Objective To realize job satisfaction of doctors from the secondary hospital and its influencing factors and put forward countermeasures for doctor job satisfaction.Methods 2066 doctors from the secondary hospital were investigated by self-made scale,and analyzed by analysis of variance,non-conditional logistic regression analysis and other methods.Results The average score of total job satisfaction of doctors was (3.44±0.95),in which about 57.6% of doctors expressed satisfaction with the current work.The scale of job itself satisfaction had the hisheet score,that was (3.91±0.79),while the scale of job retum satisfaction had the lowest score,that was (2.85±1.16).Leadership behavior played the most decisive role in doctors job satisfaction(sβ=0.7,P<0.01).Condusion The total job satisfaction of secondary hospital doctors is just above the average and doctors are most dissatisfied with the work concentrated in the areas of return and the practice environment.

The information organization mode of Chinese medicine is a key factor of meeting informational or analytical demands on Chinese medicine. This paper summarized the research status on information organization mode of Chinese medicine by using the basic principle of multidimensional data model, designing basic dimensions of Chinese medicine and its concept hierarchies. Finally, with an example of information query, this paper designed the multidimensional data model of Chinese medicine based on the star pattern and a multidimensional query system of Chinese medicine information. Based on the multidimensional data model, the information organization mode of Chinese medicine can provide powerful supports for the multi-angle and multi-level query using of Chinese medicine information.

PurposeTo analyze the sonographic and the histological features of special types of breast malignant tumors in order to explore preoperative ultrasound diagnosis. Materials and Methods Seven cases of special types of breast malignant tumors confirmed by pathology were retrospectively investigated by ultrasound. The sonographic and histological features of the lesions were reviewed. The ultrasonogram manifestations of the breast anatomy and the lesions were observed and recorded.Results Among 7 cases, there were 2 cases of papillary carcinoma, 3 cases of mucinous carcinoma, and 2 cases of lymphoma. Microscopically, the papillary carcinoma had clear boundaries with infringing mesenchyme, and the tissues were papillary and dense. The mucinous carcinoma had cancer cells floated in mucus lake. The primary breast lymphoma was diffused large B-cell type with focal lesion. For sonography type of breast, there were 3 cases of fatty types, 1 case of fibroglandular-1 and 3 cases of fibroglandular-2. The papillary carcinoma was hypoechoic in 2 cases, one of them was expansive growth with large size. Two cases of mucinous carcinoma were hypoechoic without accompanying sound attenuation in 1 case and with accompanying acoustic shadow due to calcification in the other case. Lymphoma was apparent anechoic and cystoid.Conclusion Special types of breast malignancies have different sonographic features and histological features from the common invasive ductal carcinoma. It has high clinical significance to enhance the understanding of rare malignant breast tumors.

Objective To compare volume-controlled ventilation (VCV) versus pressure-controlled ventilation (PCV) improved by PEEP during one-lung ventilation (OLV).Methods Fifty ASA physical status Ⅰ-Ⅲ patients,aged 25-64 yr,weighing 40-80 kg,undergoing elective thoracotomy,were randomly divided into 2 groups (n =25 each) using a random number table:VCV + PEEP group (group Ⅴ) and PCV + PEEP group (group P).Those in group Ⅴ underwent OLV initially with VCV for 20 min followed by 4cm H2O PEEP for 20 min and then PEEP was removed.Those in group P underwent OLV initially with PCV for 20 min followed by 4cm H2O PEEP for 20 min and then PEEP was removed.At the beginning of two-lung ventilation before chest opening (T1),at 20 min of OLV before PEEP (T2),and at 20 min of ventilation with PEEP (T3),arterial blood samples were collected for blood gas analysis and the peak airway pressure (Ppeak) and development of SpO2 ＜ 95 ％ from beginning of OLV to T3 were recorded.Results Compared with group P,Ppeak at T2,3 and PaO2 at T3 were significantly increased in group Ⅴ (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the baseline value at T1,PaO2 was significantly decreased and Ppeak was increased at T2.3 in Ⅴ and P groups (P ＜ 0.05).The incidence of SpO2 ＜ 95％ was significantly decreased and PaO2 was increased at T3 than at T2 in Ⅴ and P groups (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion 4 cm H2O PEEP can improve VCV and PCV during OLV and the improved efficacy is better for VCV in patients undergoing thoracotomy.

