Objective: To determine the rationality of prescription of Xiaoyu tablets. Methods: The effects of Xiaoyu tablets and its single constituents on endothelin-1(ET-1) and nitric oxide(NO) in atherosclerotic rabbits were observed. Results: Xiaoyu tablets showed stronger actions than its single constituents (extract of radix salviae miltiorrhizae or fructus crataegi) in decreasing the contents of ET-1 in plasma and atherosclerotic vessel wall and increasing the contents of NO in serum and atherosclerotic vessel wall. Conclusion: There was the obvious synergism on reduction of ET-1 and elevation of NO in atheroscleerotic rabbits when both extracts of the Chinese herbal medicines were simultaneously used.

Object To determine the rationality of prescription of XIAOYU TABLETS. (Tablet for the elimination of blood stasis). Methods The effects of XIAOYU TABLETS and its individual constituents on endothelin 1 and nitric oxide in atherosclerotic rabbits were observed and compared. Results XIAOYU TABLETS showed stronger actions than its individual constituents (extract of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae or Fructus Crataegi) in decreasing the contents of endothelin 1 in plasma and atherosclerotic vessel wall and increasing the contents of nitric oxide in serum and atherosclerotic vessel wall. Conclusion The combine use of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae and Fructus Crataegi extracts showed an obvious synergistic effect on reduction of endothelin 1 and elevation of nitric oxide in atherosclerotic rabbits.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of Maren pills combined with lactulose preventing opioid-induced constipation (OIC) in patients with cancer pain. METHODS:281 cases of advanced cancer pain were selected and divided into Maren pills group,lactulose group and drug combination group. 3 groups were given opioid to relieve pain,and additionally received Maren pills,lactulose or drug combination(lactulose for 3 d and then Maren pills for 3 d instead,repeated in the same way)to treatment OIC prophylactically. The constipation conditions of 3 groups were observed and recorded at 2,4 and 6 weeks after the therapy. And then the data were analyzed statistically. RESULTS:The regular doses of Maren pills and lactulose alone or combination had prevention effect on OIC. Drug combination showed better long-term prevention effect;there were statistically significant difference in constipation conditions between grug combination group and other 2 groups after 4 and 6 weeks of therapy (P<0.05 or P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS:Maren pills combined with lactulose are obvious benefit for constipation prevention and relief in cancer pain patients who use opioid for a long time.

Objective To analyze the relationship between visceral obesity and hyperuricemia (HUA), and to provide the basis for the further study of obesity and HUA. Methods A total of 1 824 participants came from Tianjin Heping District Health Education Guidance Center in 2014 were selected in this study. The investigation was performed with physical examination and laboratory test for all subjects. Body fat analyzer was used to measure the visceral fat area (VFA). The Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between visceral obesity and HUA. Results The prevalence of HUA in men and women increased gradually with VFA increasing (P<0.05). There was a positive correlation between VFA, waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and serum uric acid (SUA) level (P<0.05). According to the results of Logistic regression analysis, VFA (OR=1.805,95%CI=1.166-2.794) and WHR (OR=2.108,95%CI=1.061-4.189) were the risk factors of HUA in men. And in women, VFA (OR=1.775,95%CI=1.154-2.732), WC (OR=2.015, 95%CI=1.137- 3.570) and WHR (OR=2.489, 95% CI=1.400- 4.426) were the risk factors of HUA. Conclusion The accumulation of visceral fat will increase the risk of HUA. So it is necessary to strengthen the detection of visceral obesity to prevent the development of HUA.

