Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury ( MI/RI) is a pathophysiological phenomenon commonly seen during thromboly-sis, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty ( PTCA ) , and coronary artery bypass grafting ( CABG ) . It is defined as restoration of blood flow to a previously ischemic region followed by complex pathological events leading to tissue injury greater than the original ischemic insult. Many experimental interven-tions have been reported to protect the ischemic myocardium in experimental animals; however, with the exception of early reperfusion, none has been translated into clinical practice. The root of Panax notoginseng ( Burk. ) F. H. Chen ( PN) is one of the iconic herbs in traditional Chinese medicine. Traditional pharmacopeia recommended it among the most efficacious herbs for‘promoting blood circulation ’ and hemostasis. Inspired by this, in the last decade, a large number of modern investigators made substantial efforts to search the PN activities against a vari-ety of MIRI. The systematic review was performed according to the protecting drug of the MIRI development guidelines.

The damage of tissue increases dramatically after reperfusion of blood supply to ischemic tissues.Immune response is one of the key reasons of ischemia-reperfusion injury.Th1 /Th2 generally stays balanced in normal states.Under the envi-ronment of ischemia reperfusion,Th1 /Th2 shifting let Th1 domi-nant to mediate cellular immunity.Excessive immune reaction may cause cell apoptosis and tissue damage.Recent studies showed that induction of transferring Th1 dominant to Th2 domi-nant was feasible for the treatment of ischemia-reperfusion inju-ry.With the progress of modern drug development paradigm“multi-composition,multi-target”,Chinese medicine has advan-tages in treating complex diseases.This paper summarizes the research of the relationship between Th1 /Th2 imbalance and is-chemia-reperfusion injury,together with the prospects of tradi-tional Chinese medicine with multi-target effect in ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Objective To investigate the difference between Han nationality residents and the Hani nationality residents in southern Yunnan about the effects of stroke risk factors on cerebral vascular hemodynamic indicators.Methods In the cohort crowds,Hani nationality outpatient patients were selected as the Hani nationality group,the Han nationality outpatient patients with the same gender and similar age were randomly selected as the Han nationality group with the ratio of nearly 1 ∶ 3.The risk factors of stroke and the differences of the hemodynamic indicators were compared between the two groups.Results The dyslipidemia proportion of the Hani nationality group was lower than that of the Han nationality group [48 cases (11.5 ％) vs.257 cases (17.5 ％),x2 =8.867,P =0.003],and the drinking proportion of the Hani nationality group was higher than that of the Han nationality group [79 cases (18.9％) vs.214 cases(14.6％),x2 =4.498,P =0.034],the other risk factors exposure rates had no statistically significant differences between the two groups (all P ＞ 0.05).The ratio of numbers of cerebral vascular hemodynamic indicators below 75 points(optimum truncation points) in the Hani nationality group and the Han nationality group were 30.3％ and 31.9％,respectively,the proportion of the two groups of integral value distribution had statistically significant difference (x2 =12.614,P ＜ 0.01);Vmean (left:t =0.632,P =0.527;right:t =0.642,P =0.532),Vmin (left:t =-0.349,P =0.727;right:t =-0.540,P =0.589),Wv(left:t =0.297,P =0.767;right:t =1.119,P =0.263),Zcv(left:t =0.297,P =0.767;right:t =1.247,P =0.213),Rv(left:t =0.837,P =0.403;right:t =1.222,P =0.222),DR(left:t =0.720,P =0.482;right:t =0.396,P =0.692),Cp(left:t =0.614,P =0.539;right:t =1.486,P =0.138) and other indicators of the two groups had no statistically significant differences.Conclusion The Hani nationality residents'stroke risk factors and CVHI integral distribution in different age groups are different from Han people in southern Yunnan.

Objective To investigate the exposure to stroke risk factors, the proportion of high?risk individuals, and the relationship between risk factor exposure and impaired cerebrovascular hemodynamics in patients at Pu'er People's Hospital. Methods Between April 2014 and June 2017, this study enrolled inpatients and outpatients of the neurology department of Pu'er People's Hospital who underwent cerebrovascular hemodynamic examinations to evaluate stroke risk. A total of 30 103 (12 793 males and 17 310 females) participants aged 22 to 99 (53.3±14.5) years were included. The distribution of exposure rates for stroke risk factors and proportion of high?risk individuals were determined according to age and sex. The relationships between integral scores of cerebrovascular hemodynamics and exposure to risk factors were also analyzed. Results Exposure rates for risk factors of hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, heart disease, stroke family history, cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking, and overweight or obesity in males were 36.6%, 11.4%, 8.8%, 5.9%, 7.0%, 41.6%, 37.8%, and 51.4%, respectively. The exposure rates in females were 31.2%, 11.3%, 7.6%, 5.5%, 6.8%, 0.7%, 1.6%, and 48.8%, respectively. Differences between age groups for all risk factors were significant (P<0.01). Exposure rates for hypertension, diabetes, cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking, and overweight or obesity in males were significantly higher than in females (P<0.01). High?risk males and females accounted for 41.8% and 35.6% (χ2=119.82, P<0.01) and the rates in both groups increased significantly with age (χ2=1 838.2, 2 881.5, P<0.01). Risk factors including age, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, heart disease, stroke family history, alcohol drinking, and body mass index were independent predictors of increased individual risk of stroke. Conclusions Exposure levels for stroke risk factors and the proportion of individuals at high risk of stroke were relatively high in the hospital population. Cerebrovascular dysfunction is closely related to exposure to common risk factors for stroke.