Objective: To study the effects of dietary fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on cholesterol metabolism in finishing pigs. Methods: A total of 96 finishing pigs (Duroc?Landrance?Jia) were randomly alotted to four groups each of which was replicated three times with eight pigs per replicate. The groups received the same basal corn-soybean meal diet and FOS was added to the basal diet at 0,0.5%,1 0%,1.5% at the expense of corn, respectively. At the end of the feeding trial, eight pigs with similar body weights from each treatment were slaughtered. Results: (1) Supplementation with FOS significantly improved average daily gain and feed efficiency. (2) Pigs fed 1.0% and 1.5% FOS had significantly lower serum TC and LDL-C concentrations and greater HDL-C/LDL-C ratio compared with the control. Pigs fed 1.5% FOS had significantly lower serum VLDL-C and ApoB concentrations and Apo B/Apo A-1 ratio. (3) Supplementation with 1.0% and 1.5% FOS significantly decreased the activities of HMG-CoA reductase. (4) Supplementation with 1.5% FOS significantly increased the colonic acetate and butyrate and plasma acetate. Supplementation with 0.5%,1.0% and 1.5% FOS significantly increased colonic propionate. (5) Fecal cholesterol excretion was significantly greater in the pigs fed 1.0% and 1.5% FOS and fecal bile acid excretion was significantly greater in the pigs fed 1.5% FOS than the control. Conclusion: FOS may improve cholesterol metabolism by alteration in the absorption and synthesis of cholesterol resulted from the changes in colonic fermentation, and by increase in the fecal excretion of cholesterol and bile acid.

Objective: To study the effects of dietary sodium propionate on cholesterol metabolism in finishing pigs. Methods: A total of 96 finishing pigs (Duroc?Landrance?Jia) were randomly alotted to four groups. The groups received the same basal corn-soybean meal diet and sodium propionate was added to the basal diet in the concentrations of 0.5、1.0、1.5 % at the expense of corn, respectively. At the end of the feeding trial, eight pigs from each treatment were slaughtered. Results: (1) Pigs supplemented with 1.0% and 1.5% sodium propionate had significantly lower serum cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations and greater ratios of high density lipoprotein/low density lipoprotein cholesterol compared to the control. Pigs supplemented with 1.5% sodium propionate had significantly lower serum very low density lipoprotein cholesterol. (2) Supplementation with 1.0% and 1.5% sodium propionate significantly decreased the cholesterol content in liver and the activity of hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutary coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase. (3) Supplementation with sodium propionate had no significant effects on growth performance, colonic or serum short-chain acid concentrations, fecal cholesterol or bile acid excretion. Conclusion: Sodium propionate may decrease the activity of hepatic HMG-CoA reductase and suppress the synthesis of cholesterol.

Objective: 780 Linen yellow broiler chicken, 1 d of age, were used to investigate the effects of nano elemental selenium (Nano-Se) or Na2SeO3 on growth performance and antioxidant function. Method:The chicken were allocated to 13 treatments, each of which had 4 pens of 15 chicks per pen. The thirteen dietary treatments were basal diet only,and basal diet + 0.1、0.2、0.3、0.4、0.5、1.0 mg/kg Se as Na2SeO3 or Nano-Se, respectively. Results:(1) The growth performance of chicken remained steady at the peak value at concentration range of 0.2-0.5 mg/kg for Na2SeO3. Supplementation with 1.0 mg/kg Se as Na2SeO3 reduced (P

The grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) collectin gene was cloned from mixed liver and kidney cDNA library. The full length sequence of grass carp collectin was 1128 bp, contained a 5' untranslated region of 229 bp and a 3' untranslated region of 104 bp. The open reading frame of grass carp collectin was 795 bp which could code a 264 amino acids polypeptide, including a terminal codon. Phylogenetic analyses showed that grass carp collectin shared the highest homology with that of zebrafish (Danio rerio). To understand the function of grass carp collectin, we expressed and purified the recombinant protein (P(CRD)) that comprised carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD). Agglutination of Aeromonas hydrophila and Staphylococcus aureus etc. and sugars inhibition experiments showed that: galactose, glucose, mannose and maltose could inhibit the agglutination of Aeromonas hydrophila. Maltose could lower the agglutination of Staphylococcus aureus, whereas peptidoglycan and glucose inhibited it well. In addition, the activity of grass carp collectin could not dependent on Ca(2+).
Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Carps ; genetics ; Cloning, Molecular ; Collectins ; genetics ; physiology ; Fish Proteins ; genetics ; physiology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Zebrafish ; genetics

