Objective To study the polymorphisms of the large mutiplefunctional protease (LMP2) genes in women with severe pre-eclampsia (S-PE) and the sharing rate of LMP 2 in these women and their partners and couples. Methods Totally, 102 S-PE women and their husbands were enrolled in the study group, and 200 normal pregnant women and their husbands as control. The types of LMP2 alleles were assessed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment lengthpolymorphism method (PCR-RFLP) after PCR. Results The frequency of LMP2R/H in S-PE group was significantly higher than that of the control (53.9% vs 35.%, P

Objective To study the association between paternal CD3, CD4 and CD8 antigenecity to their pregnant spouses and the development of pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH). Methods Maternal serum from 15 women with PIH in the third trimester and 82 in normal pregnancies (16 in the first, 32 in the second and 34 in the third trimester) were incubated with paternal T lymphocytes. Monoclonal CD3, CD4 and CD8 fluorescent conjugated antibodies were then added and the percentage of paternal T cell differentiation antigen CD3, CD4 and CD8 were measured by flow cytometry. Results During normal pregnancy, the levels of maternal serum blocking antibodies on paternal CD3, CD4 and CD8 were (4.14?1.02, 2.02 ?0.24, 2.37?1.05)% in first trimester, (-0.29?0.13, 1.03?0.27, 0.65?0.23)% in the second trimester and (-1.33?1.47,0.15?0.01, -1.04? 0.37)% in the third trimester. There were significant difference between them( P

Objective To investigate the risky sexual behaviors,associated factors and characteristics of sexual network among clients receiving methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) at the clinics in Taizhou prefecture of Zhejiang province.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted.Data was collected through questionnaire and from the national unified MMT system.Urine was collected to test heroin,methamphetamine,3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and ketamine.Blood was collected to test infections on HIV,hepatitis C vims(HCV) and syphilis.Results Totally,362 clients were recruited.Most of the clients were male (88.7％),31--40 year-olds (54.5％),married (61.6％) and having received junior high school education (56.6％).85.1％ of them received urine test with 82(26.6％) positive for heroin,21 (6.8％) positive for methamphetamine,19 (6.2％) positive for MDMA and none for ketamine.77.1％ of them received blood test,and prevalence rates for HIV,HCV and syphilis were 1.1％,36.7％ and 3.6％.19.5％ of the clients who had sex in the past 6 months.Factors as having multiple sexual partners and positive for club drugs were under higher risk.Sexual networking seemed to be loose,linear and acyclic among this population but overlapping with the drug-using network.Conclusion Effective and targeted interventions should be taken among the MMT clients since continuing drug use and HIV/STD related sexual behavior were found common in them,suggesting there was a risk of HIV/STD transmission in this ppulation.

Objective To examine the prevalence and correlates of hepatitis C virus (HCV) co-infection as well as plasma HCV viral load among newly diagnosed HIV-infected adults during 2009-2012 in Taizhou prefecture of Zhejiang province,China.Methods Five hundred and seventy-two adults who were newly diagnosed as HIV-infection were screened for anti-HCV immunoglobulin G (IgG).Plasma HCV RNA was quantified if positive for HCV IgG.Results Forty-two (7.3％) out of the 572 HIV-infected adults were tested positive for HCV IgG.HCV infection was more likely to occur among participants who were infected with HIV through blood transmission (OR=49.46,95％CI:13.71-178.48).Otherwise,HCV infection was less likely to occur among participants who were under 46-86 years of age (OR=0.12,95％CI:0.02-0.58),those with mode of homosexual transmission of HIV (OR=0.11,95％ C I:0.01-0.86),with education of high school or above (OR=0.13,95％ CI:0.02-0.78).Thirty-three (78.6％) of the total 42 HIV-HCV patients with coinfection had detectable plasma HCV RNA,whereas 9 (21.4％) had undetectable plasma HCV RNA (i.e.,lower than 5.0 × 102 IU/ml) or known as relative HCV viral suppression.No significant associations were noticed on factors as:HCV viral suppression and demographics,HIV transmission route and CD4 + T-cell counts according to univariate regression analyses.Conclusion Prevalence of HCV co-infection was relatively high among newly diagnosed HIV-infected adults in this study area.Majority of the HIV-HCV coinfected patients had detectable plasma HCV RNA,of which the long term impact on disease progression deserves called for further research.

