Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; blood ; Male

By taking the course of laboratory hematology in Curtin University in Australia as an ex-ample, this paper introduced the characteristics of its teaching mode, teaching contents, teaching methods, assessment methods and laboratory practice. The advantages and disadvantages of education characteristics between Australia and China were compared and analyzed on the training methods and the training objec-tives, respectively. The education characteristics of laboratory hematology in Curtin University provided an important inspiration for our education reform in the field of medical laboratory in the future.

Objectives To observe the clinical significance and application value of autologous blood transfusion in neurosurgery of primary hospital. Methods Four hundred and fourteen patients who underwent the neurosurgery operation and were subjected to intraoperative blood transfusion were selected, among whom 97 patients were subjected to autologous blood transfusion (observation group), and 317 patients were subjected to heterogenous blood transfusion (control group). The condition of intraoperative blood transfusion, changes of hemoglobin and hematocrit, blood transfusion related cost were compared between 2 groups. Results There were no statistical differences in operation time, infusion volume, rate of transfusion related complications and postoperation hemoglobin, hematocrit between observation group and control group (P>0.05). The patients in control group were infused with 189 000 ml, and the transfusion liquid volume proportion of total blood transfusion was 79.22%(189 000/238 580);13 patients in observation group were used the heterogenous blood transfusion with 5 400 ml, and the transfusion liquid volume proportion of total blood transfusion was 10.30%(5 400/52 430). Eighty-six patients (88.66%, 86/97) in observation group performed autologous blood collection and transfusion, the volume of autologous collection was 80 650 ml, and the volume of transfusion was 47 020 ml. Eleven patients in observation group did not perform autologous blood transfusion, among whom 6 patients was because of operational and mechanical reasons, and 5 patients performed collection but did not transfuse. The cost of heterogenous concentrated suspension red blood cell over 6 U was significantly higher than the cost of disposable material and injection of autologous blood:(2 287.06 ± 243.52) yuan vs. (1 595.08 ± 133.95) yuan, and there was statistical difference (P<0.05). The rate of heterogenous concentrated suspension red blood cell 6 U in control group was 14.83%(47/317), and the rate of over 6 U was 6.62%(21/317). Conclusions The autologous blood transfusion is safe and effective, and it is worth popularizing in neurosurgery of primary hospital. But in the process of its application, it is necessary to strengthen the user′s operating skills and ensure the quality of autologous blood transfusion.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the productive rate of AmpC ?-lactamases and ESBLs produced by the Gram-negative bacilli from the nosocomial infection in our hospital. METHODS AmpC ?-lactamases and ESBLs were detected by the improved cefotaxime and ceftriaxone three-dimensional test. RESULTS The productive rate of AmpC ?-lactamases was 16.00%.Among them,the productive rate of AmpC ?-lactamases was only 8.84%.The Enterobacter cloacae,Serratia marcescens and Enterobacter aerogenes were easy to produce the enzymes(36.00%,31.25% and 28.00%).The productive rate of AmpC ?-lactamases and ESBLs at the same time was 7.16%. CONCLUSIONS The productive rate of the enzymes by the Gram-negative bacilli from the nosocomial infection is rather high.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of post-conditioning in brain injury induced by myocardial I/R on inflammatory factor and GFAP.Methods:Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated into 3 groups (n=8):group Sham,group IR,group IPost.Myocardial IR was induced by occlusion of the anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery for 30 min.group IPost received 3 cycles of 10 s reperfusion followed by 10 s ischemia at the end of myocardial ischemia.The rats were sacrificed at 120 rain of reperfusion and the brains were removed for microscopic examination,inflammatory factors and GFAP.Results:Compared with group Sham,IL-6,IL-8 were significantly increased,IL-10 was down-regulated in group IR(P＜0.01).Post-conditioning can decrease IL-6,IL-8 and up-regulated IL-10(P＜0.01).When compared with group Sham,the expression of GFAP was higher in group IR(P＜0.05),however,the GFAP in group IPost is the most among these three groups(P＜0.01).Conclusion:Post-conditioning could protect brain by decreasing inflammatory factors,increasing GFAP,which both from brain injury induced by myocardial ischemia reperfusion.

Objective To investigate the effect of long-term proton pump inhibitor on osteoporosis in elderly patients.Methods A total of 150 patients with peptic ulcer treated in our hospital from January 2011 to January 2015 were selected as the observation group.150 healthy subjects were selected as the control group.The age,height,body weight and PPI time of the two groups were recorded.The changes of bone mineral density before and after treatment were measured by bone mineral density analyzer,ineluding lumbar L1-4,radial density and ulna density.The changes of bone mineral density were observed and recorded in the observation group before treatment,six months,1 year and 2 years after treatment.Results After treatment,the levels of gastrin were significantly increased in the observation group,and the serum calcium concentration and bone mineral density were significantly decreased (P＜0.05).The density of lumbar vertebrae,radius and ulna was significantly lower in observation group than those of control group (P＜0.05).With the prolongation of PPIs,lumbar vertebrae,radius and ulna density in observation group showed a decreasing trend.Conclusion Long-term application of proton pump inhibitors in elderly patients can cause bone loss.

