The association rules in data of traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions were analyzed using SQL Server 2008,which showed that 17 core compatible drug pairs were in line with the association rules.For example,platycodon grandiflorum combined with liquorice,known as Liquorice and Platycodon Decoction,can treat the principal and secondary aspects of a disease by ventilating the lungs and resolving the phlegm,removing the toxic substances and relieving the sore throat.Mining compatible drug pairs by analyzing their association rules can provide evidence for their clinical application.

ObjecfiveTo investigate clinical features and imaging manifestation in patients with posterior reversible eneephalopathy syndrome (PRES) to improve its recognition.MethodsSix patients with PRES were enrolled,four women with history of end-stage renal disease,kidney transplantation,eclampsia,or systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and two men with history of chemotherapy or hypertension.All of them underwent multi-serial MR imaging (T1 WI,T2 WI,FLAIR) and post-contrast T1 WI.Three cases also underwent CT scan and gadolinium enhancement. ResultsAll the six cases of PRES had different inducing causes such as acute hypertension,preeclampsia or eclampsia, taking immunosuppressive agents or steroids.and their clinical symptoms were characterized by sudden occurrence of headache,eclampsia or seizure of epilepsy,altered melltal status,visual disturbances.Clinical symptoms were died out in about one week after prompt and appropriate treatments for high blood pressure.or removal of precipitating factors,or treatment for epileptic seizures or status epilepticus.MRI and CT scanning demonstrated multifocal subcortical white lesions in bilateral parieto-occipital lobes (six cases), bilateralfrontal lobes (two cases),bilateral post temporal lobes (two cases) and left cerebellum (one cases).and cortical involvement (two cases).All lesions appeared unenhanced with gadolinium enhancement. FoHow-up by MRI showed decreased abnormal signs and small infarct foci were left in the cortex-subeortex of one case.ConclusionsPRES is a clinico-neuroradiologieal transient condition, usually benign and reversible in nature.Completely clinical and radiographic recovery Can be achieved with prompt antihypertensive treatment or removal of precipitating factors and supportive care,but delayed diagnosis and therapy Can result in cerebral infarct with neurological sequelae.

Clinical data and manifestations on muhi-slice spiral CT (MSCT) of 11 patients with disseminated peritoneal adenomucinosis (DPAM) were retrospectively reviewed.The CT manifestations were also compared with surgical and histopathological findings.MSCT findings showed a large amount of gel-like ascites in 9 cases and local cystic masses in 2 cases.Among 9 cases with a large amount ascites,abdominal multiple cystic masses were shown in 5 case,and infiltration of the greater omentum and mesentery in 5 cases.Hepatic scalloping was found in 6 cases ; parenchymal invasion of the liver or spleen were showed in 5 cases; calcification of the cystic masses in 5 cases.Ovary mueinous cystadenoma was presented in 3 female patients.Enlarged lymph nodes and omental cake were not found in all cases.The results indicate that the characteristic MSCT manifestations of DPAM include diffuse gel-like ascites,multiple cystic masses with or without calcification,hepatic scalloping and parenchyma invasion.

The combination of Angelicae sinensis Radix (Danggui, DG) and Astragali Radix (Huangqi, HQ) is a popular herb pair commonly used in clinic for the treatment of blood deficiency syndrome in China. The aim of this paper is to study the interaction of DG and HQ nourishing and tonifying blood effects by response surface method. The blood deficiency mice were induced by injecting N-acetylphenylhydrazine (sc) and cyclophosphamide (ip). The blood deficiency mice were administrated intragastrically with DG-HQ extracts (0:1, 1: 5, 2:5, 2:3, 1:1, 3:2, 5:2, 5:1, 1:0). The changes of the peripheral blood indexes and organ indexes were observed. The indexes were integrated by comprehensive index method; the interactions of DG and HQ were analyzed by the response surface diagram established with Matlab software. The results showed that DG and HQ at most of their combination ratios had synergic effect. Within the range of 1:5 - 5:1, all of the extracts of DG-HQ showed synergic effect, and among which, high-doses had better effects than low-doses. The highest value (-1) of the synergic effect was showed when DG was 10 - 40 g at the same time of HQ as 90 -180 g, and DG was 50 - 100 g at the same time of HQ as 20 - 100 g. DG-HQ at all combination dosages within Chinese Pharmacopeia (DG: 6 - 12 g, HQ: 9 - 30 g) had certain synergic effect, and Danggui Buxue Decoction (DG: 6 g, HQ: 30 g) also was at this range. The results provided scientific basis to the clinical application of DG and HQ. And the response surface method was firstly applied to quantitatively evaluate the bio-activity change of herb combination, which provided a novel way for modern basic research on the interaction of herbs.

