Humans ; Nasal Obstruction ; Nose Diseases ; Syndrome

Objective To compare different kinds of urinary volume measurement methods among patients with continuous bladder irrigation.Methods The urinary samples of 30 patients with continuous bladder irrigation were repeated measured by using measuring cup, electronic scale and syringe.Results The accuraey of urinary volume calculated by electronic scale was superior to syringe and measuring cup. In addition, electronic scale was time-saving compared with using syringe.Conclusions Using electronic scale for measuring urinary volume is an accurate and convenient method.It can provide reliable data and improve quality of nursing.

In recent years, layer-by-layer self-assembly (LbL) has developed rapidly. It has been widely used in various industries such as medicine and metallurgy because of its simplicity, flexibility and controllability. In the study of drug delivery system, hollow microcapsules constructed by LbL method as drug carrier have great advantages in drug release, circulation in vivo and bioavailability, providing a technical platform for targeted drug release. In this paper, we summarize the types of film-forming materials and the driving force used in LbL technology, the way of loading drug into hollow micro capsule, and the variety of loaded drugs. We focus on the release mechanism, its evaluation and safety evaluation of self-assembled film as drug carrier in vivo and in vitro. The review shows the great application prospect of LbL technology in the field of drug delivery.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the blood flow characteristics of hepatitis B cirrhosis based on Couinaud's hepatic segments and to analyze the correlation between perfusion parameters of liver cirrhosis in the hepatic segments and between the different Child-Pugh classifications by using the pattern of whole liver perfusion detected by multi-slice spiral computed tomography (MSCT).

METHODSWhole-liver perfusion enhanced CT imaging scan was performed for 51 patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis (including 24 classified as Child-Pugh A, 19 as Child-Pugh B, and 8 as Child-Pugh C) and 20 patients without any liver abnormalities (who served as the control group).The perfusion parameters of Couinaud's segments were measured in order to compare the blood perfusion differences among the Couinaud's hepatic segments in liver cirrhosis. The blood flow characteristics were analyzed for each lobe and compared between groups, and the time to peak and peak of enhancement values of the aorta and portal veins and spleen were recorded and compared between groups.The F-test was used for statistical analysis.

RESULTSThe liver cirrhosis group showed higher time to peak for aorta and portal veins and spleen but lower peak of enhancement values than the control group. The hepatic arterial perfusion (HAP) was significantly higher in segment 3 than in segment 7 were (11.40+/- 5.72 vs.9.46+/-5.18 mL/min/100 mL; P less than 0.05). In addition, the differences of the portal venous perfusion (PVP) and total hepatic perfusion (THP) were significant between the liver lobes in various groups (P less than 0.05). The HAP and hepatic perfusion index (HPI) were not significantly different between the groups, but the HAP and HPI in every lobe were higher in the Child C subgroup than in either the Child A or Child B subgroups.

CONCLUSIONThe cirrhotic liver has different blood flow in the various Couinaud's segments. Whole-liver perfusion MSCT can reflect the hemodynamic changes of liver cirrhosis and Child-Pugh classification, and as such may be helpful for distinguishing the normal liver from the cirrhotic liver.

Hemodynamics ; Hepatic Artery ; Hepatitis B ; complications ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; diagnostic imaging ; etiology ; Liver Neoplasms ; Perfusion ; Perfusion Imaging ; Portal Vein ; Spleen ; Tomography, Spiral Computed