Purpose To investigate the expression of FABP5 in oligodendroglioma and its clinic pathological significance.Methods Immunostaining of FABP5 and Ki-67 were performed in 87 oligodendrogliomas and 23 paracancerous brain tissues.The relationships between FABP5 expression and Ki-67 expression or clinic pathological parameters were statistically analyzed.Patients were followed up after operation.Results (1) The expression of FABP5 was significantly higher in oligodendroglioma [63.2％ (55/87)] than that in normal control [34.8％ (8/23)].(2)The expression of FABP5 was positively correlated with the histological grade (P =0.018,rs =0.254) and the Ki-67 expression (P =0.003,rs =0.318) in oligodendroglioma.(3) Univariate analysis showed that the expression of FABP5 protein,Ki-67 protein,age and chemotherapy were significant prognostic factors for oligodendroglioma patients.Conclusion FABP5 may play an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of oligodendroglioma,and could be used as a novel biological indicator of disease progress as well as prognosis for oligodendroglioma patients.

Objective To investigatc the role of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein-serine-threonine kinases (Akt) signal pathway in ginsenoside Rb1 pretreatment-induced attenuation of myocardial ischemiareperfusion (I/R) injury in diabetic rats.Methods Male SD rats weighing 250-300 g were used in this study.Diabetes mellitus was induced by intraperitoneal streptozotocin and confirmed by fasting blood glucose ≥ 16.7mmol/L.Eight weeks after diabetes mellitus was induced,48 rats were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n =12each):group myocardial I/R (group I/R); group ginsenoside Rb1 (group R); group ginsenoside Rb1 + wortmannin (PI3K inhibitor) (group RW) and group wortmannin (group W).Myocardial I/R was induced by occlusion of anterior descending branch of left coronary artery for 30 min followed by 120 min reperfusion.Ginsenoside Rb1 40 mg/kg was injected iv at 10 min before ischemia in groups R and RW,while in groups RW and W wortmannin 15 μg/kg was injected iv at 20 min before ischemia.Arterial blood samples were collected at the end of 120 min reperfusion for determination of creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities.The rats were then sacrificed.The infarct size was measured by tetrazolium method.Myocardial apoptosis was detected by TUNEL and apoptotic index (the number of apoptotic myocardial cells/the total number of myocardial cells) was calculated.The expression of Akt and phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt) was determined by Western blotting.Results Ginsenoside Rb1 pretreatment significantly reduced the infarct size,myocardial cell apoptotic index and serum CK and LDH activities and up-regulated p-Akt expression in group R as compared with group I/R.The protective effects of ginsenoside Rbl against myocardial I/R injury were significantly attenuated by wortmannin pretreatment in group RW compared with group R.Conclusion PI3K/Akt signal pathway is involved in the protective effects of ginsenoside Rb1 against myocardial I/R injury in diabetic rats.

Objective To investigate the relationship between apolipoprotein E(Apo E) gene poly-morphism and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and e-valuate the correlative risk factors. Method 40 cases of type 2 diabetes with MCI and 80 cases of type 2 diabetes without MCI were enrolled in this study. The polymorphism of the Apo E gene was detected by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP). According to the clinical data such as course of disease, plasma glucose, plasma fat and body mass index (BMI), the independent risk factors of T2DM and MCI were analyzed by non-conditional logistic regression. Results The frequency of Apo E ε_4 allele in the group of type 2 diabetes with MCI was higher than that without MCI ( 25.0% vs 10. 0% ), and the difference had statistical significance( P < 0. 01 ). The indexes of the statistical significant difference be-twcen the two groups were age, course of disease, postprandial blood glucose ( P2BG), HBA1C, BMI,family history of T2DM, hypertension, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic peripheral neuropathy, Apo E gene. The independent risk factors included diabetic retinopathy ( OR = 3. 452, P < 0. 05 ), diabetic peripheral neuropathy( OR = 3. 252, P <0. 05), Ape E gene( OR = 2. 441, P < 0.01 ), HBA1C ( OR = 1. 372, P <0.05), P2BG(OR = 1. 194, P <0.05), age(OR = 1. 194, P <0.01) and course of disease(OR =1. 142, P <0. 05). Conclusion Apo E ε_4 allele has significant relationship with T2DM and MCI. The age, course of disease, control of plasma glucose, and microvascular complication of diabetes have relation-ship with the cognitive function.

Objective To quantify sjTREC using a modified method in patients who underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem transplantation (all-HSCT),and determine the level of thymic output function and analyse the influencing factors in post-allo-HSCT patients.Methods Real time quantitative PCR was used to detect sjTREC levels from the peripheral blood DNA of pre-transplantation,14 d,28 d,3 m,6 m,9 m,1 y,1.5 y,2 y,2.5 y,and above 2.5 y after HSCT,and analyse thymic output function and related factors after HSCT.sjTREC levels in 24 normal individuals were also determined to use as the normal range.Results The mean of Log (sjTREC copies/ml) in normal individuals was 3.74±0.26.Negative correlation existed between thte Log sjTREC and the age (r =-0.65,P ＜ 0.01).There was no clear association between the TREC and the gender.Log sjTREC in pre-transplantation patients was 3.09±0.52,and the levels of sjTREC in 14 d,28 d,6 m,1 y after HSCT were 1.18±0.22,2.16±0.31,1.31±0.2,1.83±0.31,respectively.There was no significant difference between normal individuals and patients 1.5 years after HSCT.The post-transplantation level of sjTREC was not related to the age,but was negatively correlated to the acute graft versus host disease (aGVHD) 1 year after HSCT.There was no difference between patients with or without aGVHD 1.5 years post-HSCT.Conclusion The modified method for detecting sjTREC is applicable to allo-HSCT.The recovery of thymic output function after allo-HSCT is slow,in which aGVHD may have a negative effect.