Objective To develop a sensitive and simple LC/MS method for determination of methomyl in blood samples.Methods Methomyl was extracted from blood by liquid-liquid extraction with ethyl acetate, and then analyzed on a Zorbax SB-C18 (2.1mm×50mm, 5μm) column. The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-0.1% formic acid with gradient elution, at a lfow rate of 0.5 mL/min, at 40℃. LC-MS was performed in ESI source with MRM mode for quantiifcation.ResultsThe linear range of the concentration were 0.05~2.0μg/mL for methomyl (r>0.995). The relative recoveries of methomyl were in the range of 90%~108%. The RSDs of intra-days and inter-day were both less than 15%.Conclusion The method is a simple, quick, sensitive and could be used for determination of methomyl in blood samples.

Objective To investigate the medication safety and relevant influence factors among the elderly with chronic diseases,to improve the safety of the elderly medication,and provide the theory basis for the rational use of drugs.Methods Questionnaire survey was conducted on 452 elderly outpatients with chronic diseases using self-designed questionnaire.Results 21.7％ (98/452) of the elderly took seven or more drugs.The incidence of adverse drug reactions was 38.4％ (174/452).The prevalence in the top three were cardiovascular disease [61.3％ (277/452)],diabetes [53.5％ (242/452)],and lung disease [42.0％ (190/452)].Old people had unsafe medication behaviors including missing medication,stopping medication on their own,increased or reduced dosages of medicine and taking overdue medication,and so on.Logistic regression analysis showed that the main influence factors of medication safety were age,previous occupation,educational level,monthly household income per capita,medication time,the source of drugs and whether received medication safety health education (P＜0.05).Conclusions Relative lack of safety knowledge,wrong cognition and behaviors exist in the elderly.It is worthy of paying attention to adverse drug reactions and hidden dangers of the elderly.

Objective To make genetic diagnosis of Alagille syndrome (ALGS) patients using target gene sequence capture and next generation sequencing technology.Method Target gene sequence capture and next generation sequencing were used to detect ALGS gene of 4 patients.They were hospitalized at the Affiliated Hospital,Capital Institute of Pediatrics between January 2014 and December 2015,referred to clinical diagnosis of ALGS typical and atypical respectively in 2 cases.Blood samples were collected from patients and their parents and genomic DNA was extracted from lymphocytes.Target gene sequence capture and next generation sequencing was detected.Sanger sequencing was used to confirm the results of the patients and their parents.Result Cholestasis,heart defects,inverted triangular face and butterfly vertebrae were presented as main clinical features in 4 male patients.The first hospital visiting ages ranged from 3 months and 14 days to 3 years and 1 month.The age of onset ranged from 3 days to 42 days (median 23 days).According to the clinical diagnostic criteria of ALGS,patient 1 and patient 2 were considered as typical ALGS.The other 2 patients were considered as atypical ALGS.Four Jagged 1 (JAG1) pathogenic mutations were detected.Three different missense mutations were detected in patient 1 to patient 3 with ALGS(c.839C ＞T(p.W280X),c.703G ＞A(p.R235X),c.1720C ＞T(p.V574M)).The JAG1 mutation of patient 3 was first reported.Patient 4 had one novel insertion mutation (c.1779_1780insA(p.Ile594AsnfsTer23)).Parental analysis verified that the JAG1 missense mutation of 3 patients were de novo.The results of sanger sequencing was consistent with the results of the next generation sequencing.Conclusion Target gene sequence capture combined with next generation sequencing can detect two pathogenic genes in ALGS and test genes of other related diseases in infantile cholestatic diseases simultaneously and presents a high throughput,high efficiency and low cost.It may provide molecular diagnosis and treatment for clinicians with good clinical application prospects.

