OBJECTIVE: To establish the quality stangard of Erkening misture.METHODS:Raphanus sativus and Fritillaria thunbergii were identifided by TLC, and the content of the Baicalin in Erkening misture was determinated by HPLC. RESULTS: The TLC spots of Raphanus sativus and Fritillaria thunbergii were distinctive. The linear range of Baicalin was 0.319～2.64 ?g (r=0.999 3). The average recovery was 99.56%, and RSD was 0.83% (n=9). CONCLUSION: This established standard can be used for the quality control of the Erkening misture.

Cognitive dysfunction is associated with common symptoms of people with epilepsy, mainly declining in attention, memoryand planning ability to judge. With the change of medical model, cognitive rehabilitation should be comprised in epileptic therapeuticschemes by doctors. The relationship between epilepsy and cognition has attracted more and more attention. This article summarized thecognitive influencing factors in epilepsy itself, treatments and social psychological factors in order to explain the mechanism of the effect ofcognitive function.

Objective To investigate the role of extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK)signal pathway in the spinal cord in the development of chronic morphine tolerance.Methods Thirty healthy male SD rats weighing 300-350 g in which intrathecal(IT)catheters were successfully implanted without complication were randomly divided into 3 groups(n = 10 each): group Ⅰ control(group C);group Ⅱ morphine tolerance(group M)and group Ⅲ morphine tolerance + PD98059(ERK upstream kinase MEK inhibitor)(group P).Morphine tolerance was induced with IT morphine 10 μg twice a day for 7 consecutive days.In group P PD98059 10 μg was injected IT at 30 min before each morphine administration.Tail flick latency(TFL)(the time between the onset of heat stimulus and voluntary tail withdrawal)was measured once a day at 30 min after first IT morphine administration and at 1 day after last IT morphine.Maximum analgesic effect(MPE)was calculated.MPE =(TFL after IT morphine - baseline TFL)/(12 - baseline TFL)× 100%.The animals were sacrificed after last TFL measurement.The L3-5 segment of the spinal cord was isolated for determination of the expression of μ-receptor and phosphorylated ERK 1/2(p-ERK1/2)by Western blot analysis and fluoroimmunoassay.Results Morphine tolerance was induced in group M and M + P.MPE was higher in group P than in group M.The expression of μ-receptor in spinal dorsal horn was significantly lower while the p-ERK1/2 expression was higher in group M than in group C.IT PD98059 significantly up-regulated μ-receptor expression and down-regulated p-ERK expression in group P as compared with group M.Conclusion ERK signal pathway is involved in the development of chronic morphine tolerance in rats.

Nursing experiences on 4 children with organic acidemia were summarized. The nursing care focused on correct collection of samples for early diagnosis,prompt opening of an effective intravenous route to manage water,electrolyte,acid-base and metabolic imbalances,special medication nursing,strict diet control to prevent relapse,health education to keep normal growth and development. Three children were followed up for 1 month,7 months and 1 year respectively with disease controlled and a child was withdrawn treatment from.

Objective To investigate the role of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in the induction of neuronal apoptosis in spinal dorsal horn in chronic morphine tolerant rats. Methods Twenty healthy male SD rats weighing 300-350 g in which intrathecal (IT) catheter was successfully implanted without complication were randomized into 4 groups ( n = 5 each): group Ⅰ control ( group C);group Ⅱ morphine ( group M );group Ⅲ morphine +RU38486 (GR antagonist) (group MR) and group Ⅳ morphine + dexamethasone (GR agonist) (group MD).Normal saline 10 μl, morphine 10 μg, morphine 10 μg + RU38486 2 μg and morphine 10μg + dexamethasone 4 μg were injected IT twice a day at 8:00 and 20:00 for6 consecutive days in group C, M, MR and MD respectively. Tail flick latency (TFL) to a thermal nociceptive stimulus was measured every day at 30 min after IT administration in the morning (8:00). Hyperalgesia was considered to be a sign of morphine tolerance. The animals were killed at 7 days after IT drug administration. The L3-5 segment of the spinal cord was isolated for determination of neuronal apoptosis in spinal dorsal horn by TUNEL staining. Apoptotic index was calculated ( the number of apoptotic neurons/the total number of neurons × 100% ). Results TFL was significantly prolonged at day 1 and 3 of IT morphine 10 μg twice a day and returned to baseline at day 5 and 7 indicating morphine tolerance. RU38486 inhibited while dexamethasone enhanced morphine tolerance. IT morphine significantly increased the number of apoptotic neurons in spinal dorsal horn. Morphine-induced neuronal apoptosis was decreased by IT RU38486 and increased by IT dexamethasone. Conclusion Glucocorticoid receptors may be involved in morphine tolerance by inducing neuronal apoptosis in spinal dorsal horn.

Objective To investigate the relationships between parameters of serum iron metabolism and liver in-flammatory activity grades, and to find out the difference in parameters of serum iron metabolism between patients with hepa-titis B and patients with hepatitis C. Methods A total of 166 patients with viral hepatitis were enrolled in this study, in-cluding 135 case of hepatitis B and 31 cases of hepatitis C. The serum iron metabolism indexes including serum iron (SI), se-rum ferritin (SF), transferring (TRF), total iron binding capacity (TIBC) were collected, and the transferring saturation (TS), al-anine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin (TBIL) and albumin (ALB) were calculated. Thirty-nine patients were selected from 135 hepatitis B patients by corresponding gender, age and liver function with 31 hep-atitis C patients. The indicators of iron metabolism were compared between two groups. Results There was a positive corre-lation between age , TRF and TIBC. There were positive correlations between SI, SF, TS and ALT, AST, TBIL respectively, and negative correlations between SF, TS and ALB. TRF and TIBC were negatively correlated with ALT, AST and TBIL, but positively correlated with ALB (rs=0.551,P<0.001). The value of SF was significantly higher in patients with hepatitis C than that of patients with hepatitis B. The levels of TRF and TIBC were significantly lower in patients with hepatitis C than those of patients with hepatitis B (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in SI and TS between two groups. Conclu-sion There was a significant correlation between parameters of serum iron metabolism and live inflammatory activity grades. The iron overload phenomenon is much common in patients with chronic hepatitis C than that of patients with chronic hepatitis B.

