Objective To investigate SCCmec genotypes and drug-resistance profiles of the methieillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE) strains isolated from the patients suffered from diabetic foot infections (DFI) in the Tianjin Metabohc Diseases Hospital. Methods After dabridement, specimens of 390 infectious diabetic foot ulcers in the hospital from Jan 2008 to Jun 2010 were collected from the wound basal parts by cotton swab for culture. The disk-diffusion method was performed to examine antimicrobial susceptibility. DNAs of the MRSE strains were extracted, and their SCCmec genotypes were identified by PCR. Results Twenty of the seventy(28.6% ,20/70)Staphylococcus epidermidis strains were mecA posifive. Among the MRSE isolates, 2 ( 10.0% )were SCCmec Ⅱ ,9 (45.0%)were SCCmecⅢ and 9 (45.0%)were SCCmec Ⅳ. None of the isolates were genotyped as SCCmec Ⅰ or Ⅴ. No mater which genotypes they were, all the MRSE isolates were multi-drug resistant. They were resistant not only to β-lactams (including penicillins, cefoxitin and cephems), but also to non-β-lactams (including macrolides, fiuoroquinolones and sulfonamides ) . Resistance to voncomycin and rifampicin were not found in these strains . Conclusion SCCmec Ⅲ and SCCmecⅣ are major genotypes of the MRSE isolates from the infectious diabetic foot ulcers.The SCCmec Ⅳ genotype strains with multi-drug resistant profiles are prevalent in the diabetic foot infections.

Objective To study the effects of TRβ△ on apoptosis and proliferation of liver cancer cell line RH-35 from rat in vitro. Methods RH-35 cells were transfected by empty vector pcDNA3. 1 and expression plasmid pcDNA3. 1-TRβ△, then exposure to 10 nmol/ L T3 . RH-35 cells apoptosis and proliferation were observed by flow cytometry and MTT colorimetric assay; Levels of catenin β-1(CTNNB1), senescence marker protein-30(SMP-30) and BCL2-antagonist/ killer ( BAK ) mRNA evaluation were detected by quantitative real-time RT-PCR (RT-qPCR). Results In the presence of T3 , overexpression of TRβ△ significantly inhibited the proliferation, increased the percentage of apoptotic, down-regulated CTNNB1and SMP-30 expression, up-regulated BAK expression in RH-35 cells( P < 0. 05). Conclusion TRβ△ could inhibit the proliferation of RH-35 cells and promote their apoptosis, which may be related to upregulation of BAK genes expression and downregulation of CTNNB1 and SMP-30 gene expression, and these effects could be regulated by T3 .

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) for achalasia.Methods A total of 40 achalasia patients who underwent POEM at our hospital were enrolled.The outcomes of Eckardt score,Barium contrast imaging,esophageal manometry as well as esophagogastroscopy were assessed before and at 6th day,1 month,3 months and 6 months after POEM respectively.Results All 40 patients successfully underwent POEM,with the mean operation time 57.2 ± 18.4 minutes.lntraoperative mediastinal and subcutaneous emphysema occurred on two patients.All patients had significant symptom relief after POEM (Eckardt score ≤ 3).The patients had a mean follow-up of 13.3 months.Two patients had symptom relapse,and treatment success rate (Eckardt score ≤3) was 90％ in 6-month follow up.According to high-resolution manometry (HRM),the resting lower esophageal sphincter (LES) pressures were 30.6 and 15.8 mmHg (P =0.001),and intergrated relaxation pressure(IRPs) were 28.1 and 12.2 mmHg (P =0.000) before and after POEM,respectively.The diameter of the esophageal lumen was 4.2 cm and 3.1 cm before and after POEM (P＜0.001).Conclusion POEM is safe and effective in a short term with less complications.Further follow-up studies are needed to evaluate long-term outcomes.

Objective To study the anatomic data of the first metatarsal dorsal artery and to provide anatomical basis for clinical tissue transplantation based on the first metatarsal dorsal artery.Methods The 16 adult cadaver specimens with 32 feet were dissected and meas-ured by vernier caliper.Then the anatomic data of the first metatarsal dorsal artery were analyzed.Results Through the examinations of 32 feet sample,the first metatarsal dorsal artery were classified into 5 types.Type Ⅰ:the first metatarsal dorsal artery runs at the surface of the first dorsal interosseous muscle (13 sides,40.6%).Type Ⅱ:the first metatarsal dorsal artery runs in the interior of the first dorsal interosse-ous muscle (11sides,34.4%).Type Ⅲ:the first metatarsal dorsal artery runs underneath the first dorsal interosseous muscle (6 sides, 18.8%).Type Ⅳ:the first metatarsal dorsal artery is slender (1 side,3.1%).TypeⅤ:the first metatarsal dorsal artery is absent (1 side, 3.1%).Distance relationship was measured between the first metatarsal bone and the first metatarsal dorsal artery:the vertical distance be-tween the origin of the posterior branch of the first metatarsal dorsal artery and base of the first metatarsal bone was (2.4 ±0.3)mm,the ver-tical distance between the origin of the posterior branch of the first metatarsal dorsal artery and head of the first metatarsal bone was (10.1 ±1.0)mm;the vertical distance between the origin of the anterior branch of the first metatarsal dorsal artery and the first metatarso-phalangeal joint was (7.6 ±2.7)mm.Conclusion The first metatarsal dorsal artery has clinical reference significance for the hands and feet’s trauma and skin flap transplantation such as thumb reconstruction.

