Objective To study some sensitive electrophysiological parameters in surveillance of allograft rejection.Methods Forty rats underwent heterotopic heart transplantations.IMEG was re- corded by an epicardiac unipolar pacing lead fixed at the right ventricular outflow tract.QRS amplitude and heart rate were determed daily in 10 syngeneic and 30 allogeneic transplants.Syngeneic transplants were killed at 7 th postoperative day,and allogeneic transplants killed at 3 rd,5 th and 7 th postopera- tive day.Histopathologie studies were performed at every transplanted heart.Results In syngeneic group,QRS amplitude kept constant after the transplantation while no significant differences were ob- served at the 3 rd,5 th and 7 th postoperative day.QRS amplitude was dropped obviously in allogeneic group after the first two postoperative days whereas significant differences were observed at the rejec- ting and non-rejecting hearts.Conclusions IMEG is a valid method to monitor acute allograft rejec- tion.QRS amplitude is a more sensitive electrophysiological parameter to diagnose severe rejections than heart rate,while mild rejections were not detected by this method.

Objective To sum up the experience of perioperative management of patients with heart transplantation.Methods In recent 3 years 24 cases of dilated cardiomyopathy,4 cases of(serious) valve disease,1 case of serious ischemic cardiomyopathy and 1 case of bi-ventricular assist(received) heart transplantation surgery.The mean by pass time was 75?24 min and the mean aortic clamp time was 72?8 min.Cyclosporine,MMF and prenisodone were adopted as anti-immune(response) strategy and the dose of cyclosporine was adjusted according to the serum concentration.(Intramyocardial) electrograms and tissue Doppler ultrasound technique were used to monitor the(immune) response situation.The myocardial biopsy was performed in case of the suspect of acute(rejection).Results In 5 postoperative deaths,3 cases died of low cardiac output,1 died of infection-(induced) multiple organ failure and 1 case died of serious bleeding.The postoperative complications(included) right heart failure in 6 cases,renal failure in 13 cases,and acute rejection in 4 cases.(Conclusion) The effective prevention and management of complications is the key point of success of heart transplantation.Application of comprehensive monitoring techniques is beneficial to the management of the immune rejection after transplantation.

Objective: To investigate the changes of osteoprotegerin ( OPG) and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand ( RANKL) level in perio-implant crevicular fluid ( PICF) and to monitor the development of the stability of Straumann ? tissue-level implants by resonance frequency analysis ( RFA) during the early phases of healing .Methods: A total of 35 implants ( length 10 mm ) were placed.PICF samples were collected with filter paper strips at baseline , 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, and 12 weeks post-surgery, respectively.The OPG, RANKL levels were determined by ELISA method .At the same time points, the implant stability quotient (ISQ) values were determined with Osstell TM mentor.Results:During healing , PICF-OPG levels increased significantly 2 weeks after surgery when compared with the 4th-, 6th-, 8th-and 12th-week reevaluation (P<0.05).The OPG/RANKL ratio in PICF was significantly higher ( P<0 .05 ) than that in gingival crevicular fluid at 1 week post-surgery .ISQ slightly fluctuated within the first 4 weeks after installation .Following this, the ISQ values increased steadily for all the implants and up to 12 weeks.Significant differences were noted between the mean ISQ values at the 12th-week and other observation time points .Conclusion: The PICF-OPG levels may be effective in monito-ring the process of osseointegration .All the ISQ values indicated the stability of Straumann ? implants over a 12-week healing period .RFA is a reliable and effective assistant to monitor implant stability .

Objective To evaluate the applicative value of ultrasound elastography in diagnosis of focal lesions in the parotid and submandibular glands.Methods 30 patients(30 lesions) were scanned by real-time ultrasound elastography and were analyzed in elastography evaluated criteria (5 score method).All the results were compared with the pathological types.Results The elastographic grades of most benign nodules were 1 - 3,while most of malignancy were 4 - 5.The elastographic grades of benign and malignant lesions were of significant difference statistically( P ＜0.01 ).If elastographic grade 4 or 5 were diagnosed as malignancies,the sensitivity,specificity and accuracy for diagnosing malignant l(e)sions in the parotid and submandibular glands were 72.73 ％,84.21 ％,80.00 ％,respectively.Conclusions Ultrasound elastography is useful in the differential diagnosis of focal lesions in the parotid and submandibular glands.