Objective To explore the influence of network intervention on lifestyle and behaviors habit of the middle -aged patients with hypertension.Methods All 300 middle -aged patients with hypertension were randomly assigned into the study group and the control group.Each group had 150 cases.All patients in the both two groups were given hypotensive drugs according to treatment specification of hypertension.The patients in the study group received a network intervention for 2 years,while the patients in the control group received an outpatient service follow-up.The difference of lifestyle and behaviors habit of the patients in the two groups were observed and compared. Results There were no significant differences with all items of the lifestyle and behaviors habit of the patients between the two groups before intervention(P >0.05 ).In the 12th end of month after intervention,there were no significant differences between the two groups with the items of smoking control,working and resting regularly,hobby and psychological balance(P >0.05),but other items in the study group were significantly better than those in the control group(Z =-3.062,-2.509,-2.239,-2.056,-2.126,-2.045,-2.023,all P <0.05).In the 24th end of month after intervention,all items in the study group were significantly better than those in the control group (Z =-4.078,-3.792,-2.080,-2.098,-1.985,-2.478,-2.173,-2.478,-3.290,-2.514,-2.730,all P <0.05 ).Conclusion The network intervention can significantly improve lifestyle and behaviors habit of the middle -aged patients with hypertension.Its effect is much better than that of outpatient service follow -up.

Nanotechnology is the technique that is used in manufacturing special function products with the studies of movement regularities and properties for electrons, atoms and molecules within 1-100 nm. It is penetrating into the fields of biology and medicine. Because nanoparticles possess quantum size effect, surface little size effect and grand quantum tunnel effect, they exhibit many characteristics such as great specific surface area, high surface activity, a lot of surface active centers, high catalytic efficiency and strong adsorbing ability. The development of biology and medicine will be speeded up with the progress of nanotechnology and the understanding of nanoparticles.
Biomedical Technology ; Humans ; Medicine ; trends ; Nanotechnology ; Nanotubes ; chemistry ; Particle Size

To study the effects of nano elemental selenium (Nano-Se) or sodium selenite (Na2SeO3) on the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and Type-I deiodinase in the liver. A total of 234 weanling pigs (Duroc x Landrace x Yorkshire) at an average initial body weight of 8.3 kg were allocated to 13 treatments. The thirteen dietary treatments were basal diet only (containing 0.04 mg/kg Se), basal diet + 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 1.0 mg/kg Se as Na2SeO3 or Nano-Se, respectively. The results were as follows: Supplementation with 1.0 mg/ kg Se as Na2SeO3 reduced (P < 0.05) growth performance and GSH-Px activities as compared with the addition of a concentration range of 0.20-0.40 mg/kg Se. When Nano-Se was added to the diet, the growth and GSH-Px activities remained steady at the peak value as at a concentration of 1.0 mg/kg Se; There were no difference in the activities of GSH-Px between the treatments of Nano-Se and Na2SeO3 when added concentration of Se was 0.10-0.40 mg/kg. The pigs had higher (P < 0.05) activities of GSH-Px at a concentration range of 0.50 and 1.0 mg/kg as Nano-Se than Na2SeO3; Supplentation with Se increased the activity of Type- I deiodinase in liver, however, the increased extent was affected by neither Se sources nor added concentration of Se. The results implicated that for the best concentration range of Weinberg curve, Nano-Se is wider than Na2SeO3.
Animals ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Glutathione Peroxidase ; metabolism ; Iodide Peroxidase ; metabolism ; Liver ; enzymology ; Metal Nanoparticles ; administration & dosage ; Selenium ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Sodium Selenite ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Swine

With the economic development of China and transformation of medical model, people pay more attention to their spiritual world and psychological health, and medical psychology has become a major in urgent need of construction. Foreign medical/clinical psychology education was established earlier and has become relatively mature, thus making its experience valuable for reference. This paper compares and analyzes the current situation of undergraduate medical psychology education, and puts forward optimization strategies from the aspects of college planning, curriculum training scheme and teachers’ teaching philosophy, hoping to provide some ideas for the construction of undergraduate medical psychology education in China.