Objective To investigate the correlation between ultrasonographie classification, age and lesion in female. Methods One thousand two hundred and eight patients with 2416 mammary gland were comfired by pathologic findings, including 132 benign lesion and 54 malignancy lesion. According various sonographic appearances in the mammary gland structure and involution grade, the mammary glonds were classified into glandular,fibroglandular and fatty types. A single mammary gland is statistic unit. Results To follow age growth, the proportion of glandular type was decrease, 61.7% in under 30 years of age,31.5% in 30-39 years of age,15.3% in 40-49 years of age,8.6% in 50-59 years of age,4.5 in over 60 years of age. To follow age growth, the proportion of fatty type was higher, 1.6 % in under 30 years of age, 5.80% in 30-39 years of age,5.5% in 40-49 years of age,10.8% in 50-59 years of age,38.6% in over 60 years of age. Before 60 years of age, to follow age growth, the proportion of fibroglandular type was higher, which achieved the peak value (79.2%) in 40-49 years and last to 50-59 years of age (80.6%) ,but it was decrease to 56.9% after 60 years of age. There was significant difference of the proportion in any age(P=0.000).The proportion of the benign lesion no difference in three categories. The proportion of malignancy lesion (6.23%, 16/257 mammary gland)in fatty type was higher than that in fibroglandular type (2.18%,37/1698 mammary gland) which was significant difference(P=0.000). There was no malignancy lesion in glandular type. Conclusions Significant correlation were present between uhrasonographic classification, age and malignancy lesion, no significant correlation were found between uhrasonographic classification, age and benign lesion.

The study evaluates the lipolysis rate and extent of type Ⅲ lipid formulations using testosterone undecanoate as a model drug after digestion with in vitro lipolysis model, and studies the digestive regularity with optical microscope and electrical conductivity. The results showed that for testosterone undecanoate type Ⅲ lipid formulations with castor oil as oil phase and Transcutol HP as latent solvent, the lipolysis rate and extent were increased with the increase of oil phase proportion and were decreased with excessive proportion of surfactant, in which can see liquid crystal phase during lipolysis process. The lipolysis rate of type ⅢB lipid preparations with different surfactant were ordered as Labrasol > Tween 80 > Cremophor EL, but the rate of type ⅢA is different in quick digestion phase and slow digestion phase. The lipolysis extent of type Ⅲ lipid formulations with different surfactant were ordered as Cremophor EL > Tween 80 > Labrasol. These may be related to the digestive effect of pancreatic lipase on different surfactants. This study implied that the lipolysis rate and extent of type Ⅲ lipid formulations are greatly influenced by the proportion of oil phase and surfactant, and the surfactant structure. These factors will affect the in vivo digestion and should be taken into account when screening type Ⅲ lipid formulations.

Objective To investigate whether exogenic brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) can permeate placental barrier into fetus and further through fetal blood brain barrier(BBB) after transient ischemia. Methods Seventeen day pregnant rats were selected. The uterine arteries of the rats were clamped for 30 minutes in experimental group. BDNF labeled with 125 I was injected into the rats through caudal veins. The radioactivity of BDNF in different fetal organs was measured at 24 h, 48 h and 72 h. Results 125 I BDNF was detected in amniotic fluid, placenta and fetal organs including brain, heart, lung, liver and kidney. This indicated that BDNF partly permeated placental barrier. The permeability of BDNF through placenta barrier and fetal BBB increased with the increased dose injected. BDNF reached the fetal brain through BBB under hypoxia eschemia condition. The rates of penetration of BDNF through placental barrier and BBB increased under the condition of fetal ischemia and hypoxia. Conclusions Exogenic BDNF may partly go through placental barrier and BBB into fetal brain, which makes it possible for BDNF to be a treatment for fetus suffered from ischemia and hypoxia.

Objective Weifang is a pilot of the health system reform, the research aims to investigate the present situation of turnover intention within the medical staff in Weifang's public hospitals, seeking main influencing factors, while exploratory research about how to bulid a three-stage early-warning system also included. Methods Chooseing 29 public hospitals with stratified random sampling method, questionare investigation for 933 qualified samples,and spss 16. 0 was also used as an analysis method. Results About 49% of the respondents have turnover intention, those working years less than 10 have the strongest turnover intention, individual work-emotional exhaustionsocial support from family members or friends, and restriction of personal development are three main causes from Logistic analysis. Conclusion According to the stage characteristic of turnover intention, building an early-warning system could play an important role in controlling brain-drain.

OBJECTIVETo test the different contrctile responses of extracellular nucleotides, such as ATP, UTP and nucleotide uridine adenosine tetraphosphate (Up4A) in gastric longitudinal muscle (LM) and circular muscle (CM). Examined the effect of P2X and P2Y receptor antagonists (in this study, we used IP5I and suramin) and cyclooxygenase inhibitor (indomethacin) on Up4A induced contractile responses in LM and CM.

METHODSThe rats were sacrificed and the stomachs were opened to gain LM and CM. Using organ bath system to assess contrctile responses of smooth muscle.

RESULTSUp4A could induce contractile responses in both CM and LM, which were similar with ATP and UTP. IP5 did not attenuate Up4A could induce contractions in both LM and CM, but suramin and indomethacin significantly inhibited Up4A contraction in CM, but not in LM.

CONCLUSIONOur results suggest that extracellular nucleosides and their inhibitors induce different responses between LM and CM.

Adenosine Triphosphate ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Dinucleoside Phosphates ; pharmacology ; Indomethacin ; Muscle Contraction ; Muscle, Smooth ; physiology ; Nucleotides ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Suramin ; Uridine Triphosphate ; pharmacology