ObjectiveTo compare the clinical value of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) and conventional ultrasonography in diagnosing polypoid lesion of gallbladder (PLG).MethodsThe postoperative pathology and clinical manifestation of 49 PLG patients were retrospectively analyzed in the First Afifliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University. Of them, 7 cases were maligant lesions, 4 cases were adenomas, 24 cases were polyps of gallbladder and 14 cases were adenomyomatosis of gallbladder. With postoperative pathology as golden standard, the sensitivity, speciifcity and PLG speciifcity were calculatedfor conventional ultrasonography, CEUS and conventional ultrasonography plus CEUS.ResultsThe sensitivity, specificity and PLG specificity were 33.3%, 74.3% and 68.3% for conventional ultrasonography, and 66.7%, 85.7% and 82.9% for CEUS respectively. The conventional ultrasonography plus CEUS were 83.3%, 88.6% and 87.8%.ConclusionCEUS could signiifcantly improve the diagnostic accuracy.

Objective To evaluate the prognostic factors of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with treatment of ultrasound-guided pereutaneous radiofrequency ablation (RFA).Methods A total of 104 patients with 147 HCC tumors who had 36-month regular follow-up after percuatenous RFA therapy in the First Affi liated Hospital of Harbin Medical University between May 2008 tand June 2012 were included in this study. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) was the main method in evaluating the therapeutic effect of RFA. Kaplan-Meier model and Log-rank test were used in univariate analysis, and Cox regression model was used in multivariate analysis to identify the independent factors on therapeutic effect of RFA.Results The 0.5-, 1-, 2-, 3-year overall survival rates after RFA were 96.1%, 92.0%, 80.0%, 53.3% respectively, and the mediansurvival time was 19 months. 1-year local recurrence rate was 13.6%. The univariate analysis showed that Child-Pugh classifi cation, original lesion condition, intrahepatic recurrence, ablative area, and RFA priority were related to survival rate (χ2=7.119,P=0.008;χ2=20.485,P=0.000;χ2=14.160,P=0.000;χ2=11.825, P=0.001;χ2=7.979,P=0.005). The Child-Pugh classifi cation, original lesion condition, intrahepatic recurrence were identified as independent prognostic factors of survival rate (P=0.001;P=0.005;P=0.003). The univariate analysis showed that virus marker, original lesion condition, hepatic background, tumor diameter, tumor boundary, relation with adjacent organ and vessels, ablative area, RFA priority weresignifi cantly related to local recurrence rate (χ2=7.234,P=0.007;χ2=9.083,P=0.003;χ2=7.791,P=0.005;χ2=13.042,P=0.000;χ2=20.657,P=0.000;χ2=58.615,P=0.000;χ2=6.681,P=0.010). The ablative area and tumor boundary were identified as independent prognostic factors of local recurrence rate (P=0.017;P=0.002).Conclusions Child-Pugh classifi cation, original lesion condition, intrahepatic recurrence were identifi ed as independent prognostic factors of survival. And ablative area and tumor boundary were identified as independent prognostic factors of local rcurrence rate. In order to improve patient`s survival and reduce local recurrence in high-risk cases, it is importantant to establish appropriate follow-up plan and multidisciplinary cooperation framework within a standard treatment procedure.

OBJECTIVETo study the influence of micrometastasis in lymph node on staging and prognosis of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

METHODSIn 39 NSCLC patients, micrometastasis in pathologically negative lymph nodes were tested through immunohistochemical cytokeratin (CK) analysis and the relationship between CK(+) and staging, survival were analyzed.

RESULTSIn these 39 patients, the survival of CK(+) and CK(-) patients were 32 months and 48 months respectively (P = 0.0178). Multivariate analysis of Cox regression model showed: clinical stage (P = 0.0288) and relapse or metastasis (P = 0.0053) affected the prognosis while micrometastasis in lymphnodes (P = 0.7740) did not.

