Acupuncture Therapy ; Anal Canal ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; complications ; Middle Aged ; Pain ; etiology ; Rectal Diseases ; etiology ; pathology ; therapy

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of patient education on patients with allergic rhinitis (AR). METHOD: From January 2009 to December 2013, 100 cases of allergic rhinitis were treated. The patients were randomly divided into experimental group or control group by Stochastic tables law,50 patients in control group accepted only drug treatment, 50 patients in experimental group accepted both drug treatment and patient education. The difference in compliance with treatment, treatment effect, incidence of adverse drug reactions and complications, average costs and times of treatment between two groups were evaluated by the rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire (RQLQ) score. The independent sample t-test and χ2 test were used for statistical analysis. RESULT: The patients of experimental group showed more positive attitude to treatment compared to the patients of control group (P < 0.01). The average scores of each classification and overall symptoms after treatment in experimental group were lower than those in control group (P < 0.05). The incidence of adverse drug reactions (nose-bleed, dry nose,nasal mucosa ulcer)and complications in patients with AR (asthma, chronic cough, secretory otitis media) in experimental group was lower than that in control group, with statistically differences (P < 0.05). The average times of treatment and costs of diagnosis and treatment(calculation of budesonide nasal spray)in experimental group were significantly lower than those in control group (P < 0.01). The total score for RQLQ and the scores of seven dimensions in experimental group were lower than those in control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Patient education can help the patients with AR to cooperate actively with treatment, to reduce the incidence of adverse drug reactions and AR complications, and to save medical costs and improve the quality of life.
Budesonide ; therapeutic use ; Chronic Disease ; Humans ; Incidence ; Patient Education as Topic ; Patient Participation ; Quality of Life ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; therapy ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Objective To study the epidemiologic features of functional bowel disorders (FBD)among medical students and science and engineering students in Zhejiang province,China,and to explore the relationship between psychological factors and FBD.Methods This study was a survey of random sampling based on the Rome Ⅲ Diagnostic Questionnaire ( Rome Ⅲ -DQ) conducted from November 2010 to March 2011.The survey was carried out among medical students and science and engineering students respectively in two universities in Zhejiang province.Symptom Check List 90 ( SCL-90 ) was used for psychological analysis.Results Among 1870 participants,1033 were diagnosed as FBD based on Rome Ⅲ criteria,with an overall incidence of 55.24％.The majority cases were unspecified functional bowel disorder,with an incidence of 26.58％ (497/1870),others were functional constipation 16.95％(317/1870),irritable bowel syndrome 6.90％ ( 129/1870),functional bloating 4.12％ (77/1870) and functional diarrhea 0.70％ (13/1870).The prevalence varied in different genders,majors and grades.In the multivariate analysis,women had a higher risk of any FBD than men [ 68.33％ (617/903) vs 43.02％(416/967) ] except for functional diarrhea; and medical students had a higher risk of any FBD than science and engineering students [ 68.53％ ( 734/1071 ) vs 37.42％ ( 299/799 ) ].Generally higher grade undergraduates had relatively higher risks than lower grade students,especially in medical students.Among the participants with FBD,44.05％ (455/1033) had other functional gastrointestinal disorders.In those overlapped parts,9.00％ ( 93/1033 ) had belching disorders,and 8.23％ ( 85/1033 ) had functional dyspepsia.Students with FBD got higher scores in SCL-90 than healthy students.Conclusions This study revealed a high rate of FBD among college students in Zhejiang province.The prevalence varied in different majors,and female higher than male.Psychological factors also had close relationships with FBD.

