Objective To explore the effect and underlying mechanism of Sarcandra glabra Nakai on radiation pneumonnopathy in miniature pigs irradiated with 60Co γ-rays.Methods Totally 60 miniature pigs were randomly divided into blank control group,irradiated group with 15 Gy of 60Co γ-rays,and intervention group administered with Sarcandra glabra Nakai at the dosage of 0.3 g/kg before 15 Gy irradiation.At 4,8,12 and 24 weeks post-irradiation,the respiratory rate and weight were observed,and a portion of the right lung tissue was taken out to conduct HE and Masson staining examination,while the expressions of TGF-β1 and TNF-α as well as the content of hydroxyproline (HP) were detected.Results The respiratory rate,the lung coefficient and the content of HP in the irradiated group showed an increasing trend at 4,8,12 and 24 weeks post-irradiation and significantly higher than those in other two groups (F =21.035,146.014,32.610,P ＜ 0.05).Those indicators were indistinguishable between the control group and intervention group at 4 and 8 weeks post-irradiation (F =0.055,2.456,5.581,P ＞ 0.05),while the indicators of the irradiation group were significantly higher than that of intervention group (F =91.897,93.149,83.487,P ＜0.05) at 12 and 24 weeks post-irradiation.The pulmonary histopathological results showed that no inflammatory response or fibrosis was found in the control group and intervention TGF-β1 and TNF-α in the intervention group were negatively expressed at 4 and 8 weeks post-irradiation and had low expressions at 12 and 24 weeks post-irradiation which was lower than that of the irradiated group.Conclusions Sarcandrae has protective effect against radiation-induced lung injury in miniature pigs probably by inhibiting the expressions of TNF-α and HP.

Objective To measure the serum levels of endostatin in lung cancer patients in different stages and with histological types, and explore the clinical value of serum level in early diagnosis of lung cancer.Methods ELISA was used to detect the level of serum endostatin in 81 patients with lung cancer (lung cancer group), 23 patients with benign lung disease (benign lung disease group), 20 healthy controls (healthy control group). The serum levels of endostatin were analyzed in lung cancer patients in different stages and with histological types.Results The serum level of endostatin in lung cancer group was (2.53±8.75) ng/mL, significantly higher than that in benign lung disease group (4.63±1.12) ng/mL and healthy control group (4.53±1.24) ng/mL. In lung cancer group, the serum level of endostatin of stage Ⅰsubgroup and Ⅱsubgroup was significantly higher than that of stage Ⅲ subgroup. The differences were statistically significant. There were statistical differences of serum level of endostatin among the lung cancer patients with different histological types.Conclusion Serum endostatin might be used as an indicator of early diagnosis of lung cancer.

To analyze the clinical characteristics,imaging and pathological features of 1 case with partial right lung atelectasis and summarize the relevant domestic reports on the false positive of positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) and tumor markers.The patient was diagnosed by PET-CT as partial atelectasis and there were progressive increases of CEA,CA199 and CA242.But site of lesion biopsy showed no malignancy.After treatments of anti-inflammatory and eliminating phlegm,the tumor markers returned to normal and the lesion site had excellent re-expansion.The detection of PET-CT plus tumor markers may have false positive probability.The reason is probably related with inflammation and glandular secretion of lesion site.

Objective To investigate the relationship between RKIP expression and the efficiency of radiotherapy in NPC patients and evaluate the possibility of using RKIP as a predictor of radiosensitivity.Methods A total of 180 patients with NPC in Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center without evidence of distant metastasis at initial diagnosis were enrolled in this study,who had received intensity-modulated radiotherapy alone.Patients were classified into 2 groups according to criteria below:patients with biopsy proven recurrent diseases occurring at nasopharynx and/or neck within 5 years after radiotherapy were classified as the radioresistant group.The pathological type at relapse was the same as the previous one before treatment.Patients with a minimum follow-up of 5 years after radiotherapy without evidence of recurrence at the original site of the tumor were classified as the radiosensitive group.Patients in the 2 groups were matched according to the factors related with radiosensitivity.RKIP was examined by immunohistochemical staining before radiotherapy.The relationship between RKIP expression and the effect of radiotherapy were analyzed.Results The positive rate of the RKIP expression in the radiosensitive group versus the radioresistant group was 80.0％ versus 26.7％.The positive rate (x2 =12.498,P ＜0.01) and the intensity of the RKIP expression (x2 =51.429,P ＜ 0.01) were significantly different between 2 groups with a negative correlation with radio-resistance to NPC (r =-0.344,-0.535,respectively,P ＜ 0.01).Based on the RKIP expression,the radiosensitivity,specificity,accuracy,positive predictive value,negative predictive value,false positive and false negative were predicted as follows:80.0％,73.3％,77.2％,75.0％,78.6％,26.7％,and 20.0％,respectively.Conclusions RKIP protein shows negative correlation with radioresistance to NPC and could serve as a biomarker in preliminarily screening the intrinsic radiosensitivity of NPC.