CONCLUSIONThe detection of micrometastasis in the lymphnodes may serve as a supplement to the present staging system for lung cancer. Even though the prognosis of patients with micrometastasis being poorer than those without, micrometastasis in the lymph nodes should not be regarded as an independent prognostic factor.

Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; secondary ; Female ; Humans ; Keratins ; metabolism ; Lung Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymph Nodes ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prognosis

Objective To analyze the risk factors of thyroid nodule (TN) in Harbin City,Heilongjiang Province.Methods From November 2014 to January 2015,residents lived in Nangang,Daoli,Daowai districts and villagers of Xubao Town of Hulan District of Harbin City were selected as research subjects,who lived in the local regions for more than 5 years,a total of 2 650 people were surveyed.Influence factors of TN were surveyed by general survey,clinical examination and thyroid ultrasound examination.Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze relationships between various factors and TN in single factor analysis and multiple factors analysis.Results Excluding 36 cases with thyroid surgery history,the total prevalence of TN was 22.92％ (599/2 614),single factor Logistic regression analysis found that females [odds ratio (OR) =1.597,95％ confidence interval (CI) =1.328-1.919],elderly (OR =3.356,95％CI =2.699-4.173),living in cities and towns (OR =1.677,95％CI =1.391-2.021),obesity (OR =1.245,95％CI =1.036-1.497),history of hypertension (OR =1.766,95％CI =1.414-2.205) were the risk factors of TN.In multiple factors Logistic regression analysis,risk factors from high to low in the order were elderly (OR =3.076,95％CI =2.436-3.884),females (OR =1.819,95％CI =1.493-2.215),living in cities and towns (OR =1.701,95％CI =1.400-2.066),history of diabetes (OR =1.644,95％CI =1.235-2.189),obesity (OR =1.325,95％CI =1.085-1.618).Conclusions The risk factors of TN include living in cities and towns,females,elderly,obesity,history of hypertension or diabetes in Harbin City of Heilongjiang Province.

Objective:To explore the mediating effect of medication self-efficacy between perceived social support and compliance behavior in young patients with newly treated pulmonary tuberculosis under the Southern Xinjiang Model.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Kashgar Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Institute Hospital and Tuberculosis Specialist Hospital of Hetian from January 2022 to April 2023. A total of 302 young patients with initial treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis in were selected as the research objects by convenience sampling method. The General Information Questionnaire, the Tuberculosis Compliance Behavior Rating Scale, Perceived Social Support Scale and Self-efficacy for Appropriate Medication Use scale were used to investigate, and the correlation analysis and mediating effect analysis were carried out.Results:The total scores of compliance behavior, self-efficacy and perceived social support were (119.09 ± 13.49), (23.48 ± 6.25) and (55.67 ± 11.33) respectively. All dimensions of medication self-efficacy and perceived social support were positively correlated with compliance behavior ( r values were 0.555 - 0.943, all P<0.01), and medication self-efficacy was positively correlated with perceived social support ( r = 0.981, P<0.01). Medication self-efficacy played a partial mediating effect between perceived social support and compliance behavior, accounting for 74.46% of the total effect. Conclusions:The medication self-efficacy of young patients with newly treated pulmonary tuberculosis is the mediating variable between perceived social support and compliance behavior. Medical staff should focus on and carefully evaluate the medication self-efficacy and perceived social support of patients, so as to give supportive intervention in time, so as to change or even reverse the non-compliance behavior and improve the compliance level of patients.