OBJECTIVE: To observe effects of polyanhydride-three-dimensional vector-glucan material on the fetal liver stem cell adhesion and proliferation.METHODS: The two-step collagenase perfusion digestion and bliquid percoll discontinuous density gradient centrifugation was used to isolate fetal liver stem cells. Fetal liver stem cells at the third passage were incubated on the polyanhydride-three-dimensional vector-glucan material. Inverted microscope was utilized to observe cell adhesion and growth status. Cell adherent rate, proliferation activity were calculated, and cell number was counted. Cell-vector was obtained for tissue section. Using hematoxylin-eosin staining, cell growth in the vector was observed under the optical microscope. At 7 days,immunofluorescence staining and flow cytometry were used to determine marker expression.RESULTS: Polyanhydride-three-dimensional vector-glucan promoted grow and adhesion of liver stem cells. There was the active function of the liver stem cells within carrier materials. In the three-dimensional surface and the internal culture, liver stem cell proliferation was sustained. After 10 days, the polyanhydride common culture-three-dimensional vector-glucan on stem cells was non-toxic, and human fetal liver stem cells could be attached to the polyanhydride-three-dimensional vector-glucan stent. The cell proliferation was better and dynamic sustained expression of markers. 7-days training received 19.7 percent increase in the number of cells.CONCLUSION: Polyanhydride-three-dimensional vector-glucan promotes the proliferation of liver stem cells, and liver stem cells can be used as the vector in liver tissue engineering.

Objective To investigate the fall efficacy of elderly people in nursing homes and its influencing factors. Methods A total of 174 elderly people in 8 nursing homes in Fujian province were recruited by convenience sampling method. They were investigated with a self-designed questionnaire about the demographic data, the Modified Falls Efficacy Scale (MFES) and the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10). Results The mean score of fall efficacy was 7.81±1.15, which revealed a middle level. The score of get dressed and undressed scored 9.04 ±1.42, which was the highest, while the score of using public transport scored 5.80 ±3.21, which was the lowest. Multiple regression analysis showed that the mental health status, degree of self care, age were influencing factors of fall efficacy of elderly people. Conclusions The fall efficacy level of 174 elderly people is at medium level, which is different among fall efficacy with mental health status, degree of self care, age. Individualized interventions should be designed and provided for them.

Objective To investigate the genetype distribution of mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP) by denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography(DHPLC).Methods A total of 300 cases nasopharyngeal aspirate were collected from our hospital.The MP genes of standard strains and clinical specimens isolates were amplified by PCR followed by DHPLC and genetype determination.Results A total of 110 cases were positive after 24 hours fermentation from 300 cases with pharyngeal swab.By the specific primers of MP-129,MP-FH standard strain and specimens,2 280 bp and 2 580 bp gene fragments were made out respectively.One hundred and ten strains of clinical isolates were detected by DHPLC.One hundred and seven strains of P1-Ⅰ were 1b subtype,3 were type P1-Ⅱ which were all 2a subtype.Conclusion The genetype of MP infection in children from our hospital is P1-Ⅰ,1b subtype by using DHPLC technology.

Background and purpose:Gestational trophoblastic neoplasm (GTN) is a spectrum of disease arising from trophoblastic cells, and the majority of patients with GTN have favorable outcome because of the sensi-tivity to chemotherapy. While the cure rate for high-risk patients is still 70% to 80% as a result of drug resistance and disease recurrence. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics and outcome of patients with high-risk GTN.Methods:The clinical records of patients with high-risk GTN treated in Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University from Jan. 2003 to Jan. 2013 were analyzed and reviewed retrospectively from the aspect of different treatment.Results:Fifty-one patients with high-risk GTN were admitted to this hospital. Among 51 high-risk GTN patients, 46 patients were evaluated retrospectively and 5 patients were excluded for incomplete treatments. Of the 46 patients with high-risk GTN, 27 patients were treated by chemotherapy alone, 19 patients received chemotherapy and adjuvant surgical therapy. Forty-four patients received EMA-CO (VP-16+Act-D+MTX/VCR+CTX) as a ifrst-line chemotherapy, 81.82% (36/44) had complete remission and 8 patients developed resistance to EMA-CO. EMA-EP (VP-16+Act-D+MTX/VP-16+cisplatin) was used as second-line chemotherapy for the 8 patients resistant to EMA-CO, 6 patients (2 underwent adjuvant surgical therapy) achieved remission and 2 patients died as a result of drug-resistance and disease progression. For the remaining 2 patients, one was treated by 5-FU+KSM and pulmonary resection, and the other was treated by MTX for misdiagnosis as ectopic pregnancy and then converted to EMA-CO for the pathological diagnosis of choriocarcinoma after surgery. Both of them achieved complete remission. Ultimately, 95.65% (44/46)patients achieved complete remission. Among the 19 patients who underwent adjuvant surgical therapy, 94.70% (18/19) patients achieved complete remission after chemotherapy and adjuvant surgery, and the remaining one patient died of disease progression.Conclusion:Standard combination chemotherapy is crucial in the treatment of high-risk GTN. The role of adjuvant surgery in the management of high-risk GTN should not be underestimated.