Objective To investigate the effect of nobiletin,a citrus polymethoxy flavonoid,on hepatocarcinoma Heps in mice and to explore its immunological mechanism.Methods Mice tumor models were made by transplantation of Heps hepatocarcinoma cell strain.The tumor mass was weighed to calculate the tumor-inhibitory rates.The whole cellular immunity was observed by delayed type hypersensitivity(DTH).MTT assay was used to detect the proliferation of T and B lymphocyte,and the activities of cytotoxic T lymphocytes(CTL) and natural killing cells(NKC) were measured by lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) releasing method.Results Nobiletin could markedly inhibit the growth of hepatocarcinoma Heps(solid tumor).The decreased DTH in hepatocaricinoma mice was enhanced significantly,and T and B lymphocyte proliferation were increased by nobiletin.Meanwhile,the killing activities of CTL and NKC were promoted obviously.Conclusion Improvement of the immune function may be a vital route of nobiletin in inhibiting the proliferation of hepatocarcinoma Heps in mice.

Objective To investigate the CT manifestations of gastric carcinoma invasion to lesser omentum and to assess the im-pact of lesser omentum on the spreading of gastric carcinoma.Methods We retrospectively reviewed CT findings in 48 patients with gastric carcinoma and lesser omentum involved for primary tumor and the lesser omentum abnormalities.The influence of lesser o-mentum on the extension of gastric carcinoma as well as the accompanied ascites were also analyzed.Results CT manifestations of lesser omentum involvement in gastric carcinoma included the following items:① direct infiltration (35.4%,1 7/48),which was mainly shown as increased density of fatty tissue and the development of mass within the lesser omentum,including spreading into the liver through the lesser omentum directly in two cases;② omental seeding (25.0%,12/48),including smudged appearance (1 1 cases)and omental caking (1 case);③ metastasis of lymph nodes (64.6%,31/48),including enlargement and increase of lymph nodes (27 cases)and cystic mass (4 cases).Ascites was found in 1 1 patients and fluid collection in the lesser sac was shown in 3 of these 1 1 patients.The lesser omentum forms the anterior wall of the lesser sac and separates the fluid collection in the lesser sac from the ascites in the greater peritoneal cavity.Ascites was associated with the omental seeding statistically.Conclusion CT scan is helpful for detecting lesser omentum invasion by gastric carcinoma.The imaging features consist of mass sign,enlargement of lymph nodes,smudged andcakingappearance,and so on.Lesser omentum may also play a certain role in both the extension of gastric carcinoma and the compartmentalization of ascites due to gastric carcinoma.

Mild cognitive impairment is the intermediate state between normal aging and dementia, which is considered as the best intervention window period to delay or reverse cognitive impairment. This pa-per summarizes the cognitive training techniques and challenges in Community-dwelling Elderly with mild cognitive impairment,which includes strategy-based cognitive train,process-based cognitive train,multi-mode comprehensive train,computer-aided cognitive train,and in order to provide theoretical support for the prac-tice of cognitive training.

OBJECTIVEChronic hypoxia at high altitude might result in cardiopulmonary adaptations including pulmonary arterial hypertension and cardiac remodeling. But little is known about the adaptive changes in healthy children born and living at high altitude. We compared the echocardiographic measurements between the healthy children living at 16 m (Shanghai, n = 220) and 3 700 m (Qinghai, total 257, Han children 117, Tibetan children 140).

METHODSChildren's age ranged from 15 d to 14 years. Echocardiography measurements were performed, values of the left and right ventricular dimensions and wall thickness, systolic and diastolic function including cardiac output index (CI), as well as mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) were obtained.

RESULTSmPAP and right heart dimension, CI, right ventricular anterior wall thickness were significantly higher while ventricular systolic and diastolic function were significantly lower in 3 700 m group than in 16 m group (all P < 0.05). Left ventricular dimension was similar between the two groups. There were no differences on above measured parameters between the Han and Tibetan children from 3 700 m group (all P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSChildren born and living at high altitude in China have significantly higher mPAP, dilated right heart and lower systolic and diastolic function of both ventricles and higher CI compared to children born and living at see-level. Above parameters were similar between the Han and the Tibetan childen born and living at high altitude. Present study provides reference values for the healthy children living at high altitude.

Adolescent ; Altitude ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Diastole ; Echocardiography ; Heart ; Heart Ventricles ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; Hypoxia ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Lung ; Systole