Objective:To investigate the effect of vitamin D supplementation on weight loss efficacy and insulin resistance (IR) in obese patients.Methods:It was a randomized controlled trial. A total of 190 obese patients with vitamin D deficiency were selected from the obesity clinic of Tianjin Union Medical Center from March to December in 2023. The patients were divided into control group (95 cases) and vitamin D group (95 cases) according to random number table. The control group was given energy-limited high-protein diet combined with moderate intensity exercise, and the vitamin D group was supplemented with vitamin D on the basis of the control group, 14 000 U/week for 24 weeks. A total of 25 dropped out of the study from the two groups for various reasons. Finally, 79 cases in the control group and 86 cases in the vitamin D group were included in the analysis. Independent sample t test and rank sum test were used to compare serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D [25 (OH) D] level, body weight, body mass index, fat mass, visceral fat area, fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin and glycated hemoglobin (HbA 1c) between the two groups at baseline and after intervention. Homeostasis model insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) was used to evaluate the degree of insulin resistance (IR), and the effects of vitamin D supplementation on weight loss efficiency and IR in those patients were analyzed. Results:There was no significant differences in serum 25(OH)D level between the two groups before intervention ( P>0.05); the serum 25(OH)D level in the vitamin D group was significantly higher than that in the control group after intervention [(30.90±7.55) vs (16.00±4.34) μg/L] ( t=-15.35, P<0.001). The body weight, body mass index, fat mass, visceral fat area, fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, HbA 1c, and HOMA-IR were all significantly lower after the intervention than those before the intervention in both groups [control group: (93.32±13.47) vs (98.95±14.31) kg, (33.74±5.09) vs (35.80±5.52) kg/m 2, (39.77±11.87) vs (44.12±12.79) kg, (183.76±40.95) vs (204.01±32.18) m 2, 5.00 (4.55, 5.67) vs 5.24 (4.68, 6.42) mmol/L, 16.78 (13.94, 24.30) vs 22.56 (15.95, 31.2) mU/L, 5.55%±0.53% vs 6.05%±0.99%, 4.11 (3.14, 5.57) vs 5.51 (3.61, 8.49); vitamin D group: (88.14±17.66) vs (104.43±22.02) kg, (31.02±5.10) vs (36.66±5.98) kg/m 2, (35.51±12.87) vs (46.67±13.33) kg, (166.50±49.50) vs (213.64±40.14) m 2, 4.70 (4.35, 5.07) vs 5.17 (4.77, 6.30) mmol/L, 13.18 (9.87, 18.84) vs 21.67 (15.78. 32.74) mU/L, 5.43%±0.48% vs 6.21%±1.22%, 2.88 (1.99, 4.21) vs 5.19 (3.82, 9.27)], and the body weight, body mass index, adiposity, visceral fat area, fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, and HOMA-IR were all significantly lower in vitamin D group than those in the control group [(88.14±17.66) vs (93.32±13.47) kg, (31.02±5.10) vs (33.74±5.09) kg/m 2, (35.51±12.87) vs (39.77±11.87) kg, (166.50±49.50) vs (183.76±40.95) m 2, 4.70 (4.35, 5.07) vs 5.00 (4.55, 5.67) mmol/L, 13.18 (9.87, 18.84) vs 16.78 (13.94, 24.30) mU/L, and 2.88 (1.99, 4.21) vs 4.11 (3.14, 5.57), respectivley] (all P<0.05). The IR remission rate was significantly higher in the vitamin D group than that in the control group after the intervention (37.3% vs 15.3%) ( χ2=8.071, P=0.002). Conclusion:Supplementation of vitamin D on the basis of energy-limited high-protein diet combined with moderate intensity exercise can significantly improve the efficacy of weight loss and IR in obese patients with vitamin D deficiency.

Objective:To explore the HIV-1 drug resistance and subtypes in newly reported HIV/AIDS patients before antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Taizhou city.Methods:A cross-sectional study of HIV-1 drug resistance was conducted among newly reported HIV/AIDS patients before ART in Taizhou from January 2016 to December 2018. HIV-1 pol gene sequences were obtained by RT-PCR. The sequences were submitted to the Stanford University drug resistance database. The drug resistance mutation and the sensitivity of HIV-1 strains to antiretroviral drugs were determined according to WHO Guidelines on HIV drug resistance surveillance of 2014. Results:A total of 806 HIV-1 pol gene sequences were obtained successfully. The overall HIV-1 drug resistance rate was 2.9% (23/806), 1.9% for non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), 0.6% for nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), and 0.0% for protease inhibitors (PIs), respectively. From 2016 to 2018, the HIV-1 drug resistance rate was 1.6%, 1.8%, and 4.8%, respectively. The resistance mutations of NNRTIs and NRTIs were mainly K103 N (0.7%) and M184I/V (0.5%). HIV-1 subtypes were mostly CRF01_AE (42.7%,344/806),CRF07_BC (28.9%,233/806) and CRF08_BC (11.2%,90/806).HIV-1 subtypes among homosexually transmitted infections were mostly CRF01_AE (53.3%, 136/255) and CRF07_BC (32.2%, 82/255), and HIV-1 subtypes among heterosexually transmitted infections were mainly CRF01_AE (37.7%, 203/539), CRF07_BC (27.5%, 148/539) and CRF08_BC (16.1%, 87/539). Conclusion:HIV-1 drug resistance rate among newly reported HIV/AIDS patients before ART remained low in Taizhou during 2016 to 2018, an increasing trend seemed to be notifiable and warrants continuous surveillance of HIV-1 drug resistance.