Objective To study more reasonable method of radiation barrier for cervical cancer treated with external radiation. Methods The distance from cervical canals to tumor's margin in x axis was measured by B ultrasonic, around uterus were evaluated by physical examination.and the dose around uterus for patient who used fixed lead brick for radiation barrier when treated with external radiation were calculationed by TPS, in 39 case of cervical cancer treated with external radiation combine with intracavitary irradiation. Pay attention to the lower dose area around uterus. Results It might bring about lower dose area around uterus who used fixed lead brick for radiation barrier when treated with external radiation,and mass might be in above area. Conclusion Cervical cancer treated with external radiation with source axial distance (SAD), and radiation barrier with lead brick individuate may help for to avoid the lower dose area around uterus.

Objective:To study the expression and significance of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) in nasal polyps.Method:Expression of TGF-β1 in nasal polyps from 34 patients and middle turbinates from 30 patients with deviation of nasal septum were prospectively studied with immunohistochemistry.Each tissue section was observed under optical microscope.Result:①The TGF-β1 positivity in extracellular matrix and in cells in the stroma was significantly higher in nasal polyps than in middle turbinates (P＜0.01).②The distribution and shape of TGF-β1 expressing cells in nasal polyps was similar to that of eosinophil,their positivities were significantly correlative (P＜0.05).③The positivity of TGF-β1 did not correlate with clinical type of nasal polyps (P＞0.05),eosinophil infiltration correlated significantly with clinical type of nasal polyps(P＜0.05).Conclusion:①The TGF-β1 may contribute to some of the pathologic changes observed in nasal polyps,such as thickening of the epithelial basement membrane and stromal fibrosis.②Eosinophils in nasal polyps represent a major source of TGF-β1.③Eosinophils infiltration may play a prominent role in the development and recurrence of nasal polyps.

Objective To discuss the feasibility of Monte Carlo N-particle transport code(MCNP)simulated calculation.Methods The calculation in water phantom was contrasted with the practical measurements and the reported values using the percent depth dose(PDD)curve and normal peak scatter factor.Results There Was no significant difference between calculated and measured results in the 10 cm×10 cm field(t＝-0.41,P>0.05),however,there were significant differences in the 5 cm×5 cm field(t=7.2,P<0.05)and in the 12 cm×12 cm field(t=-4.6,P<0.05).There was no significant difierence between the calculated results and the reported values(t=-1.91,P>0.05).In the same radiation field,the PDD decreased as the depth increased,but increased as the size of the radiation field increased at the same depth.PDD and normal peak scatter factor were both important parameters for calculation of prescribed dose.Conclusions It is possible to establish a set of accurate and comprehensive percent depth doses and normal peak scatter factor parameters so as to provide the basis of clinical use, quality assurance and quality control for radiotherapy.

Objective To investigate the effect of responsibility contracting system in clinical teaching.Methods One hundred and eighty eights probationers from August 2009 to July 2010 as controls were trained by functional nursing teaching. Another 192 probationers from August 2009 to July 2010 were assigned as the experiment group,and given clinical teaching by way of the Responsibility Contracting System.The teaching effects in the two groups were compared.Results The probationers in the experiment group had significant improvements in the ability to perform health education,manipulation of nursing skills,ability in observation skills,and nursing documents writing,compared to the control group(P<0?01).Conclusions The teaching mode of responsibility contracting system is effective in strengthening the responsibility of probationer nurses,attaching great importance to the implementation of basic nursing,improving students’ability in implementation of health education and performance of skill manipulation and nursing,and eventually improving the level and quality of nursing teaching?

AIM: To investigate the effect of 17?-estradiol on insulin action in cultured C2C12 mytoblasts. METHODS: C2C12 mytoblasts were cultured in 35 mm wells of six-well culture plate in an atmosphere of 5% CO 2 at 37℃ in DMEM supplemented with 10% FBS and penicillin/streptomycin(1?10 5 U/L) to reach 80% confluence. Insulin-resistance C2C12 mytoblasts were obtained by incubating the cells for 24 hours in the presence of a high concentration (5?10 -7 mol/L) of insulin. After treatmented with 17?-estradiol (1 nmol/L and 10 nmol/L, respectively) for 24 hours, C2C12 mytoblasts were performed to measure insulin-stimulated 2-DG uptake and GS, PFK, PK activities. RESULTS: 17?-estradiol enhanced the capacity of insulin-stimulited 2-DG uptake, increased the GS, PFK and PK activities and prevented insulin-induced resistance in cultured C2C12 mytoblasts. CONCLUSION: 17?-estradiol potentiates insulin action and preventes insulin-induced resistance in cultured C2C12 mytoblasts.

AIM: To study the molecular mechanism in modulation of expression of insulin receptor substrate-1 and-2 (IRS-1,-2) by estrogen and high concentration of insulin. METHODS: The 5′-regulatory regions of IRS-1 and IRS-2 gene were cloned into the pGL3 plasmid with luciferase reporter, and the clones were transfected into HeLa cells. The cells were incubated with estradiol (1 nmol/L) and high concentration of insulin (100 nmol/L). The relatively transcriptional activity of the 5′-regulatory regions of IRS-1 and IRS-2 gene was detected. RESULTS: It was found that the relatively transcriptional activity of the 5′-modulatory regions of IRS-2 reduced markedly after cells were incubated with 100 nmol/L insulin (P