Sepsis is a major problem in the pediatric critical care medicine.The related research indi-cates that the nutrition risk may be one of the risk factors that affect the incidence and mortality of sepsis. Through nutritional risk screening and assessment,it can be used to provide reference for assessing the nutri-tional risk,the nutritional support and the effect of nutritional support on prognosis of children with sepsis.At present,there are few studies on the nutritional risk and nutritional support in children with sepsis.In this arti-cle,we reviewed the research progress on nutritional risk and nutritional support in children with sepsis.

Objective To discuss the incidence and risk factors of pressure ulcer in surgical patients of our hospital.Methods Totally 10 737 surgical patients were recruited.The patients were assessed by the Braden Scale. The incidence of pressure ulcer in patients with the Braden score lower than 18 was recorded.Besides,the data of patients with pressure ulcers on admission were also collected.All risk factors in patients with pressure ulcer were ana-lyzed.Results The incidence rate of pressure ulcer in surgical patients was 0.54%.The incidence of pressure ulcer was highest in department of Neurosurgery(1.46%),followed by the department of Orthopedics(0.61%),which was significantly higher than other departments,the difference was statistically significant(P <0.05).Single factor analy-sis indicated that age,smoking,nutrition,diabetes,paralysis,and large,urinary incontinence,consciousness,operation situation,serum albumin,use of analgesics,presence of caregivers contributed to pressure ulcer,the difference was sta-tistically significant(P <0.05).Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that age,diabetes,paralysis,con-sciousness,albumin levels,use of analgesic,presence of caregivers were independent risk factors of pressure ulcers in patients.Conclusion There are many factors affecting the incidence of pressure ulcer,while age,diabetes,paralysis, consciousness,albumin levels,use of analgesic,presence of caregivers are independent risk factors of pressure ulcers.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between the expression of leptin, p-mTOR protein and the pathogenesis, development and clinicopathological features in colon carcinoma. METHODS: The expression of leptin and p-mTOR protein was evaluated by immunohistochemical methods in 40 normal colon mucosas, 40 colon adenomatous polyps and 108 cases of colon carcinomas. The relationship between the staining pattern and clinicopathogical features was examined. RESULTS: The positive rates of detection of leptin in normal colon mucosa, adenomatous polyps and colon carcinomas were 10% (4/40), 27.5% (11/40), and 71.3% (77/108), respectively; with significant differences among the three groups (P<0.05). The positive rates of p-mTOR protein in the normal colon mucosa, the adenomatous polyps, and the colon carcinomas were 2.5% (1/40), 20% (8/40), and 61.1% (66/108), respectively; with significant differences among the three groups (P<0.05). The expression of leptin and p-mTOR proteins were related to invasive depth, TNM stages, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis and tumor differentiation (P<0.05), but not to age, sex, or site (P>0.05). In colon carcinoma tissues, leptin expression was positively correlated with p-mTOR expression (P<0.01). CONCLUSION Leptin and p-mTOR proteins may play important roles in the occurrence and development of colon carcinoma. The detection of leptin and p-mTOR may be helpful for evaluation of the prognosis of the patient with colon carcinoma.
Adenocarcinoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Adenomatous Polyps ; metabolism ; pathology ; Aged ; Colon ; metabolism ; Colonic Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Intestinal Mucosa ; metabolism ; Leptin ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Phosphorylation ; Prognosis ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo propose a new method for automatic segmentation of manually determined knee articular cartilage into 9 subregions for T2 measurement.

METHODSThe middle line and normal line were automatically obtained based on the outline of articular cartilage manually drawn by experienced radiologists. The region of articular cartilage was then equidistantly divided into 3 layers along the direction of the normal line, and each layer was further equidistantly divided into 3 segments along the direction of the middle line. Finally the mean T2 value of each subregion was calculated. Bland-Altman analysis was used to evaluate the agreement between the proposed and manual subregion segmentation methods.

RESULTSThe 95% limits of agreement of manual and automatic methods ranged from -3.04 to 3.20 ms, demonstrating a narrow 95% limits of agreement (less than half of the minimum average). The coefficient of variation between the manual and proposed subregion methods was 4.04%.

CONCLUSIONThe proposed subregion segmentation method shows a good agreement with the manual segmentation method and minimizes potential subjectivity of the manual method.

