Objective To investigate the relationship between serum fatty acid binding protein(FABP)1,FABP2 and diabetic kidney disease(DKD)in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)and its diagnostic value.Methods A total of 170 patients with T2DM diagnosed and treated in this hospital from January 2020 to December 2022 were selected as the research objects.According to urinary albumin to creatinine ratio(UACR),they were divided into non-DKD group(UACR<30 mg/g,72 cases)and DKD group(UACR≥30 mg/g,98 cases).A total of 60 healthy people in the same hospital during the same period were selected as the control group.Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between serum FABP1,FABP2 and renal function related indicators.Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing fac-tors of DKD.Receiver operating characteristic curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of serum FABP1 and FABP2 for DKD.Results The DKD group had significantly higher serum levels of FABP1 and FABP2 than the non-DKD group and the control group(P<0.05),and the non-DKD group had significantly higher serum levels of FABP1 and FABP2 than the control group(P<0.05).Compared with the non-DKD group,the DKD group had a significantly lower eGFR and significantly higher UACR,serum creatinine,blood urea nitrogen,and serum uric acid levels(P<0.05).Serum FABP1 and FABP2 levels were positively correla-ted with UACR,serum creatinine,blood urea nitrogen,and negatively correlated with eGFR(P<0.05).In-creased serum FABP1 and FABP2 levels were independent risk factors for DKD.The serum FABP1,FABP2 joint detection diagnosis efficiency was better than that of serum FABP1,FABP2 detection alone(Z=4.712,4.363,P=0.001,0.002).Conclusion The serum levels of FABP1 and FABP2 are increased in patients with DKD,and they are related to the degree of renal function damage,which are independent risk factors for the occurrence of DKD in patients with T2DM.The combined detection of FABP1 and FABP2 has a high diagnos-tic efficiency for the occurrence of DKD in patients with T2DM.