Antimicrobial peptides ( AMPs) are a kind of micromolecular peptides with antibacterial , antivirus and anti-tumor activities.Unlike conventional antibiotics , acquisition of resistance by a sensitive microbial strain against AMPs is surprisingly improbable .AMPs are not widely used clinically due to their toxicity , susceptibility to proteolysis and high manufacturing cost .Researchers have obtained some AMPs with high activity and low toxicity by structure modifications . The molecular design of AMPs as well as their development in the future are reviewed .

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical effect ofcarboprost tromethamine combined with uterine strap suture in hemorrhage during cesarean section.MethodsSixty patients with hemorrhage during cesarean section were selected and divided by random digits table method into observation group and control group with 30 cases each.The patients in observation group were treated with carboprost tromethamine combined with uterine strap suture,while the patients in control group were treated with carboprost tromethamine alone.The clinical effect,blood loss,blood transfusion cases,transfusion volume and the occurrence of recurrent hemorrhage and complication of two groups were compared.ResultsCompared with control group,the efficiency in observation group was significantly higher [93.33％(28/30) vs.70.00％ (21/30),P＜ 0.05];blood loss,blood transfusion cases,transfusion volume and recurrent hemorrhage rate of observation group were obviously lower [ (603.35 ± 52.62) ml vs.(689.17 ± 50.36) ml,3 cases vs.10 cases,(640.21 ±63.58) ml vs.(726.17 ±68.74) ml,3.33％(1/30) vs.26.67％(8/30),P ＜0.05];the occurrence rate of complication of two groups had no statistical significance (P ＞ 0.05).ConclusionsCarboprost tromethamine combined with uterine strap suture can improve the clinical effect of patients with hemorrhage during cesarean section,decrease blood loss and transfusion volume,and reduce the recurrent hemorrhage rate.

AIM: To compare the therapeutic effects and adverse reactions of nicardipine and labetalol injection in treating acute and severe hypertensions. 　METHODS: Sixty-seven patients in nicardipine group (M 46, F 21; age 52 a± s 11 a) were given nicardipine 2 mg in 0.9 % sodium chloride or 5 % glucose injection 10 mL within 2 min iv, first, and then given 30 mg nicardipine in 0.9 % sodium chlocide or 5 % glucose injection 250 mL by continual intravenous infusion for 6 h. Sixty-one patients in labetalol group (M 41, F 20; age 53 a±9 a) received 50 mg labetalol in 5 % glucose injection 20 mL by intravenous once. The treatment could be repeated every 15 min, in case it was less effective, but the total dose should be no more than 200 mg.　RESULTS: The treatment for the nicardipine group and the labetalol group, reached the marked effect within 5 min. The total marked effective rate was all 100 % (P>0.05). Severe adverse reactions occured in the two patients (one occured significantly lowering of blood pressure, and the other aggravated asthma) in the labetalol group. 　CONCLUSION: Intravenous nicardipine and labetalol are fast and smooth in reducing the blood pressure of the patients with acute and severe hypertension, but the safety of nicardipine is superior to that of labetalol

Hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related thyroid dysfunction is a common complication in patients with chronic hepatitis C,including Graves' disease,Hashimoto thyroiditis,destructive subacute thyroiditis,hyperparathyroidism or hypothyroidism,with or without abnormal autoantibodies or thyroidrelated antibodies.The possible pathogenesis of HCV-related thyroid dysfunction includes bystander activation,molecular mimicry,effects of interferon and susceptibility associated with genetic polymorphism on particular locus.By now,there is still no criteria for diagnosis and treatment of HCV-related thyroid dysfunction.For patients with mild HCV-related thyroid dysfunction,observation may be appropriate; and for those with serious symptoms,anti-thyroid drug,levothyrocine,surgery or symptomatic treatment may be applied according to clinical symptoms.This paper gives an overview of the prevalence,clinical characteristics and possible pathogenesis of HCV-related thyroid dysfunction.