Adult ; Cartilage, Articular ; anatomy & histology ; Humans ; Knee Joint ; anatomy & histology ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; methods ; Young Adult

Inflammatory caspase-11 senses and is activated by intracellular lipopolysaccharide (LPS) leading to pyroptosis that has critical role in defensing against bacterial infection, whereas its excess activation under pathogenic circumstances may cause various inflammatory diseases. However, there are few known drugs that can control caspase-11 activation. We report here that scutellarin, a flavonoid from Erigeron breviscapus, acted as an inhibitor for caspase-11 activation in macrophages. Scutellarin dose-dependently inhibited intracellular LPS-induced release of caspase-11p26 (indicative of caspase-11 activation) and generation of N-terminal fragment of gasdermin D (GSDMD-NT), leading to reduced pyroptosis. It also suppressed the activation of non-canonical nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome as evidenced by reduced apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC) speck formation and decreased interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and caspase-1p10 secretion, whereas the NLRP3-specific inhibitor MCC950 only inhibited IL-1β and caspase-1p10 release and ASC speck formation but not pyroptosis. Scutellarin also suppressed LPS-induced caspase-11 activation and pyroptosis in RAW 264.7 cells lacking ASC expression. Moreover, scutellarin treatment increased Ser/Thr phosphorylation of caspase-11 at protein kinase A (PKA)-specific sites, and its inhibitory action on caspase-11 activation was largely abrogated by PKA inhibitor H89 or by adenylyl cyclase inhibitor MDL12330A. Collectively, our data indicate that scutellarin inhibited caspase-11 activation and pyroptosis in macrophages at least partly via regulating the PKA signaling pathway.

Objective: To analyze HIV/AIDS surveillance data in men who have sex with men (MSM) aged from 15 to 24 years in Fuzhou and understand the HIV infection status in MSM and related factors. Methods: From 2016 to 2021, MSM aged 15-24 years who had oral or anal sex with men in the past 6 months were recruited through internet, and their demographic and behavioral characteristics, HIV antibody positive rate and risk factors were analyzed. Results: From 2016 to 2021, a total of 4 234 MSM aged 15-24 years were surveyed. The proportion of MSM from other provinces increased from 13.00% (85/654) to 23.42% (163/696) (trend χ²=60.23, P<0.001); and the proportion of MSM seeking male partners through internet increased from 93.27% (610/654) to 99.71% (694/696) (trend χ²=65.20, P<0.001); In the last anal sex in the past 6 months, the proportion of MSM using condom decreased from 88.16% (484/549) to 74.11% (415/560) (trend χ²=32.32, P<0.001); and in the past 6 months, the proportion of MSM using condom at each anal sex decreased from 65.76% (361/549) to 55.54% (311/560) (trend χ² =6.82, P<0.001); The proportion of MSM with HIV antibody testing increased from 5.66% (37/654) to 25.29% (176/696) (trend χ²=98.51, P<0.001). The cumulative HIV antibody positive rate in the MSM was 3.64% (154/4 234), and there was no significant difference in annual HIV antibody positive rate in the MSM (trend χ²=0.50, P=0.453). The HIV antibody positive rate in the MSM with education level of junior high school or below and the MSM living in Fuzhou for 1-2 years showed an upward trend (P<0.05). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk for HIV infection in the MSM with education level of high school or technical secondary school was 0.54 times higher than that in those with education level of junior high school or below (95%CI: 0.30-0.99), and the risk for HIV infection in the MSM with education level of junior college or below was 0.29 times higher than that in those with education level of junior high school or below (95%CI: 0.17-0.51). The risk for HIV infection in the MSM who lived in Fuzhou for 1-2 years was 0.35 times higher than that in those who lived in Fuzhou for less than 1 year (95%CI: 0.16-0.74), the risk for HIV infection in the MSM who lived in Fuzhou for more than two years was 0.58 times higher than that in those who lived in Fuzhou for less than 1 year (95%CI: 0.37-0.91). The number of MSM using condoms at each anal sex was 0.18 times higher than that in the those never using condoms (95%CI: 0.08-0.42), and the number of the MSM who didn't suffered from sexually transmitted diseases was 0.25 times higher than that in those who suffered from sexually transmitted diseases (95%CI: 0.13-0.50). Conclusions: The MSM aged 15-24 years in Fuzhou have higher risk for HIV infection, and internet based intervention should be strengthened in adolescent MSM without permanent residence and with low education level.
Adolescent ; Male ; Humans ; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/epidemiology* ; HIV Infections/epidemiology* ; Homosexuality, Male ; Sexual and Gender Minorities ; Internet