-H.Conclusion MSI-H phenotype cancer is a type of nonfamilial colorectal cancer with specific pathological features,Clinicopathological features can efficiently identify MSI-H colorectal cancers.

Objective To investigate the effects of estrogen on mismatch repiar gene expression in colonic mucosa in vivo. Methods A total of 42 healthy individuals underwent colonoscopy were enrolled in the study. Half an hour before colonoscopy examination, blood sample was taken for determining the serum estradiol (E2) level. N ormal colonic mucosal tissues determined by naked eye under colonoscopy examination were taken in the right hemi colon to detect HMLH1 and hMSH2 gene expression by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry staining. Then the correlation of serum E2 levels with hMLH1 and hMSH2 expression in colonic mucosa was analyzed. Results A bimodal curve was presented for the correlation between serum E2 level in healthy individuals and hMLH1 expression in colonic mucosa. A strong positive correlation of E2 level with hMLH1 expression in normal colonic mucosa was observed when serum E2 level was more than 45 pg/ml (For mRNA, P=0. 003, r=0. 701; for immunohistochemistry positivity index, P=0. 000, r=0. 874).However there was no correlation between E2 level and hMSH2 expression. Conclusion High serum E2 level might increase the hMLH1 gene expression in colonic mucosa in vivo.

Objective:To analyze clinical and pathological features of 320 cases of Spitzoid tumors.Methods:Clinical and pathological data were collected from 320 patients with Spitzoid tumors in Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital from January 2005 to January 2020, and retrospectively analyzed.Results:The 320 patients included 141 males and 179 females, aged 0 - 65 (12.5 ± 11.7) years, and their course of disease ranged from 1 month to 30 years. Among them, there were 307 patients with Spitz nevi, 8 with atypical Spitz tumors and 5 with Spitzoid melanoma. Most skin lesions were solitary, and occurred on the head, face, trunk and limbs, with clear boundaries. Among the 307 patients with Spitz nevi, the skin lesions were mainly black (132 cases, 43.0%) and red (108 cases, 35.1%) in color, most of which were uniformly pigmented (262 cases, 85.3%) with smooth surfaces (272 cases, 88.6%) . There were several special clinical subtypes of Spitz nevi, including Spitz nevus arising in a nevus spilus (11 cases, 3.6%) , agminated Spitz nevus (11 cases, 3.6%) , disseminated Spitz nevus (6 cases, 2.0%) , nodular Spitz nevus (7 cases, 2.3%) and keloid-like Spitz nevus (1 case, 0.3%) . Characteristic histopathological manifestations of Spitz nevi included pagetoid spread of epidermal nevus cells (123 cases, 40.1%) , Kamino bodies at the dermo-epidermal junction (74 cases, 24.1%) , horizontal band-like distribution of nevus cells (177 cases, 57.8) , wedge-shaped distribution of nevus cells (118 cases, 38.4%) , fissures around nevus cell nests (177 cases, 57.8%) , physiological mitotic figures (117 cases, 38.1%) , and fine nuclear chromatin (307 cases, 100%) . According to the special histopathological manifestations, Spitz nevi were divided into pigmented epithelioid Spitz nevus (9 cases, 2.9%) , desmoplastic Spitz nevus (13 cases, 4.2%) , hemangiomatous Spitz nevus (8 cases, 2.6%) , verrucous Spitz nevus (12 cases, 3.9%) , mucoid Spitz nevus (10 cases, 3.3%) , halo-like Spitz nevus (4 cases, 1.3%) , etc. Among the 8 cases of atypical Spitz tumors, 4 skin lesions were black, 7 were uniformly pigmented, and 3 had rough surfaces; the characteristic pathological manifestations included mild to moderate atypia of cells, mitotic figures (2 - 6 cells/mm 2 in 7 cases) , and coarse nuclear chromatin (5 cases) . Among the 5 cases of Spitzoid melanoma, 3 had red skin lesions, 4 were non-uniformly pigmented, and 3 had rough surfaces; the characteristic pathological manifestations included pagetoid spread of melanocytes (3 cases) , non-polar infiltrating growth of immature tumor cells, pathological mitotic figures (3 cases, > 6 cells/mm 2) , coarse nuclear chromatin and obviously stained nuclear membrane. Conclusions:Spitzoid tumors are characterized by unique clinical and histopathological features. There are various clinical and pathological subtypes of Spitz nevi, and atypical Spitz tumors have clinical and pathological characteristics of both Spitz nevi and melanoma.