Objective To study the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(OSAS) in the elderly and the occurrence and development of arrhythmia. Methods A total of 120 OSAS patients and 40 normal controls were selected and their polysomnography(PSG) or dynamic blood oxygen and analyzed holter were monitored. Results The total number of the reduction in apnta hypopnea index (AHI) and arterial orygen saturation (SaO 2) over 0.04 and the lasted period during SaO 20.05), while the incidences of the intermediate and serious groups significantly increased(P

Objective To investigate the protective effect of continuous intravenous infusion of Isoproterenol (ISO)on myocardial mitochondria of early septic rats and the corresponding mechanism.Methods Thirty Sprague Dawley (SD)rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (6 cases per group):control group,endotoxin group,ISO small-dose group,ISO medium-dose group and ISO large-dose group.Endotoxin group and ISO intervene group received same management apart from drug intervention:receiving intravenous injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)10 mg/kg followed by an continuous intravenous infusion of 9 g/L saline 1 mL/h or ISO 0.06 μg/(kg · min),0.30 μg/(kg · min)and 0.60 μg/(kg · min).Control group received intraperitoneal injection and continuous intravenous infusion with the same amount of 9 g/L saline.The primary endpoint of the study was 24 hours after injection of 9 g/L saline or LPS.Serum creatine kinase (CK) and creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB),oxidative and nitrosative stress levels and swelling of isolated heart mitochondrion were detected.The pathological changes of the myocardium and morphologic changes of the heart mitochondria were observed through light microscope and scanning electron microscope,respectively.Results The levels of CK,CK-MB,nitric oxide (NO) content,inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA)content in endotoxin group were increased compared with control group (all P ＜ 0.05),while the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity decreased [(11.543 ± 1.080) U/mg prot vs (9.892 ±0.815) U/mg prot,P ＜0.05].The morphology of the heart mitochondria significantly changed (such as swelling,disordered arrangement,crest fracture,fusion and cavitations,and so on).ISO intervention significantly decreased the levels of CK,CK-MB and mitochondrial swelling (all P ＜ 0.05) and increased the SOD activity (all P ＜ 0.05).The levels of NO content,iNOS activity and MDA content were significantly decreased in small-dose group [(10.823 ± 2.240) μmol/g prot vs (7.917 ± 2.203) μmol/g prot,(0.045 ± 0.008) U/mg prot vs (0.033 ± 0.003) U/mg prot,(1.663 ± 0.618) mmol/mg prot vs (0.768 ± 0.312) mmol/mg prot,all P ＜ 0.05],while the levels of iNOS activity and MDA content were significantly increased in medium-and large-dose group (all P ＜ 0.05) ; compared with medium-dose group,the degree of mitochondrial swelling in large-dose group increased (1.160 ± 0.186 vs 1.393 ± 0.128,P ＜ 0.05).The pathological changes of the myocardium mitochondria significantly improved.Conclusions The myocardium and myocardial mitochondria of early septic rats were damaged,continuous intravenous infusion of low-dose ISO revealed protective effect on these damages,and the corresponding mechanism may relate to the decrease of the oxidative and nitrosative stress.