Objective:To study the mechanism and clinical significance of the precordial ST segment deviations in acute inferiorwall myocardial infarction (AIMI) involving adjacent area. Methods: Characteristics of electrocardiogram were analyzed in118 patients with AIMI. Results: (1)The magnitude of ST segment elevation of inferior wall leads (Ⅱ, Ⅲ and aVF) wassignificantly negatively correlated with that of precordial leads (P＜0.01). (2)The changed magnitude of ST segment oflead V2 (0.63±1.82 mm) and V2/aVF ratio (0.84±1.61) in 16 cases associated with right ventricular infarction weresignificantly higher than those of only inferior wall myocardial infarction group (V2:0.35±1.65 mm,V2/aVF ratio:0.29±1.28)(P＞0.05 and P＞0.05). (3)The magnitude of ST segment fall of lead V2(-1.20±1.52 mm) and V2/aVFratio (-0.33±1.15) in 38 cases associated with lateral-posterior wall in farction were higher than those of only inferiorwall infarction group (P＜0.05). (4)If the cases associated with right ventricular and lateral-posterior wall infarction werenot included, the ST segment correlation coefficient between inferior and precordial leads would significantly increase inAIMI (r =-0.797, P＜0.01). Conclusion:The directions of ST segment deviations of precordial leads elevate in casesassociated with right ventricular infarction and fall in eases associated with lateral-posterior wall infarction in AIMI.

This paper discusses project management of translational medicine in several important aspects:scientific planning,platform constructing,team building,process management,technology transfer,protection of intellectual property rights,supervision on ethics,and project funding system of the institutions.

OBJECTIVE:To analyze the current status of counterfeit in China and indicate the difficultie of identification.METHODS:The main characteristics of counterfeit drugs were discussed by representative cases.RESULTS & CONCLUSION:It is suggested that the department of the drug administrave should establish a more scientific,reasonable standardization procedure of conterfeit drugs identification aiming directly at the characteristics of counterfeit drugs,which was more sufficient,intensive and practicable legal evidence for defining,fighting and preventing counterfeit drugs.

The formation of advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs) is enhanced in diabetes mellitus, closely associated with diabetic vascular complication. In this review, biochemical properties and structures of AGEs,AGEs receptors and binding proteins ,pathogenic properties of AGEs,deposition and turnover of AGEs, inhibitors of AGEs were summarized.

Hybrid operating room is used and spread in China with the development of medical equipment and the integration of medical technology. As a new equipment and advanced technology, it faced some questions and challenges on its construction and development. We analyzed the definition, classification, construction and use which combined the development history and clinical application, and proposed some suggestions on how to strengthen the development and construction of hybrid operating room.

Objective To investigate papillary muscle function and construction in myocardial infarction(MI) patients by two-dimensional speckles tracking imaging(2D-STI),and to analyze the influence factors of ischemic mitral regurgitation.Methods Fifty myocardial infarction with ischemic mitral regurgitation(IMR) patients were brought into case group.The patients were divided into two groups:Ant MI group and Inf-Pos-MI group.Forty-five health volunteers were involved as control group.Anterior,posterior papillary muscle longitudinal strain (ALS,PLS),delay time(DT),fractional shortening (FS),length between the posterior or anterior papillary muscle tips and the contralateral anterior mitral annualr (APM AMA,PPM AMA),mitral leaflet closure (MLC),inter distance papillary muscle (IPMD) were aquired respectively.Papillary muscle function and construction among the groups were compared,and the effective factors of IMR were evaluated.Results Between the control group and Ant-MI group,the left ventricular end-diastolic diameter(LVEDD),left ventricular end-diastolic and end-systolic volume(LVEDV,LVESV),left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),ALS,delay time(DT),A FS,IPMD,MLC,APM-AMA,PPM-AMA were significantly different(all P ＜0.05).Between the control group and Inf-Pos-MI group the LVEDD,LVEDV,LVESV,EF,DT,PPM-AMA,MLC,PLS,P-FS were significantly different(P ＜0.05).Between the Ant-MI group and Inf-Pos-MI group,the LVEDD,LVEDV,LVESV,EF,MLC,ALS,PPM-AMA,PLS were significantly different (all P ＜ 0.05).In the Ant-MI group,LVEDV,ALS,MLC were significantly correated with Gensini score(r =0.71,-0.65,0.56;P ＜0.05).In the Inf-Pos-MI group,PPM AMA,PLS were significantly correated with Gensini score(r =0.65,-0.76;P ＜0.05).In the Ant MI group and Inf-Pos-MI group,the ALS,PLS,PPM-AMA were significantly different (P ＜ 0.05).Its correlates in Logistic analysis of Ant-MI group included LVEDV,MLC,DT with OR 1.48,1.72,1.54(P ＜0.05),respectively.Its correlates in logistic analysis of Inf Pos-MI group included PLS,PPM-AMA,DT with OR 1.78,1.57,1.56 (P ＜0.05),respectively.Conclusions There are different extent of damage of papillary muscle function and construction in Ant-MI group and Inf-Pos-MI group.The increases of LVEDV and MLC and desynchronization of PMs are risk factors of IMR in Ant-MI group.The increases of PMP-AMA,decrease PLS and desynchronization of PMs are risk factors of IMR inInf-Pos-MI group.