BACKGROUND:Bone marrow stem cell transplantation can improve heart function and prevent ventricle remodeling.At present,the adult bone marrow stem cells used for transplantation primarily included bone marrow mononuclear cells (BM-MNCs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs),and endothelial progenitor cells.The curative effects and precise mechanisms of transplantation of various bone marrow stem cells remain unknown.OBJECTIVE:To compare the effects of transplantation of autologous BM-MNCs and MSCs via the coronary artery on ventricle remodeling subsequent to acute myocardial infarction (AMI). DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:Randomized controlled animal experiment performed at the Center for Clinical Research,Hebei Provincial People's Hospital,Electron Microscope Room,Hebei Medical University between March 2005 and December 2006.MATERIALS:Thirty-six male Jizhong pigs,were randomly divided into 4 groups:control group (n = 6),infarct model group (n = 10),BM-MNC group (n = 10),and MSC group (n = 10).METHODS:Porcine autologous BM-MNCs were isolated by gradient density centrifugation,and MSCs were obtained by adherence method.Prior to transplantation,both BM-MNCs and MSCs were colloidal gold labeled.Except the infract model group,pigs in the other 3 groups were developed into AMI models by oppressing the left anterior descending branch with balloon catheter.Ninety minutes after modeling,(6.0±1.3)×107 autologous BM-MNCs and (4.5±2.1)x 107 MSCs were respectively transplanted into pigs in the BM-MNC group and the MSC group via the coronary artery and cultured for 28 days.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Observation of pathological changes of cardiac muscle tissue by light and electron microscope;Examination of cardiac function by ultrasonograph;Detection of the number of blood vessels and apoptotic myocardial cells,and expression of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and troponin Ⅰ and its correlation to cardiac function by immunohistochemistry;Detection of mRNA expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in the cardiac tissue as well as its correlation to cardiac function by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).RESULTS:In the MSC group,there was proliferation of a great deal of blood vessels as well as growth of abnormal cell masses around the coronary vessels,while the BM-MNC group exhibited the "budding" of many capillary vessels.Prior to transplantation,cardiac function indices were basically similar among each group (F = 1.550,P＞0.05).Twenty-eight days after transplantation,left ventricular ejection fraction was significantly lower in the control,BM-MNC,and MSC groups than in the infarct model group (F = 5.30,P＜0.05),while endocardial fractional shortening was significantly higher (F = 10.67,P＜0.01).Compared with the infarct model group,the number of blood vessels in the infarct zone and infarct border zone was increased in the BM-MNC group (F=29.56-34.87,P＜0.01) and had no apparent change in the MSC group.In the BM-MNC and MSC groups,apoptotic myocardial cells in the infarct zone and infarct border zone were significantly reduced (F=14.31-35.34,P＜0.01 ) and troponin I expression rate was significantly increased (F=19.05,P＜0.01 ),as compared with the infarct model group.In addition,NF-κB positive rate in the infarct border zone was significantly lower in the BM-MNC and MSC groups than in the infarct model group (F=19.05,P＜0.01).VEGF gene expression level in the infarct border zone was significandy higher in the BM-MNC group than in the infarct model group and MSC group (F = 49.41,P＜0.01).bFGF gene expression level in the infarct border zone was significantly higher in the MSC group than in the infarct model and BM-MNC groups (F=4.71,P＜0.01).LVEF was negatively correlated to myocardial cell apoptosis rate and NF-κB level (r=-0.441 1,P＜0.05;r=-0.579 6,P＜0.01 ).LVEF was positively correlated to number of blood vessels,VEGF and bFGF expression (r=0.775,P＜0.01;r=0.565 1,P＜0.05;r=0.573 5,P＜0.05).CONCLUSION:Transplantation of both autologous BM-MNC and MSC via coronary artery can improve the condition of left ventricular remodeling subsequent to myocardial infarction.The improvement of cardiac functions is related to the increase of blood vessels,VEGF and bFGF expression,the decrease of myocardial cell apoptosis and NF-κ B level in cardiac muscle tissues after stem cell transplantation.BM-MNC transplantation better promotes blood vessel proliferation and VEGF expression in the cardiac tissue but produces worse effects on bFGF gene expression than MSC transplantation.

Objective To compare the ability of adhesion and invasion to epithelial cells by Porphyromonas gingivalis ( Pg) strains with different fimA separated from Chinese. Methods Cultured method and antibiotic protection method were used to determine the adhesive and invasive ability of Pg with different fimA genetypes. The adhesion was observed by scanning electron microscope. Results All the strains adhered and invaded to KB cells, and the adhesion rate ranged from 0.523% to 37. 125% and invasive rate from 0. 017% to 3. 750%. The adhesive and invasive ability among different fimA genotypes showed no significant difference (P >0. 05).Conclusions There is no significant correlation between fimA genotype and ability in adhesion and invasion to KB cells.

Objective:To explore the application effect of health education based on the information-motivation-behavioral (IMB) skills model in the health education of main caregivers of premature infants.Methods:A total of 200 premature infants and 200 primary caregivers admitted to Department of Neonatology in First Hospital of Qinhuangdao were selected as the research objects from January 2017 to December 2019. Using random number table method, they were divided into the control group and the observation group, with 100 premature infants and 100 caregivers in each group. The control group was given regular health education, while the observation group was given health education based on the IMB model skill on the basis of the control group. The growth and development of premature infants and their re-admission after discharge were compared between the two groups. The self-made Premature Infant Caregivers Care Knowledge Evaluation Form, Premature Infant Caregivers Care Ability Scale and Neonatology Satisfaction Questionnaire were used to evaluate the care knowledge, care ability and satisfaction of their caregivers.Results:The growth and development compliance rates of preterm infants in the two groups were respectively 86.00% and 74.00%, and the readmission rates after discharge were respectively 7.00% and 17.00%, and there were statistically significant differences between groups ( P<0.05) . After intervention, the scores of nursing knowledge, nursing ability and nursing satisfaction of caregivers in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:The application of IMB model-based health education in caregivers of premature infants can improve the growth and development compliance rate of premature infants, reduce the re-admission rate after discharge, improve knowledge and ability of care of caregivers and improve satisfaction of caregivers.