Objective To investigate the effects of probiotics combined with dietary intervention on pe-ripheral blood glucose and lipid metabolism indicators,placental tissue insulin signaling pathway proteins ex-pression and pregnant outcome in the patients with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM).Methods A total of 83 patients with GDM in this hospital from December 2021 to December 2022 were selected as the study sub-jects and divided into the probiotics group(probiotics combined with diet intervention,43 cases)and control group(simple diet intervention,40 cases)by the random number table method.The levels of peripheral blood glucose,lipid and insulin resistance related indicators before the intervention and in 8 weeks after the interven-tion were compared between the two groups.The histological changes of placenta were observed by HE stai-ning.The pathological indicators were compared between the two groups.The expression levels of insulin re-ceptor substrate-1(IRS-1),glucose transporter 4(GLUT4)and synaptosome-associated protein of 23 kDa(SNAP23)in placental tissue were detected by immunohistochemistry.The pregnant adverse outcomes were compared between the two groups,and the clinical efficacy of probiotics was evaluated.Results Compared with the control group,the levels of fasting blood glucose(FBG),fasting insulin(FINS),serum triglyceride(TG)and low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)in 8 weeks after intervention in the probiotics group were significantly decreased(P＜0.05),and the level of serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)was significantly increased(P＜0.05).There were no significant differences in the incidence rates of poor villi maturation,thickening of dry villi arterioles and capillary filling in villi interstitial between the two groups(P＞0.05).Compared with the control group,the expression levels of IRS-1,GLUT4 and SNAP23 in placen-tal tissue of the probiotics group were significantly increased(P＜0.05).The incidence rates of neonatal hy-poglycemia and neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in the probiotics group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Compared with simple dietary intervention,probiotics combined with dietary intervention has more advantages in improving glucose and lipid metabolism of GDM patients,moreo-ver reduces the adverse events occurrence in newborns.

Recurrence of acute clinical symptoms in inflammatory bowel disease often leads to increase of unplanned readmission rate,thus the disease burden of patients and the shortage of medical resources are aggravated.This article reviews the summary in unplanned readmissions of inflammatory bowel disease pa-tients,influencing factors and risk prediction models aiming at providing a basis to early identify the risk of unplanned readmissions,formulate the nursing decision as early as possible and reduce the medical burden.

Objective:To discuss the effects of 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine(5-Aza-CdR)on autophagy and apoptosis of the TPC-1 cells in subcutaneous xenograft tumor tissue of the nude mice,and to clarify its mechanism.Methods:Sixteen female BALB/c nude mice were inoculated with human papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC)TPC-1 cells in the right axilla to establish the xenograft tumor model.After tumor formation,the mice were randomly divided into control group and experiment group(n=8).The nude mice in control group were given an intraperitoneal injection of saline,while the nude mice in experiment group were given the intraperitoneal injection of 5-Aza-CdR,administered once every other day for four weeks.The growth status of xenograft tumor of the mice in both groups was observed,and the mice were sacrificed after the final administration and the tumor weights of the nude mice in two groups were detected.HE staining was used to observe the pathomorphology of xenograft tumor tissue of the nude mice in both groups;immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression levels of microtubule-associated protein light chain 3(LC3),B-cell lymphoma 2(Bcl-2),and Bcl-2-associated X protein(Bax)in xenograft tumor tissue of the nude mice in two groups;real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR)and Western blotting methods were used to detect the expression levels of LC3,Beclin-1,Bcl-2,Bax,mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase(MEK),extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1(ERK1),extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2(ERK2),phosphorylated EPK1(p-ERK1),and phosphorylated EPK2(p-ERK2)mRNA and proteins in xenograft tumor tissue of the nude mice in two groups.Results:Compared with control group,the tumor volume and weight of the nude mice in experiment group were significantly decreased(P＜0.01).The number of cancer cells of the nude mice in control group was high,and the cells were densely arranged,with irregular shapes,clear nuclear staining,large overlapping nuclei,and lobulation,showing significant pathological mitotic figures consistent with PTC pathological characteristics.The number of cancer cells of the nude mice in experiment group showed a significant decresing trend,and the cells were sparse arrangement,nuclear shrinkage,and less distinct nuclei,with a significant increase in connective tissue.Compared with control group,the expression levels of LC3B and Beclin-1 mRNA and proteins in xenograft tumor tissue of the nude mice in experiment group were significantly increased(P＜0.05)and the ratio of and Bax/Bcl-2 was increased(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),while the expression levels of MEK,ERK1/2,and p-ERK1/2 mRNA and proteins were significantly decreased(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Conclusion:5-Aza-CdR can inhibit the growth of TPC-1 cells in subcutaneous xenograft tumor tissue of the nude mice,induce the autophagy,and promote the apoptosis of the tumor cells.The mechanism may be related to the inhibition of the mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)/MEK/extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK)signaling pathways.