BACKGROUND:There is often space between implant and bone during immediate implantation.Whether biological membrane is needed to guide bone regeneration remains poorly understood.OBJECTIVE:To createdifferent sizes of space between femurand implantsindogs and to observe the effects of biological membrane on bone regeneration capacity of bone defects surrounding implants.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:A self-control animal experiment was performed at the Laboratory Animal Center,Norman Bethune College of Medicine,Jilin University and School of Stomatology,Jilin University between March and December 2005.MATERIALS:BLB hydroxyapatite-coated implant was provided by Beijing Leiden Biomaterial Co.,Ltd.,China;BME-10X collagen membrane was purchased from Fujian Better Biotechnology Co..Ltd.,China.METHODS:BLB implants were installed in the bilateral proximal femoral bone to create standard gradient bone defects with horizontal width 3 mm.vertical depth 5 mm,and horizontal lengths of 0,1,2,3,and 4 mm Bone defects on the left femur were sutured directly and those on the right femur were covered with biological membrane prior to suture.All animals were sacrificed at 3 months after surgery.Specimens containing implants were harvested to prepare tissue blocks for radiological observation.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:The quantity,color,and texture of newly formed bone surrounding implants were observed from the surface and profile levels.The implant-bone integration and new bone formation were also examined by soft X-ray photography.RESULTS:Grossobservation results revealed that when the horizontal length of bone defect was 3 mm or less,there was no significant differenee in bone density between the newly formed bone and the host bone no matter whether biological membrane existed or not;when the horizontal length of bone defect was 4 mm the bone density was better when biological membranes were used than not.Soft X-ray photography results revealed that when the horizontal length ofbone defect was 3 mm or less.no significant difference in bone density and bone trabecular morphology and orientating was found between newly formed bone and host bone no matter whether biological membrane was used or not;in the 4-mm-length bone defect areas.implants contacted with newly formed bone directly,but the calcified degree ofnewly formed bone was poor,bone trabecula was thin,and bone trabecular course was irregular,nevertheless,the calcified degree of newly formed bone was better under the condition of being with biological membrane than without biological membrane.CONCLUSION:Biological membrane exhibits strong capacity to promote the regeneration and repair of bone defect tissue with a horizontal length of 3 mm or less,and plays an important role in repatr of large sizes of bone detect

Objective To know the distribution of pathogenic bacteria in the hospital ,and to provide scientific evidence for con‐trolling hospital infection and clinical medication .Methods Samples of the hospitalized patients and the data of bacteria culture and isolation in the hospital were collected and statistically analysed retrospectively from January 2011 to December 2013 .Bacterial iden‐tification and drug sensitivity test were carried out by using VITEK 2 Compact automated bacterial identification and drug sensitive system .The clinical distribution and drug resistance characteristics of the strains were analyzed by using WHONET5 .4 and SPSS17 .0 software .Results In the hospital ,71 929 specimens were received from 2011 to 2013 totally ,the detection rate of patho‐genic bacteria was 18 .5% .Sputum(62 .8% ) ,secretions and pus(11 .3% ) ,blood(10 .3% ) were the top three types of specimens which had larger positive numbers .Gram negative bacteria are the main kind of pathogenic bacteria in the hospital ,accounting for 73 .3% .Gram positive bacteria accounted for 25 .0% .E .coli(21 .1% ) ,Pseudomonas aeruginosa(14 .8% ) ,Acinetobacter baumannii (12 .5% ) ,Klebsiella pneumoniae (12 .2% ) and Staphylococcus aureus(11 .04% ) were the top five pathogenic bacteria .The drug resistance of the isolates were as follows .Gram‐negative bacteria showed resistance of different extents to broad‐spectrum penicil‐lins ,quinolones ,cephalosporins except for the 4th generationsand and aminoglycosides .Over 80% Staphylococcus aureus showed re‐sistance to penicillin ,erythromycin and clindamycin ,but the rate to Oxacillin were decreasing year by year .Enterobacteria were still most sensitive to carbapenems with a sensitive rate over 98 .6% .However ,the emergence of Carbapenem‐resistent enterobacteria from 2011 to 2013 was worthy of clinical attention .Conclusion The type of positive specimens were mainly sputum .Gram negative bacteria are the main pathogenic bacteria ,and have obvious multi-drug resistance .E .Coli is the superiority strains ,fungal infection rate are increasing year by year .Doctors and hospital infection controlling department should pay attention to the monitoring of bac‐terial resistance and improve the rational use of antimicrobial drugs .