Objective:To investigate the current status of frailty in elderly patients with fragile hip fractures and analyze its influencing factors.Methods:The clinical data of 196 elderly patients with fragile hip fractures who underwent surgical treatment in 4 Class Ⅲ Grade A hospitals from April to November 2019 were collected. Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form (MNA-SF) was used to assess nutritional status, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA) was used to assess cognitive function, 5-Item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-5) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) were used to assess mental state, Fried Frailty Phenotype (FP) was used to assess the occurrence of frailty of patients and multivariate binary logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of frailty in patients.Results:Among the 196 elderly patients with fragile hip fractures, the incidence of frailty and non-frailty were 50.5% (99/196) and 49.5% (97/196) , respectively. There were statistically significant differences in incidence of frailty among elderly patients with fragile hip fractures with different ages, exercise frequency, self-perceived health status, sleep quality, activity of daily living, Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) , nutritional status, depression status assessment, cognitive status assessment and anxiety self-assessment ( P<0.05) . Logistic regression analysis showed that age, self-perceived health status, sleep quality, CCI and nutritional status were the main risk factors affecting the occurrence of fragility in elderly patients with fragile hip fractures ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:In elderly patients with fragile hip fractures, the incidence of frailty is higher, and the main risk factors for frailty are age, self-perceived health, sleep quality, CCI and nutritional status. It is necessary for medical staff to identify frailty patients before surgery and timely adopt interdisciplinary frailty management to reduce and delay the occurrence of frailty and promote the recovery of elderly patients with fragile hip fractures.

Objective:To investigate the level of beliefs about medication in young patients with newly treated pulmonary tuberculosis and analyze its influencing factors.Methods:This was a cross-sectional study. Using the convenient sampling method, a total of 320 young newly treated pulmonary tuberculosis patients who visited the designated tuberculosis hospitals in Kashgar Prefecture and Hotan Prefecture of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from January 2022 to April 2023 were selected as the research objects. The investigation was carried out with the General Information Questionnaire, Beliefs about Medicines Questionaire Specific (BMQ-S), 8-Item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8), Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ) and Tuberculosis-related Stigma Scale (TSS). Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of medication beliefs in young patients with newly treated tuberculosis.Results:A total of 320 questionnaires were distributed in this study, and 302 valid questionnaires were collected, with an effective response rate of 94.38% (302/320). The total score of BMQ-S of 302 young patients with newly treated tuberculosis was -1.00 (-2.00, 1.00), MMAS-8 score was 5.38 (4.75, 5.75), BIPQ score was 37.00 (24.00, 44.00) and TSS score was 48.00 (44.00, 52.00). The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that comorbidities, medication adherence, disease perception and stigma were the influencing factors of medication beliefs in young newly treated pulmonary tuberculosis patients ( P<0.01) . Conclusions:The medication belief level of young patients with newly treated pulmonary tuberculosis needs to be improved. Medical staff should correct the negative cognition of the patient's disease, emphasize the benefits of drug treatment and enhance the patients' beliefs in the necessity of medication.

Objective:To investigate the medication adherence and its influencing factors in young newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis patients during different treatment periods, in order to provide a theoretical basis for formulating precise medication management strategies and thus improving the treatment success rate.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a stratified random sampling method to select 283 young newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis patients who visited and registered in the Kashgar region of Xinjiang from September 2021 to February 2022. The patients were divided into three groups according to the treatment time of receiving standard chemotherapy regimen: A (1-2 months of medication), B (3-4 months of medication), and C (5-6 months of medication), with 77, 89, and 117 cases, respectively. The clinical data of tuberculosis patients were collected by using the general information questionnaire,Eight-Item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale and Tuberculosis Medication Adherence Scale for tuberculosis patients.Results:Those who take medication well of three groups of young newly treated pulmonary tuberculosis patients were 93.5% (72/77), 89.9% (80/89), and 82.1% (96/117), respectively. The difference among the three groups was statistically significant ( χ2=6.23, P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that social support was an influential factor for the 1st to 2nd month of medication ( OR=0.536, P<0.05); treatment confidence and psychological status were influential factors for the 3rd to 4th month of medication ( OR=0.668, 2.212, both P<0.05); comorbidity, social support, psychological status, and coping style were influential factors for the 5th to 6th month of medication ( OR values were 0.428 - 9.518, all P<0.05). Conclusions:The relevant factors that affect medication adherence vary among young newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis patients at different stages of treatment. Accurate medication management strategies should be developed based on the influencing factors at each stage.