Objective To investigate clinical features and antibiotic resistance of pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) strains isolated from patients with diabetic foot infections (DFI) in Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital.Methods Eighty-five PA strains were isolated from 428 patients with diabetic foot in the hospital from Jan 2008 to Dec 2010.The clinical features of patients were summarized.Relationships between the isolates and depth of ulcer or severity of infection were analyzed.The disk-diffusion method was performed to examine antimicrobial susceptibility.Results Gram positive (G+) and Gram negative (Gˉ) isolates were 50.47％ and 41.12％,respectively.Multidrug-resistant PA composed 32.9％ of the total PA isolates.The size of ulcers with PA infections was bigger than those with non-PA bacterial infections (P＜0.05).Compared to G+ strains,patients with PA strains were older,had lower hemoglobin,but higher serum sensitive C-reactive protein; and more frequently,they had ischemic ulcer and osteomyelitis.Compared to G+ strains,the PA strains were more frequently isolated from deeper ulcers and with more serious infections(P＜0.05).The resistant rates of PA to cephalosporins,fluoroquinolones,and aminoglycosides were between 32.9％-61.2％,37.6％-42.4％,and 37.6％-62.4％,respectively.Only one out of 85 PA strains was imipenem-resistant.However,sensitiveness of all PA isolates to cefoperazone and sulbactam reached 100％.Conclusion PA strains are mainly found in patients with deeper ulcers and more serious infections.Multidrug-resistant PA is common in DFI.It is important to isolate pathogens and determine their antibiotic resistance correctly in diabetic foot patients in order to provide appropriate drug administration and to reduce the production and dissemination of drug resistant strains.

This study was aimed to construct eukaryotic expression vectors carrying the small hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting TRPC6 gene and investigate the effect of TRPC6 knockdown on puromucin aminonucleoside (PAN)-induced podocyte injury. Two DNA sequences containing the small hairpin structure targeting TRPC6 were designed, synthesized and then inserted into the green fluorescence protein (GFP)-contained plasmids (pGC) to establish the plasmids pGCsi-TRPC6A and pGCsi-TRPC6B. Plasmids expressing scrambled shRNA were used as negative control and named pGCsi-NC. These plasmids were transfected into a conditionally immortalized murine podocyte cell line by using liposome. Flow cytometry was used to examine the transfection efficiency. TRPC6 mRNA and protein expression levels were detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting. Cultured podocytes were divided into four groups: control group, PAN treatment group, PAN+TRPC6 shRNA transfected group and PAN+scrambled shRNA transfected group. The paracelluar permeability to BSA was evaluated by Millicell-PCF Inserts and cell viability was measured by the trypan blue assay. Immunofluorescent assay was used to observe the distribution of α-actinin-4 and α-tubulin. The results showed that the transfection efficiency of the shRNA expression vector was about 45%. Expression levels of TRPC6 mRNA and protein were downregulated after transfection with pGCsi-TRPC6A and pGCsi-TRPC6B. Knocking down TRPC6 gene could effectively reverse the PAN-induced increase in the paracelluar permeability to BSA. The distribution of α-actinin-4 and α-tubulin was disrupted after treatment with PAN, which was reversed by knocking down TRPC6 gene. It was concluded that knocking down TRPC6 gene could effectively prevent podocytes from the permeability increase induced by PAN, which may be related to the regulation of podocyte cytoskeleton.

OBJECTIVETo observe the influence of Xinmaitong capsule (XMT) on serum matrix metalloproteinases-9, high sensitive C-reactive protein levels in patients with acute coronary syndrome.

METHOD63 cases were divided by randomized, contrastive assigned to XMT group (n = 31) and control group (n = 32). The serum levels of MMP-9 and hs-CRP before and after treatment in 12 weeks were detected.

RESULTAfter treatment, the serum levels of MMP-9 in control group had no changed and the levels of hs-CRP reduced. The serum levels of MMP-9 and hs-CRP in XMT group had significantly decreased. The serum levels of MMP-9 and hs-CRP had positive correlation, but had no correlation to levels of serum lipids.