The metabolic effect of Fo-Shou-San on blood deficiency mice was studied by using metabolomic method. UPLC-QTOF/MS was used to analyze the plasma metabolome in blood deficiency mice. MS data were processed by MarkerLynx software. With multivariate statistical analysis of plasma metabolite profiles, a clear separation among control, blood deficiency model, and Fo-Shou-San groups was achieved. Potential biomarkers were selected according to the parameters of variable importance in the projection (VIP) and identified according to MS information and database retrieval. The metabolic network of blood deficiency was predicted via MetPA database. Twenty-two potential biomarkers were identified and used to explain the thiamine metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, histidine metabolism, nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism, cysteine and methionine metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, starch and sucrose metabolism, tyrosine metabolism and citrate cycle (TCA cycle). Those metabolic pathways were disturbed in blood deficiency mice, but which could be regulated nearly to normal state after Fo-Shou-San administration. In this study, the metabolomics of blood deficiency mice and the action mechanism of nourishing blood effect of Fo-Shou-San were evaluated. The physiological and metabolic state of the organism could be represented comprehensively by using metabolomics. And metabolomics can be used to evaluate the pharmacodynamics and related mechanisms of Chinese medicine and formulae.

Objective:To study the effects of Astragalus Root Injection(a traditional Chinese herb medicine) on oxaliplatin-induced apoptosis of hippocampal neurons. Motheds: The primary culture of hippocampus neurons from SD rats (aged within 24h) were treated with different concentrations of oxaliplatin( L-OHP) (0, 3, 5 and 10 ?g/mL) and Astragalus Root Injection (0.05, 0.2 and 0.5 g/mL). The apoptosis of the neurons and the nerve growth factor(NGF)level were analyzed. Results: Astragalus Root Injection dose-dependently decreased neuronal cell apoptosis induced by oxaliplatin (P

OBJECTIVETo study the active ingredients in liver protection from Erzhi Wan (AIEP) on acute hepatic injury induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in mice.

METHODSixty Kunming mice were randomly divided into six groups: the normal group, the model group, bifendate group (150 mg x kg(-1)), high AIEP group (19.8 g x kg(-1)), middle AIEP group (13.2 g x kg(-1)) and low AIEP group (6.6 g x kg(-1)). The treatment groups were orally administered once per day for 7 d separately, whereas the normal and model groups were orally administered with saline. Except normal rats, all the other rats were injected intraperitoneally CCl4 20 mL x kg(-1) once. The rats were sacrificed 16 h after CCl4 administration. Serum and liver samples were collected for analysis. The acute hepatic injury model was prepared by CCl4 injected intraperitoneally. Then, the therapeutic effects of AIEP on the model were evaluated by the activity determination of serum alanine aminotransferase and aspirate aminotransferase (ALT and AST), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in liver,and the hepatic pathohistological changes following the treatment.

RESULTThe activities of ALT and AST and the MDA content in liver was significantly increased and the activity of SOD was largely inhibited in the animals of modeling group. Following the treatment with AIEP, ALT and AST activities and MDA content were significantly reduced and SOD activity was obviously increased in the mice of treatment group. Furthermore, AIEP could ameliorate the hepatic pathological changes.

CONCLUSIONAIEP have protective effects on acute hepatic injury induced by CCL4 in mice, and are the effect of the liver protecting active sites.

Alanine Transaminase ; metabolism ; Animals ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; physiology ; Carbon Tetrachloride Poisoning ; drug therapy ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury ; drug therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Liver ; drug effects ; injuries ; metabolism ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Mice

Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease type 4B2 with early-onset glaucoma (CMT4B2, OMIM 604563) is a genetically-heterogeneous childhood-onset neuromuscular disorder. Here, we report the case of a 15-year-old male adolescent with lower extremity weakness, gait abnormalities, foot deformities and early-onset glaucoma. Since clinical diagnosis alone was insufficient for providing pathogenetic evidence to indicate that the condition belonged to a consanguineous family, we applied whole-exome sequencing to samples from the patient, his parents and his younger brother, assuming that the patient’s condition is transmitted in an autosomal recessive pattern. A frame-shift mutation, c.4571delG (P.Gly1524Glufs*42), was revealed in the CMT4B2-related gene SBF2 (also known as MTMR13, MIM 607697), and this mutation was found to be homozygous in the proband and heterozygous in his parents and younger brother. Together with the results of clinical diagnosis, this case was diagnosed as CMT4B2. Our finding further demonstrates the use of whole-exome sequencing in the diagnosis and treatment of rare diseases.