ObjectiveTo analyze the perioperative risk factors of right heart failure (RHF) in human heart transplantation, and to summarize the efficacy of targeted agent especially on pulmonary hypertension.Methods Patients underwent heart transplantation were selected by exclusion criteria : (1) acute heart or other organ failure, or supported by mechanical assist device ; (2) the difference between the body weight of donor and recipient was ＞ 20％ ; (3) the ischemic time of donor was＞ 6 h; (4) acute rejection episode after transplantation; (5) perioperative death.The clinical data of 96 patients were collected, including gender, age, body weight, protopathy, history of heart failure, preoperative systolic pulmonary arterial pressure (SPAP), left ventricle end diastolic diameter (LVEDD), preoperative ejection fraction(LVEF), preoperative blood creatinine, donor ischemic time and preoperative application of 5-PDEs.The diagnosis standard of RHF was established.The risk factors were analyzed through Logistic Regression.Patients were divided into two groups according to the systolic pulmonary arterial pressure (SPAP).In group A, SPAP was ＜40 mm Hg, and in group B with SPAP≥40 mm Hg.The correlation between two groups was tested byχ2 test.ResultsIn the multivariable analysis, age, history of valve disease, length of heart failure,and preoperative SPAP were the risk factors of RHF with the coefficient of 1.051, 1.351, 1.712 and 6.725, respectively.SPAP seems to be the most important risk factor.Coronary artery disease and preoperative application of 5-PDEs-I were the favorable factors with the coefficient of 0.056 and 0.034, respectively.Parameters regarding age, history of valve disease, length of heart failure between the two groups were significantly different.There were no significant differences in gender, body weight, diagnosed as dilated cardiomyopathy or coronary artery disease and other etiologies, preoperative LVEDD, preoperative EF, preoperative blood creatinine, isehemic time and RHF, though the incidence of RHF in group B was higher than in group A (67.6％ vs 45.8％).There was also no statistic difference in using of ECMO and the mortality rate between two groups.ConclusionPreoperative PAP was the main risk factor of the RHF after heart transplantation.Although there was no statistic difference, the incidence of RHF in patients with SPAP≥40 mm Hg was higher than in patients with SPAP ＜40 mm Hg .The application of targeted agent therapy and ECMO may be helpful in treating RHF after heart transplantation.

Objective To conclude the results of electrophysiological (EP) mapping and ganglianated plexis (GPs) ablation during the minimally invasive atrial fibrillation (AF) surgery.Methods During the period of Sep 2007 to May 2010 to-tally 185 paroxysmal atrial fibrillation cases were recruited receiving the minimally invasive AF surgery with video assistance.The EP mapping was used to test the dual direction block after ablation and the distribution of GPs was recorded.The sinus rhythm rate was followed up after surgery.Results All the minimally invasive surgery were performed successfully withoutdeath in the hospital.There was no permanent pacemaker implant and other serious complications.EP mapping results showed92％ pulmonary vein (PV) potential to the left atrium (LA) could be isolated with the dual direction block for the paroxysmal atrial fibrillation cases.And there were 89％ GPs positive,higher rate than the persistent AF.There were more GPs positive in the right PV area than the left and 86％ GPs lied at the LA domain,not the PV orifice.At least 5 or 6 ablation lesions were needed to get the dual direction block and denervation of the GPs.The sinus rhythm rate after surgery after 3,6,12 and 24months is 83.7％,82.4％,85.4％ and 83.9％.The 12 months follow up data showed the cases with more GPs positive (＞6) had 81.3％ sinus rate and the less GPs positive (≤2) group with 52.6％.Conclusion The EP mapping and GPsablation techniques during the minimally invasive AF ablation surgery could get good sinus rhythm rate during the long term follow up.

Objective To evaluate the application value of virtual touch tissue quantification(VTQ) in the differential diagnosis of small breast lesions.Methods Fifty-six patients with sixty-nine small breast lesions whose largest diameter were less than or equal to 1 cm were evaluated with VTQ.The shear wave velocity (SWV) of the lesions and normal breast tissue were measured to analyze the diversity of different pathological types lesions of SWV and to find the optimal cut-off points using ROC curve to predict small breast cancer.Resuits The mean SWV(Vm) and the ratio (mean of lesions and normal tissue) of SWV (Vm1/Vm2) in benign group was (2.93 ± 1.32)m/s,1.79 ± 0.63,respectively,and that in malignant group was (5.65 ± 2.63) m/s,3.61 ± 1.35,respectively,there were statistically significant differences between benign group and malignant group (t test,P ＜0.05).The cut-off point of Vm was determined as 4.43 m/ s,the sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of diagnosing breast cancer were 80.5％,89.3％,92.8％,respectively.The cut-off point of Vm1/Vm2 was determined as 2.37,the sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of diagnosing breast cancer were 76.9％,81.2％,89.9％,respectively.Conclusions VTQ technique can provide helpful information in the differential diagnosis of small breast lesions.