Objective To investigate UV- or heat-inactivated Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)stimulating the production of anti-keratin autoantibody(AK auto Ab)in cultured human umbilical cord blood B cells. Methods Mononuclear cells were isolated routinely from umbilical cord blood, in which monocytes, NK cells and cytotoxicity T cells were eliminated by L-leucine methyl ester method, and T cells were removed by sheep red blood cells(SRBCs)treated with 2-amino ethyl-isothiouronium bromide (AET). The purified B cells were treated with UV- or heat-inactivated EBV respectively and then cultured in complete IMDM. CD5, CD3, CD4 and CD8 cells were detected by flow cytometry. IgG and IgM of AK auto Ab were measured by ELISA in the supernatant which came from the B cells treated by UV-inactivated EBV or EBV-transformed B cells respectively. Results In UV-inactivated EBV group CD5+B cells accounted for 43% and 47% of all cells detected on the 14th and 28th day, respectively. No CD3, CD4 and CD8 cells were detected during this period. In UV-inactivated EBV group the AK auto Ab of IgG and IgM increased significantly on the 18th and 26th day, respectively (P 0.05). On the 40th day the AK auto Ab of IgG and IgM were significantly higher in EBV-transformed B cell group than those in UV-inactivated EBV group. Conclusions UV-inactivated EBV is able to induce AK auto Ab production but heat-inactivated EBV does not, which suggests that EBV protein might be the effective agent in inducing the production of AK auto Ab.

Objective To analyze the autoimmune status of kidney in transgenic mice with high serum titer of anti-keratin autoantibody(AK auto Ab).Methods AK auto-Ab transgenie mice were set-up with conventional procedures,and the mice older than 20 weeks were selected for study.Urinary protein was quan- tified by Bradford method,and SDS-PAGE electrophoresis was used to analyze the type of proteinuria.Speci- mens of kidney were subjected to HE and PAS stain and immunofluorescence analysis and electrum microscopy observation were also performed.Results Compared with littcrmates,transgenie mice showed higher urinary proteins level(P

Objective To evaluate left ventriclular systolic function in patients with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HOCM) after modified Morrow surgery using two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging (2D-STI).Methods Twenty three HOCM patients were recruited in this study.Echocardiographic data from HOCM patients during pre-operation,1-month and 3-month post-operation were analyzed by Qlab software to compare the variation in systolic function indicators 1-month and 3-month post-operation including global and 16 segmental longitudinal strain,circumferential strain and conventional echocardiographic parameters of left ventricle.Results Compared with preoperative data of HOCM patients,postoperative LVOT diameter and pressure gradient,left atrial diameter and volume index were significantly decreased(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference in left ventricular ejection fraction(P<0.05).Compared with the preoperative case,global and segmental longitudinal strain showed significant reduction after 1 week and gradually recovered after 3 months,without significant variation.The longitudinal strain of the anteroseptum reduced significantly and the longitudinal strain of the free wall increased after 3 months,however,the circumferential strain reduced significantly.The circumferential strain of basal and middle segment after 3 months had improved significantly than those of postoperative 1 week.The circumferential strain of surgical site is no obvious change and the strain of free wall was improved after 3 months.Conclusions 2D-STI can effectively evaluate global and regional systolic function of left ventricle for HOCM patients after modified Morrow surgery.

OBJECTIVETo assess the feasibility and the significance of surgical resection of small intrahepatic lesions adjacent to the major vasculature.

METHODSThe results of treatment were retrospectively reviewed in 40 patients who received operation for intrahepatic lesions less than 3 cm in diameter between Jan. 2003 and Dec. 2005. The lesions were all adjacent to the major vasculature in the liver.

RESULTSIn the 40 patients, a total of 44 small intrahepatic lesions were successfully resected with minimal morbidity and blood loss (mean 163 ml). A second lesion was found in 4 patients (10%) during intraoperative exploration. Histologically the lesion was malignant in 29 cases (including 4 cases with two lesions) and benign in 11 cases, with correct preoperative diagnosis in 62.5% of all cases. For 26 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, the 1-, 2-, and 3-year postoperative survival rates were 90.1%, 83.2% and 64.7%, respectively, while the patients with benign lesions were cured with the operation.

CONCLUSIONSSurgical resection of small intrahepatic lesions adjacent to the major vasculature is demanding but feasible and with satisfying effect. The significance of surgical management of these small lesions is not only excising the lesions but also making definite diagnosis and finding new lesions in some patients.

Adult ; Aged ; Blood Vessels ; pathology ; Feasibility Studies ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hepatectomy ; Humans ; Liver ; blood supply ; pathology ; surgery ; Liver Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies