Cerebellar arteries and their branches injected with red latex were observed on 50 adult human brains with the naked eye and stereomicroscope. The external and internal diameters of the arteries and the thickness of their walls were measured.According to the distribution, we named the middle inferior cerebellar artery as anterior inferior cerebellar artery, and the long stem type of the anterior inferior cerebellar artery as the posterior infericr cerebellar artery. So that, there are only three pairs of cerebellar arteries: the superior, the anterior inferior and the posterior inferior arteries. Each of the three arteries may be single-branched double-branched or wanting. So the number of the cerebellar arteries is inconstant. The origins of these arteries are variable and the majority of the abnormal sites of origin are situated adjacent to the normal site rostrally. The arterial distributions on both sides are mostly unsymmetrical. These arteries anastomose with each another. If the anterior inferior cerebellar artery is absent the other two arteries of the same side compensate for its loss. While the posterior inferior cerebellar artery is absent or thin it will be compensated for not only by the others of the same side but also by the branches from the corresponding artery of the opposite side. Concerning the diameter of these arteries, the superior cerebellar artery is the largest; the posterior inferior cerebellar artery comes next and the anterior inferior cerebellar artery is the smallest. The blood flow of the inferior surface of the cerebellum, supplied by the posterior inferior artery together with the anterior inferior artery is more abundant than that of the superior surface supplied only by the superior artery.Posterior inferior cerebellar arteries may be classified into two types:deep situated and superficial siluated types. The latter takes 36.8%. It can easily be found and safely operated when performing the operation of anastomosing the posterior inferior cerebellar artery with the occipital artery.

Objective:To understand the current situation of the demand for humanistic care of schizophrenics in convalescence and analyze the influencing factors, so as to provide the basis for clinical nurses to carry out targeted humanistic care for patients.Methods:A self-produced scale with a total score of 49-245 was used to investigate 516 convalescent period schizophrenic patients in 18 tertiary mental health institutions in 13 provinces of China, single factor analysis and multiple regression analysis were performed on their influencing factors.Results:The Likert 5-point scoring method was used. The overall score of the nursing care needs of hospitalized schizophrenic patients was (202.85±35.06) points, and the average score of total items were (4.14±0.16) points. Multiple linear regression results showed female ( B=0.100, P=0.024), stable marriage ( B=-0.098, P=0.026),high school (including secondary school) Education ( B=-0.107, P=0.018), family per capita monthly income of 2 000 yuan or above ( B=0.093, P=0.043),central region ( B=-0.110, P=0.014) were the main factors that affect the demand for humanistic care of inpatients with schizophrenia in convalescence. Conclusion:The hospitalized schizophrenic patients have higher and diversified needs for humanistic care. Patients with different genders, marital status, education level, monthly family income and living area have different needs for humanistic care. Individualized and standardized nursing should be given according to the actual situation of patients' needs to provide a more supportive environment for their rehabilitation.

Objective·To investigate the effects of sennoside A(SA)on the formation of atherosclerotic plaque and the expression of 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT)and its receptor in mice with diabetes mellitus type 2(T2DM).Methods·Twelve mice with knocked-out apolipoprotein E gene were randomly divided into two groups,namely the model group and the model+SA group,with six mice in each group.Six C57BL/6J mice with the same genetic background were used as the control group.The control group was fed with normal diet,and the model group and the model+SA group were given intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin(30 mg/kg)daily on the basis of high-fat diet to establish a model of T2DM.The model+SA group was given SA daily by gavage for 8 weeks,and the control group and the model group were given equal volume of distillation-distillation H2O by gavage.The body weight,fasting blood glucose(FBG)and 2-h postprandial blood glucose of mice were compared before and after modeling and treatment.The area of aortic plaque was observed by oil red O staining and hematoxylin-eosin(H-E)staining,and the level of 5-HT in serum and thoracic aorta was measured by ELISA kit.Western blotting was used to detect the expression of 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B(HTR2B)and serotonin transporter(SERT)in thoracic aorta of mice.Results·Compared with the control group,the body weight,FBG and 2-h postprandial blood glucose in the model group increased,and glucose metabolism was disordered.The expression of HTR2B and SERT protein in thoracic aorta increased,while the concentration of 5-HT in thoracic aorta decreased.The serum 5-HT concentration increased(all P<0.05).After treatment with SA,compared with the model group,the body weight of the model+SA group decreased,and FBG and 2-h postprandial blood glucose were significantly improved.The area of aortic plaque and the expression of HTR2B and SERT protein in thoracic aorta significantly decreased,while the concentration of 5-HT increased.The serum 5-HT concentration decreased(all P<0.05).Conclusion·SA can reduce atherosclerotic plaque area in T2DM mice,which may be related to lowering blood glucose and inhibiting the expression of 5-HT and its receptor.