Objectives: Lack of physical activity has a critical effect on the physical and mental health of adolescents. This study examined the influence of family adversities on the longitudinal changes in physical inactivity among adolescents during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods: The study used multi-wave data from the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey, including 2590 Korean adolescents aged 12-14 years. The longitudinal trajectory of physical inactivity among adolescents and the effects of related factors were estimated using a latent growth modeling method. Results: Our results revealed a significant increase in physical inactivity among adolescents over time. At the onset of the pandemic, approximately one-seventh of Korean middle schoolers reported a lack of physical activity. However, 3 years later, during the quarantine, nearly one-fifth of these adolescents reported a significant increase in their physical inactivity. Initially, low level parental education was predictive of adolescents’ physical inactivity, but this effect diminished over time, becoming statistically insignificant by the end of the 3-year period. Moreover, the increase in physical inactivity over the 3 years was significantly influenced by parental rejection. Conclusions These findings suggest that adolescents who experience parental rejection are more likely to report an increase in sedentary behaviors in contexts such as the COVID-19 pandemic.

Wumeiwan are recorded in the Jueyin chapter of Treatise on Cold Damage and Miscellaneous Diseases （《伤寒杂病论》）， and many doctors in the past dynasties believed that they had the effects of calming intestinal ascarid by warming Zang organs. The clinical application was limited. Since KE Qin， a doctor in the Qing dynasty， proposed that Wumeiwan were the primary prescription against Jueyin diseases， Wumeiwan have been valued by doctors， and their clinical application has also been expanded. The syndrome indicated for Wumeiwan is attributed， not only to the ascarid internal harassment， but to the abnormal Qi movement of wind and wood in Jueyin and the dysfunction of Yin and Yang. According to the functions of six meridians based on the theory of "open-close axis" in Huangdi's Internal Classic （《黄帝内经》） and the original texts of Treatise on Cold Damage and Miscellaneous Diseases， Yinshu refers to Jueyin. Wumeiwan， the primary prescription against Jueyin diseases， have the function of connecting Yin and Yang， and they can treat diseases caused by Qi disturbance of Jueyin and cold and heat in complexity. Sharing the same resource， the Secrets for Auxiliary Cultivation Life： The Essential Method of Using Herbal Medicine for the Differential Treatment of the Five Zang Organs （《辅行诀五脏用药法要》） and Treatise on Cold Damage and Miscellaneous Diseases both consult Models of the Classic of Decoction （《汤液经方》）. The formulation rules of tonic/purgative and collapse-saving prescriptions in Secrets for Auxiliary Cultivation Life follow the recorded "Tang Ye Jing Fa Tu" （an image revealing the compatibility principles of Chinese herbal drugs） and are closely related to the five elements theory. By exploring the formulation rules in "Tang Ye Jing Fa Tu" and the five elements of drugs， this study analyzed Wumeiwan and proved that Wumeiwan mainly acted on the liver， spleen， and heart. According to the Five Zang-organs Storing Spirit theory from Huangdi's Internal Classic， the above three organs are closely related to emotional adjustment. Therefore， the treatment of emotional disorders caused by qi disturbance of Jueyin and cold and heat in complexity with Wumeiwan is supported by evidence. At the end of this article， the reports on the treatment of emotional disorders with Wumeiwan in recent years were listed and reviewed. This article provides new ideas for the clinical application of Wumeiwan in the treatment of emotional disorders and expands the application range.

AIM: To study the effect of intense pulsed light(IPL)combined with meibomian gland massage on postoperative dry eye in cataract patients with meibomian gland dysfunction(MGD).METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the general data of 100 patients(100 eyes)with cataract and postoperative dry eye syndrome accompanied by MGD treated in our hospital from June 2022 to June 2023. They were divided into a control group(n=50)and an observation group(n=50)according to different treatment methods, and received meibomian gland massage and meibomian gland massage combined with IPL treatment, respectively. The tear film break-up time(BUT), Schirmer I test(S I t), meibomian gland secretion score, ocular surface disease index(OSDI), ocular staining score(OSS), and treatment efficacy of the two groups of patients were compared before treatment and at 1 wk and 1 and 3 mo after treatment.RESULTS: The BUT and SIt in both groups after treatment were higher than those before treatment, while the secretion of meibomian gland, OSS score, and OSDI score were lower than those before treatment(all P<0.05); the observation group had higher levels of BUT and SIT at 1 wk, 1 and 3 mo compared to the control group(all P<0.05), and lower levels of meibomian gland secretion, OSS score, and OSDI score compared to the control group(all P<0.05); the effective rate of treatment in the observation group was 86.0%, which was higher than that in the control group(68.0%; P<0.05).CONCLUSION: IPL combined with meibomian gland massage for treating postoperative dry eye in cataract patients with MGD can promote the extension of BUT, increase tear secretion, and reduce OSS and OSDI scores.