Objective To investigate the clinical treatment of infective endocarditis with vegetations in pregnant women and the outcomes of the gestation. Methods Nine cases of pregnant women diagnosed as infective endocarditis with vegetations in Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 2001 to October 2015 were enrolled in retrospective analysis. Consultations were held by doctors from department of obstetrics, anesthesiology, cardiology, cardial surgery and extracorporeal circulation to decide the individualized treatment plan for the 9 cases of pregnant women after admissions. Clinical treatments including general treatment, anti-infection treatment, cardiac surgery, and termination of pregnancy surgery were completed through collaboration among related departments. The clinical characters, therapeutic regimens, maternal and neonatal outcomes of the 9 cases were analyzed. Results (1)Clinical characters: the ages of the 9 cases of pregnant women were from 25 to 36 years old. The onset gestational ages were from 19 to 36 weeks. Clinical symptoms: fever, cough, sputum and progressive anemia were the main symptoms. Patients had cyanosis of lips, could not lie on the back or even be orthopnea, when heart failure happened. Heart murmur was audible and splenomegaly was touched in physical examination. Blood cultures were positive. Basic heart disease types: 7 cases of congenital heart diseases included 2 cases of aortic insufficiency, 1 case of mitral insufficiency, 1 case of patent ductus arteriosus, 1 case of right ventricular outflow tract stenosis and 2 cases of ventricular septal defect.Two cases of rheumatic heart diseases included 1 case of mitral stenosis, 1 case of mitral stenosis after artificial disc changed and jammed. According to endocardial vegetations attached position there were 3 cases of mitral valve vegetations, 2 cases of pulmonary valve vegetations, 3 cases of aortic vegetations and 1 case of right ventricular outflow tract neoplasm. Preoperative heart function classification:1 case of levelⅡ, 3 cases of levelⅢ, 5 cases of levelⅣ.(2)Treatments:general treatment included oxygen uptake, rest in bed, cardiac strengthen and diuretic therapy, etc. Combined and adequate antibiotics were applied in anti-infection treatment according to drug sensitive test. Nine cases of pregnant women were all performed surgical treatment of heart diseases and removal of the endocardial vegetations. Caesarean sections were performed for 2 cases in second trimester and for 7 cases in last trimester. Cardiac surgery and caesarean section were operated in 6 cases at the same time among 22-34 weeks of pregnancy. Cardiac surgery were respectively operated in 2 cases 11 days and 32 days after the caesarean section at 33, 37 weeks of pregnancy. While Cardiac surgery was operated (at 26 weeks of pregnancy) before the caesarean section (at 37 weeks of pregnancy) in another 1 case. (3) Maternal and neonatal outcomes:7 cases of pregnant women were rescued successfully, while 2 cases of pregnant women were death. Postoperative heart function classification: 1 case of level Ⅰ, 2 cases of levelⅡ, 4 cases of levelⅢand 2 cases of levelⅥ. Neonatal survivals were 6 cases including 2case of full-term infants, 4 cases of preterm infants. Stillbirth or neonatal death were 3 cases, which included 2 cases performed caesarean section in second trimester and 1 case of very low weight infant who was given up treatment by family because of severe asphyxia. Followed up periods were from 1 to 7 years with an average time of (2.0 ± 1.6) years. Infants and young children grew and developed well during the period of follow up. Conclusions The risk is extremely high of pregnancy with infective endocarditis with vegetations. But there is still a way to save the maternal and neonatal life by using a multidisciplinary collaboration formulation and implementation of individualized treatment plan and selecting the appropriate time for heart surgery and the termination of pregnancy.

This article briefly reviews the development of Traditional Chinese Medicine Thesaurus of China. As a professional thesaurus on TCM, its status and role in the database construction, literature retrieval, cataloging, periodicals indexing and information standardization were discussed. Its significance in the medical information organization, and data resource integration were described in this paper.