CONCLUSIONXMT decreased breakdown of matrix collagen, and inflammatory reaction in the patients of ACS, which may have effect on plaque stabilization.

Acute Coronary Syndrome ; blood ; drug therapy ; Aged ; C-Reactive Protein ; metabolism ; Capsules ; Cholesterol ; blood ; Cholesterol, HDL ; blood ; Cholesterol, LDL ; blood ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; isolation & purification ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; blood ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Triglycerides ; blood

Background and Purpose:Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers and the second leading cause of cancer-related death in Europan and North American males.The incidence of prostate cancer has also been increasing during the past few decades in China.It is widely accepted that this heterogeneity,which results from the tumor progression driven largely by genomic instability(genetic and/or epigenetic alterations)of tumor cells in primary tumor,endows specific populations of tumor cells with the unique character needed for invasion,migration,and metastasis colony formation in other organs and only these subpopulations possessing thost character can survive the potentially destructive journey from the primary tumor to the sites of metastases.The purpose of the present study was to explore the genes associated with invasion and metastasis of human prostate cancer cell line PC-3M in nude mice.Methods:After PC-3M cells were inoculated into orthotopic site(prostate) in a male nude mouse for two months,tumor cells were isolated from the primary tumor and lymph node metastasis,separately.Cell invasion and adhesion ability in vitro were first compared between two cells.Then metastasis-related genes differentially expressed between them were analyzed by utilizing cDNA microarray technique.Results:The in vitro cell invasion and adhesion potential of tumor cells from lymph node metastasis was significantly higher than those from primary tumor by 2.5 fold and 1.5 fold,respectively.Metastasis-related genes differentially expressed between those two sublines were identified,all of them were up-regulated in the tumor cells from lymph node metastasis and could be categorilized: 1.genes encoding cellular matrix-degrading proteolytic enzyme including cathepsin and MMP.2.genes encoding transcription factors.3.genes related to heterotypic adhesion of tumor cells.4.genes encoding cell surface receptors.Conclusions:There are significant differences in invasion and adhesion potential between cells from primary tumor and those from lymph node metastasis.Some differentially expressed molecules might be playing pivotal roles in promoting tumor cells to migrate from primary tumors to distant metastases,which may be helpful to elucidate the possible mechanism of metastasis in prostate cancer.

Objective To observe the expression of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM),Caspase-3 and interleukin (IL)-6 in optic nerve tissue of ischemic optic neuropathy (ION).Methods Twenty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group and model group,10 rats in each group.The permanent ligation of bilateral internal carotid arteries (BICA) was performed for 14 days to establish subacute ION model as model group.The control group were separated BICA without ligation.The expressions of TREM-1,TREM-2,Caspase-3 and IL-6 in rat retina were detected by reverse transcription PCR and Western blot,respectively.Results Compared with the control group,the expressions of TREM-1,Caspase-3,IL-6mRNA (t=6.058,7.86,6.055) and protein (t=9.671,9.524,14.501) in the optic nerve tissue of the model group were increased,while the expression ofTREM-2 mRNA and protein (t=9.283) was decreased,and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).Conclusion In ischemic optic nerve tissue,TREM-1 mRNA and protein were significantly expressed,the expressions of TREM-2 mRNA and protein decreased significantly.

Background: and Purpose The relationships among interleukin (IL)-10 levels, anxiety, and cognitive status after stroke remain controversial. We aimed to determine the associations of serum IL-10 levels with poststroke anxiety (PSA) and poststroke cognitive impairment (PSCI). Methods: We recruited 350 patients with stroke, of whom only 151 completed a 1-month follow-up assessment. The Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) were used to assess the cognitive status and anxiety, respectively. Serum IL-10 levels were measured within 24 hours of admission. Results: IL-10 levels were significantly lower in the PSA group than in the non-PSA group, and they were negatively associated with HAMA scores (r=-0.371, p<0.001). After adjusting for all potential confounders, IL-10 levels remained an independent predictor of PSA (odds ratio=0.471, 95% confidence interval=0.237–0.936, p=0.032). IL-10 levels were strongly correlated with behavior during interviews, psychic anxiety, and somatic anxiety. Patients without PSCI had higher IL-10 levels were higher in non-PSCI patients than in PSCI patients, and they were positively associated with MMSE scores in the bivariate correlation analysis (r=0.169, p=0.038), and also with memory capacity, naming ability, and copying capacity.However, IL-10 did not predict PSCI in the univariable or multivariable logistic regression. Conclusions Low IL-10 levels were associated with increased risks of PSA and PSCI at a 1-month follow-up after stroke. Serum IL-10 levels may therefore be helpful in predicting PSA.