Objective To develop a simple and fast UPLC-MS/MS method for determination of aconitine in biological human sample. Methods The biological human sample was treated by acetonitrile precipitation, and then analyzed on a UPLC C18(2.1mm×50mm, 1.7μm)column. The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-0.1% formic acid with gradient elution, at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min, at 40℃. UPLC-MS/MS was performed in ESI source with MRM mode for quantification. Results The linear range of the concentration were 0.5~500ng/mL in blood and 1~1000ng/mL for aconitine in blood for aconitine (r>0.995). The relative recoveries of aconitine were in the range of 91.3%~110.2%, and the extraction recoveries were in the range of 72.8%~83.5%. The RSDs of intra-days and inter-day were both less than 14%. Conclusion The method is a simple, fast and could be used for determination of aconitine in biological human sample.

In this study, the current status for breast diseases in a region with high-incidence of cervical cancer were epidemiologically investigated. From March to August, 2009, 17618 women, from Wufeng area of Hubei province, China, were recruited to screen breast diseases by using breast infrared diagnostic apparatus. Other diagnostic methods, such as B-mode ultrasound, X-ray mammography, needle biopsy and pathological examination were, if necessary, used to further confirm the diagnosis. The screening showed that 5990 of 17618 cases (34.00%) had breast diseases, 5843 (33.16%) had mammary gland hyperplasia, 48 (0.27%) had breast fibroadenoma, 11 (0.06%) had breast carcinoma, and 88 (0.50%) had other breast diseases. The peak morbidity of breast cancer was found in the women aged 50-60 ages. The morbidity of breast cancer was significantly increased in women elder than or equal to 50 years old (n=8, 0.157%) in comparison with that in the subjects younger than 50 years old (n=3, 0.024%) (u=2.327, P<0.05). It was shown that the occurrence of breast diseases was concentrated in women aged 20-40 years, while the total morbidity reached its peak at the age of 30 years and then decreased sharply after age of 40. Compared with the patients elder than or equal to 40 years old (n=3289, 27.46%), the morbidity rate of breast diseases was significantly increased in women less than 40 years old (2648 cases, 47.18%; P<0.001). However, there was no significant difference in the morbidity of breast diseases between the age group of 20-29 years and that of 30-39 years (P=0.453), and both of them were high. There was no significant association between the morbidity of breast diseases and cervical cancer. Since the morbidity of breast diseases was higher among young women, more attention should be paid to the screening of breast diseases among young women for early diagnosis.

Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) is a imaging manifestation of cerebral small vessel disease. At present, more and more opinions believe that vascular endothelial injury plays an important role in the pathogenesis of CMBs. The destruction of the blood-brain barrier and inflammatory response caused by vascular endothelial dysfunction may promote the occurrence and development of CMBs. At the same time, the deposition of hemosiderin around the lesion of CMBs may also trigger an inflammatory response. However, the relevant mechanisms and causality have not yet been fully elucidated. This article reviews the vascular endothelial inflammatory factors related to CMBs and their mechanism in the pathogenesis of CMBs.

Objective:To explore the ability of sequential immunization regimen inducing neutralizing antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) Wuhan-Hu1 and Omicron variants in mice.Methods:Groups of 6-8-week-old BALB/c mice were primed with two doses of Wuhan-Hu-1 inactivated vaccine, and then boosted with Omicron or Wuhan-Hu-1 inactivated vaccine, respectively. Binding antibodies were tested by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay; and neutralizing antibodies against Wuhan-Hu1 and Omicron variants were analyzed by vesicular stomatitis virus pseudovirus assay system; SARS-CoV-2 specific cellular immune responses were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot assay.Results:IgG antibodies against Wuhan-Hu1, Delta and Omicron RBD were enhanced after the second dose of Wuhan-Hu1 inactivated vaccine. Compared with Wuhan-Hu1 inactivated vaccine, the group boosted with Omicron inactivated vaccine improved Wu-RBD and Omic-RBD specific IgG antibodies 1.41 and 1.26 times, and serum neutralizing antibodies against BA.1, BA.2, BA.4/5 and BF.7 were elevated 4.5, 3.4, 12.1 and 6.5 folds, respectively, by sequential immunization. After booster immunization with inactivated Wuhan-Hu1 or Omicron vaccines, Wu-RBD IgA titer was significantly higher than that of one dose inactivated Wuhan-Hu1 vaccine ( P=0.005 7, P=0.006 1). Conclusions:Neutralizing antibodies against Omicron variants were enhanced by sequential immunization with Omicron inactivated vaccine. Specific IgA was significantly enhanced after the third dose of inactivated vaccine.