Objective To study the impact of splenectomy and esophagogastric devascularization on the nutritional status of patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension.Methods Sixty consecutive patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension who underwent splenectomy and esophagogastric devascularization at the Beijing YouAn Hospital from April 5,2015 to January 23,2017 were included in this study.The body mass index (BMI),albumin (Alb),prealbumin (PA) and lymphocyte counts were prospectively collected at the end of 1-week,1-month,3-month,6-month and 1-year after surgery.The postoperative results were compared with the preoperative results in these patients.Results The BMI results obtained at 1-week and 1-month after surgery were significantly lower than the preoperative level [(22.14 ± 3.08)kg/m2 vs.(22.85 ± 3.14) kg/m2,(21.72 ± 3.05) kg/m2 vs.(22.86 ± 3.16) kg/m2,P ＜ 0.05].The BMI result at the end of 1-year after surgery was significantly elevated when compared with the preoperative level [(23.24 ± 3.64) kg/m2 vs.(22.68 ± 3.47) kg/m2,P ＜ 0.05].The ALB levels at 1-month and 3-month after surgery were significantly higher than the preoperative level [(39.87 ± 4.22)g/L vs.(35.35 ±5.15) g/L,(39.35 ± 4.75) g/L vs.(34.82 ± 5.50) g/L,P ＜ 0.05].The PA obtained at 1-week after surgery was significantly lower than the preoperative levels [(79.59 26.52)mg/L vs.(121.77 ±39.96)mg/L,P ＜ 0.05].The lymphocyte counts at all the points after surgery were significantly higher than the preoperative level (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Short term and long term nutritional status improved in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension after splenectomy and esophagogastric devascularization.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of gene GCRG213 siRNA transfection into gastric cancer cell line MKN45 cells.

METHODSTwo pairs of DNA sequences containing small hairpin structure to GCRG213 were designed and synthesized. The complement form was obtained by annealing and inserted into RNAi expression vector IMG-800. They are IMG-800-1 and IMG-800-2 correspondingly. The recombinant plasmid IMG-800-1, IMG-800-2 and the vector IMG-800 were separately transfected into MKN45 cells conducted by lipofectamine 2000. After G418 selecting, the cells were transfected steadily. Expression of GCRG213 was detected by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and Western Blot. The growth graph of six steady transfected cell cultures was protracted by cell counting. FACS was used to detect the cell cycle, and Annexin V FITC/PI double labeling were used to detect the effects on cell apoptosis in the above-mentioned cells. The clone formation rate in plate and in nude mice was tested to investigate the tumorigenic characteristics of the six steadily transfected cells in vitro and vivo.

RESULTSThrough sequencing, two pairs of DNA sequences containing small hairpin structure to GCRG213 were proved to be successfully cloned into siRNA expression vector IMG-800, correspondingly called IMG-800-1 and IMG-800-2. The recombinant plasmid IMG-800-1, IMG-800-2 and vector IMG-800 were transfected separately into MKN45 cells conducted by lipofectamine 2000. After G418 selecting, the cells were transfected steadily. Transfecting the siRNA vector (IMG-800-1, IMG-800-2 ) into the MKN45 cells significantly decreased the expression of GCRG213, at both mRNA and protein levels. The growth graph showed that the growth of IMG-800-1 and IMG-800-2 transfected cells were slower than that of vector transfected cells. The proportion of cells in G2/M and/or S phase decreased in the cells transfected with IMG-800-1 and IMG-800-2 and cell apoptosis increased. The average clone formation rate in vitro decreased in the cells transfected with IMG-800-1 and IMG-800-2, compared with those transfected with vector. In vivo, the time of tumor formation of IMG-800-1 and IMG - 800-2 transducted cells in nude mice was prolonged and the tumor size was smaller.

CONCLUSIONGCRG213 SiRNA transfection may induce inhibition of growth and proliferation of tumor cells, promote cell apoptosis, and inhibit the tumorigenicity in vitro and vivo.

Adenocarcinoma ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; Blotting, Western ; Cell Cycle ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Female ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Peptide Hormones ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; RNA, Small Interfering ; genetics ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Stomach Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Transfection ; Transplantation, Heterologous

Objective To observe the analgesic effects of mild moxibustion on primary dysmenorrhea(PD)rats with cold and dampness stagnation syndrome and its effect on BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway in hypothalamus;To explore its mechanism for the treatment of PD.Methods A total of 32 Wistar non-pregnant female rats were randomly divided into blank group,model group,Western medicine group and mild moxibustion group,with 8 rats in each group.Except for the blank group,the other groups received estradiol benzoate intraperitoneal injection combined with ice bath treatment + oxytocin intraperitoneal injection to establish PD with cold and dampness stagnation syndrome model.The mild moxibustion group received treatment at"Shenque"and"Guanyuan"from the eighth day of modeling for 10 min,and the Western medicine group was given ibuprofen solution intragastically for 4 days.The latency period of rats twisting was observed and the twisting score was calculated,Western blot and PCR were used to detect the expressions of c-fos,BDNF,TrkB protein and mRNA in hypothalamic tissue.Results Compared with the blank group,the model group showed a shortened latency period and an increased twisting score(P<0.01),the expressions of c-fos,BDNF,TrkB protein and mRNA in hypothalamic tissue increased(P<0.01,P<0.05).Compared with the model group,the mild moxibustion group had a longer latency period and lower twisting score(P<0.01),while the expressions of c-fos,BDNF,TrkB protein and mRNA in hypothalamic tissue increased(P<0.01,P<0.05).Conclusion Mild moxibustion may effectively improve the pain state of PD rats with cold and dampness stagnation syndrome.This mechanism may be related to downregulating c-fos expression,inhibiting BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway activation,thereby inhibiting pain signal transmission,regulating pain occurrence and maintenance.