Objective: To study the relationship between negative behavior of preschool children and behavior of their mothers. Method.. 742 mothers of children in their 3 ～ 6 year old age were tested by self- made questionnaire. Results: Negative behavior was not significantly related to age and gender of children. It was negatively related to maternal supporting behavior and positively to maternal un- supporting behavior. The culture background (urban/rural), family income and mother' s occupation were found to be important factors mediating maternal un- supporting behavior. Conclusion: Negative behavior of preschool children is influenced by mother' s behavior, which in turn has its cultural - economical background.

Objective:To investigate the routine maintenance and inspection methods of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) equipment, reduce the failure rate and improve the image quality, and ensure the normal operation of medical image diagnostic equipment.Methods:According to the characteristics of the equipment, to make maintenance inspection goals and complete the daily management of MRI equipment. According to the medical equipment management system requirements, to establish and maintain records to provide data to meet the requirements and the effective operation of quality management system, and to record the data for each equipment for continuity and traceability.Results: There are the potential problems through the management and analysis of MRI equipment data. And the problems were timely solved to make the device operate steady. It’s easy to get a clear and reliable image and to provide an objective and true diagnostic basis for clinical.Conclusion: The routine maintenance and inspection of MRI equipment is an indispensable and important work in medical engineering.

Objective To understand the current situation of multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO)infection in hospitalized patients in a tertiary first-class hospital,as well as efficacy of bundle intervention measures on preven-tion and control of infection. Methods Hospitalized patients who were infected with MDROs in this hospital during 2012-2014 were monitored and conducted bundle intervention. Results In 2012-2014,a total of 1909 MDRO strains were isolated. The isolation rates of MDROs in 2012-2014 were 30.69% ,31 .04% ,and 29.40% respec-tively,bedside intervention rates were 81 .02% ,92.05% ,and 94.23% respectively,implementation rates of clinical isolation were 69.97% ,82.98% ,and 93.04% respectively;MDRO isolation rates during 2012-2014 were not sig-nificantly different(P>0.05);bedside intervention rates and implementation rates of clinical isolation were both sig-nificantly different(both P<0.05). The top 3 isolated MDROs in 2012-2014 were extended-spectrumβ-lactamases (ESBLs)-producing Escherichia coli,multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii,and ESBLs-producing Klebsiel-lapneumoniae. Conclusion Bundle intervention measures,such as multi-department collaboration and strengthened on-site supervision,can promote more standardized management of healthcare-associated infection,enhance the im-plementation rate of clinical isolation,and effectively prevent and control the spread of MDRO in hospital.

DNA ; chemistry ; Genes ; Genes, erbB-2 ; Humans ; Pathology ; trends

OBJECTIVE:To observe the efficacy and safety of atorvastatin calcium combined with metoprolol in the treatment of chronic congestive heart failure (CHF). METHODS:207 CHF patients were randomly divided into control group (102 cases) and observation group (105 cases). Control group received cardiac,diuretic,vasodilating and oxygen inhalation,Metoprolol tar-trate tablet with initial dose of 6.25 mg,2-3 times a day,then increased 6.25-12.5 mg based on the improvement,2-3 times a day. Observation group additionally received 80 mg Atorvastatin tablet,twice a day. The treatment course for both groups was 16 w. Clinical efficacy,cardiac functions [left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),left ventricular end systolic diameter(LVESD),mi-tral early diastolic and late diastolic peak flow velocity ratio(E/A)],blood lipids [lipoprotein(a)Lp(a),triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TC)] levels before and after treatment,and the incidence of adverse reactions in 2 groups were observed. RESULTS:The total effective rate in observation group was significantly higher than control group,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Before treatment,there were no significant differences in cardiac functions and blood lipids in 2 groups(P>0.05). Af-ter treatment,the LVEF and E/A in 2 groups were significantly higher than before,and observation group was higher than control group,LVESD,Lp(a),TG and TC were significantly lower than before,and observation group was lower than control group,the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). And there was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Based on conventional treatment,the efficacy of atorvastatin calcium combined with metoprolol is su-perior to metoprolol in the treatment of CHF,with better safety.