In this study,the current status for breast diseases in a region with high-incidence of cervical cancer were epidemiologically investigated.From March to August,2009,17618 women,from Wufeng area of Hubei province,China,were recruited to screen breast diseases by using breast infrared diagnostic apparatus.Other diagnostic methods,such as B-mode ultrasound,X-ray mammography,needle biopsy and pathological examination were,if necessary,used to further confirm the diagnosis.The screening showed that 5990 of 17618 cases (34.00％) had breast diseases,5843 (33.16％) had mammary gland hyperplasia,48 (0.27％) had breast fibroadenoma,ll (0.06％) had breast carcinoma,and 88 (0.50％) had other breast diseases.The peak morbidity of breast cancer was found in the women aged 50-0 ages.The morbidity of breast cancer was significantly increased in women elder than or equal to 50 years old (n=8,0.157％) in comparison with that in the subjects younger than 50 years old (n=3,0.024％) (u=2.327,P＜0.05).It was shown that the occurrence of breast diseases was concentrated in women aged 20-40 years,while the total morbidity reached its peak at the age of 30 years and then decreased sharply after age of 40.Compared with the patients elder than or equal to 40 years old (n=3289,27.46％),the morbidity rate of breast diseases was significantly increased in women less than 40 years old (2648 cases,47.18％; P＜0.001).However,there was no significant difference in the morbidity of breast diseases between the age group of 20-29 years and that of 30-39 years (P=0.453),and both of them were high.There was no significant association between the morbidity of breast diseases and cervical cancer.Since the morbidity of breast diseases was higher among young women,more attention should be paid to the screening of breast diseases among young women for early diagnosis.

OBJECTIVE To investigate a method for dynamic monitoring of drug consumption （DMDC） based on statistical process control （SPC）， aiming to improve the macro-supervisory capacity in the process of drug utilization. METHODS The lists of key monitoring drug varieties in our hospital were established based on drug cost and relevant national documents. Monthly consumption data of key monitoring drug varieties in the entire hospital， outpatient pharmacy and inpatient pharmacy were taken as monitoring objects，and the DMDC model was established using SPC’s X control chart， moving range control chart， and exponentially weighted moving-average control chart， monitoring from three dimensions： single-month consumption， range variation， and consumption trend. Rosuvastatin， metoprolol and meropenem were taken as examples to demonstrate the monitoring capabilities of the DMDC model. RESULTS Lists of key monitoring drug varieties were established for entire hospital， outpatient pharmacy and inpatient pharmacy， containing 203， 167 and 200 varieties， respectively. After excluding drug varieties that could not be modeled and for which modeling failed， 179， 116 and 172 DMDC models were successfully established for these three drug consumption areas， respectively. During the first four months of 2024， these three groups of model separately warned 54， 32 and 62 drug varieties. The DMDC model successfully monitored the monthly consumption of drugs，such as rosuvastatin throughout the hospital， metoprolol in outpatient pharmacy， and meropenem in inpatient pharmacy. Compared with the previously used floating rate ranking method in our hospital， the application of the DMDC model significantly improved the scope and depth of drug monitoring， with the monitored drug varieties greatly expanded from about 50 to 179， and the monitoring dimensions increased from a single dimension to three. CONCLUSIONS The DMDC model based on SPC is effective and feasible，suitable for monitoring drug varieties with stable monthly consumption.