Objective To study the influence of different implant diameters on the implant-bone-interface stress distributions in zygomatic implant denture and illustrate the correlation between implant diameter and long-dated success rate of zygomatic implant denture.Methods Three-dimensional finite element model for maxilla and zygoma was established biomechanically in this study by spiral CT technique and finite element software technique,and zygomatic implant was simulated into the model in the first-maxillary-molar region.Zygomatic-implant-denture load cases concerning different implant diameters(3.5,4.0 and 5.0 mm) were designed and loaded vertically,obliquely.The implant-bone-interface stress distributions were analyzed by 3-D finite element method.Results The model could be observed from any angle,and had good geometric similarity compared with CT image.Stress peak values among these load cases with different diameters were compared,the load case with 3.5 mm diameter appeared the largest stress peak value,the load case with 4.0 mm diameter appeared the larger stress peak value and the load case with 5.0 mm diameter appeared the least stress peak value.As the implant diamater increased(3.5 mm→4.0 mm→5.0 mm),the compressive and tensive stress peak values of implant-bone interface in the maxillary alveolar ridge and the zygomatic area near maxillary sinus roof decreased gradually,the stress of implant-bone interface in the maxillary alveolar ridge was significantly larger than that of implant-bone interface in the zygoma area and compressive stress peak value was larger than tensive stress peak value.Conclusion The implant-bone-interface stress distributions tend towards uniformity as the implant diameter increases.Select wider-diameter implant as possible as the residual bone permitted clinically.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of functional dyspepsia (FD) and its relationship with psychological factors in college students of Zhejiang Province. Methods The students of two colleges in Zhejiang Province were selected.The multi-stage stratified random cluster sampling method was conducted.The Rome Ⅲ adult FD diagnosis questionnaire (ROME Ⅲ-DQ) and psychological symptoms self rating scale questionnaire (SCL-90) was applied in the investigation.The data were analyzed by x2 test and t test.Results A total of 1870 college students of Zhejiang Province were surveyed.The prevalence of FD was 5.78％.The prevalence in female was higher than that in male (7.53 ％ vs 4.14 ％,x2 =9.884,P＜0.05).The prevalence in senior students was highest in all grade (x2 =13.83,P＜0.05).In FD subtypes,postprandial distress syndrome was more than epigastric pain syndrome.The functional constipation and functional defecation disorders were most common in the overlap with other functional gastrointestinal disorders. In SCL-90 questionnaire survey,the scores of each factor of FD group were higher than those of the healthy control group.Conclusions The prevalence of FD was high in the college students of Zhejiang Province. The incidence was correlated with psychological factors.

Objective The poor sleep quality of epileptic patients may be partly due to the occurrence epileptiform discharges (EDs).We observed the number of interictal discharges in each sleep stage and explored the associations between EDs and sleep phases in epilepsy patients.Methods Two hundred and forty epileptic patients and 213 healthy volunteers were enrolled in the current study.For all subjects,video-electroencephalogram monitoring and 24 h-night polysomnography were conducted to detect EDs and analyze the sleep structures.Results EDs were detected in 88.7％ (213/240) of epilepsy patients with the most frequent cases from the temporal lobe.The EDs detected during waking,sleeping,or both waking and non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep stage accounted for 20.6％ (44/213),40.4％ (86/213),and 38.9％ (83/213) of the total patients,respectively.The total sleep time and time spent in REM were similar between the epileptic patients and healthy volunteers.However,epileptic patients spent a significantly longer mean sleep time in NREM Ⅰ-Ⅱ ((304 ±39) min versus (225 ±29) min,t =3.51,P =0.000) and less in NREM Ⅲ-Ⅳ ((49 ± 7) min versus (133 ± 17) min,t =2.30,P =0.000) than healthy volunteers.Furthermore,asymmetric sleep spindles and fragmentary sleep structure as well as high inversion frequency were found in epilepsy patients,respectively.Conclusion Combination of long-term video electroencephalogram with polysomnography is a useful method to analyze associations between EDs and the sleep-wake cycle.This strategy can also help identify the nature of sleep disorders in epileptic patients,which may improve the treatment efficacy.