The Medical Care Act of Japan has undergone five major revisions since it went into effect in 1947. Each revision has been designed to target and tackle main problems found in the medical and health sector in the country. These problems range from the making of regional healthcare plans to the establishment of the hospital with specific functions, from the division of rehabilitation beds to the establishment of nursing insurance scheme, from the birth of medical corporations to the establishment of social medical corporations, and from strengthening of non-profit nature of medical institutions to the construction of medical information system. These efforts were made to provide a safe and convenient health service for the Japanese people. These revisions are closely related to hospital management, and its experiences prove useful for the health reform in China.

The clinician training system in Japan is different from that in China as their medical students are allowed to take medical doctor examination immediately following their graduation.But they must undergo at least two years of training in basic clinical knowledge and skills prior to taking any clinical practice.This training system is inspirational for us as follows:China should include standardized training of residents into the law of medical practitioners,and medical graduates must take two years of knowledge training in full medicine before they are qualified for clinical practice.On top of this training,they need to undergo at least three years of specialized doctor training,making them competent clinicians with comprehensive knowledge coverage and outstanding skills in specific areas following such staged training.

For medical insurance systems, medical expense examination is a key measure to keep medical expenses under control. In 1948, Japan established an examination authority of legal person status to operate the medical expense examination. Based on years of modifications and improvement in the organizational system and operation mechanism, the system is running smoothly by now. Authors of this paper made a detailed introduction to the specific operations of such a system, and to China's local features as well. On such basis, the study proposed to build in China a third-party medical expense examination institution as a legal entity, and practice the reexamination system and information disclosure system, in an effort to safeguard legitimate rights of insurance organizations and medical institutions.

Objective To study and analyze the efficacy and safety of caspofungin in the treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients complicated with pulmonary fungal infections.Methods 62 patients of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease complicated with pulmonary fungal infec-tions were randomly divided into study group and control group,31 cases in each group.Study group was intravenously given caspofungin,with an initial dose of 70mg/d,follow 50mg/d.The control group was intravenously given liposomal amphotericin B,dose control in 3mg? kg-1 ? d-1 .After treatment lasted symptoms 5d,clinical efficacy and side effects of two groups were recorded.Results The effective rate of the study group was 67.74%,which was signifi-cantly higher than 41.93% of the control group, the difference was statistically significant ( χ2 =2.0251, P =0.0429).The incidence rate of adverse reactions of the study group was 16.13%,which was significantly lower than 48.39% of the control group,the difference was statistically significant(χ2 =2.6948,P =0.0070).After treatment, liver and kidney function parameters in the control group such as ALT,AST,BUN,Cr had significant differences com-pared with before treatment (P <0.05).Conclusion For chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients complicated with acute exacerbation of pulmonary fungal infection,the treatment efficacy and the incidence of adverse reactions of caspofungin therapy are significantly better than liposomal amphotericin B,and has small renal damage,which is wor-thy of clinical application.

Objective To discuss the influence of conbercept intraocular injection to vitrectomy on diabetic retinopathy.Methods patients (100 cases) with diabetic retinopathy were divided into two groups according to whether use intraocular injection drug or not.The injection group (49 cases) was given conbercept intraocular injection before vitrectomy.The control group (51 cases) was only given vitrectomy.The influence of conbercept intraocular injection to vitrectomy on diabetic retinopathy was evaluated by surgery,prognosis,visual acuity before and after surgery.Results The surgery time of the injection group was shorter than that of the control group (P ＜ 0.05).There were six bleeding cases in the injection group and 20 cases in the control group.The number of bleeding of injection group was shorter than that of the control group (P ＜ 0.05).In addition,the electric coagulation,silicone oil use,iatrogenic macular holes number of injection group was smaller than of that of the control group (P ＜ 0.05).During 1 month follow-up,the number of small bleeding and large bleeding cases of injection group was smaller than of the control group (P ＜ 0.05).There was no statistical significance on vision between two groups.After 1 month surgery,the vision of two groups were increased.And the vision of injection group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion In summary,conbercept intraocular injection could help vitrectomy.It could reduce the difficulty of surgery and shorten the surgery time.It could reduce the bleeding symptoms during and after surgery.It could improve the vision of patients.