Objective To optimize and establish the methodology for culturing and inducing differentiation of mouse preadipocytes 3T3-L1. Methods The mouse cells 3T3-L1 were incubated in DMEM medium contained with 10%FBS, during which the incubation medium was refreshed every 2 to 3 days. Two methods were used to introduce differentiation, including three-drug combination group and four-drug combination group. The protocol of mediumⅠin three-drug combination group including insulin 10 mg/L, IBMX 0.5 mmol/L and DEX 1.0μmol/L. The protocol of mediumⅠin four-drug combination group including indometacin 0.1 mmol/L based on those of three-drug combination group. Both of them were incubated for 2 days and continuous for 2 times. And medium Ⅱ included insulin 10 mg/L for 2-day culturing and continuous for 2 times. Oil red O staining was used to observe the morphological changes of two groups of cells before and after treatment under inverted microscope. Results Mouse preadipocytes 3T3-L1 appeared in good conditions and grew in a paving stone fashion. These cells covered homogeneously the bottom of incubators, the culture medium refreshed every 2 days. The results of four-drug combination group were better than those of three-drug combination group. After three-drug combination induced differentiation, there was no significant change in cell morphology. Comparing with three-drug combination induced differentiation, four-drug combination was successfully achieved in over 90% of the cell inducing, which were round-shaped, with jacinth ester droplets by oil-red O staining. Conclusion We have optimized the method for culturing and inducing differentiation of mouse preadipocytes 3T3-L1 by adding indometacin on the basis of the three-drug combination induced differentiation.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect of a new product of bioactive glass, Perioglas((R)) on human periodontal intrabony defects.

METHODSTwenty periodontal intrabony defects in 10 healthy adults were selected. Four weeks after an initial therapy, they were randomly assigned to either a BAG experimental (open flap debridement with BAG, totally 13 defects) or a control OFD (simple open flap debridement, totally 7 defects) group. For both groups, routine flap procedure was performed, but the Perioglas((R)) was implanted only in the BAG group. The followings were recorded before the operation and repeated at the 3rd and 6th month evaluations: plaque index (PLI), bleeding index (BI), gingival recession (REC), probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment loss (CAL).

RESULTSAt the 3rd and 6th months after operation, both groups showed significant reduction in PD and CAL. PD and CAL in BAG group at baseline were 6.19 mm and 6.31 mm, which were 3.23 mm and 3.65 mm at 6th after surgery, respectively. PD and CAL in OFD group at baseline were 6.86 mm and 7.71 mm, which were 4.50 mm and 5.35 mm at 6 th after surgery, respectively. And the BAG group showed significant reduction in BI, which from 2.77 at baseline to 0.65 at 6th month post-operation. BI, PD and CAL in BAG group were significantly lower than those in OFD group. The reduction of BI in BAG group was significantly more than that in OFD group.

CONCLUSIONSThe bioactive glass is effective as an adjunct to conventional surgery in the treatment of intrabony defects.

Adult ; Alveolar Bone Loss ; surgery ; Biocompatible Materials ; Bone Substitutes ; Ceramics ; Dental Implants ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To construct the micro-invasive immune rejection monitoring methods with peripher-al blood mononuclear cell gene expression detection and evaluate the clinic rejection estimation value. Methods The SYBR Green Ⅰ was used as fluorescent dye and the GAPDH as house keeping gene control in the quantitatiun RT-PCR technique to observe the 16 immune rejection relative genes expression features after heart transplantation. results were also compared with that of the normal people. Results The 16 immune rejection relative genes expres-sion were no different between normal people and the transplantation recipients before surgery (P>0.05). After heart transplantation the expression of ITGA4, FKB, ILI R-2 up regulated and the level of PF4、ITGAM、TGFβ1、 RHOU down regulated. The results were similar with the clinic observation that the immune rejection often occurs in the first 3 months after heart transplantation. It implied that these 7 genes may play an important role in the acute im-mune rejection after transplantation. Conclusion The real time quantitation RT-PCR methods were constructed suc-cessfully to detect the multiple immune relative genes expression and is of chnic applicable.