Objective To explore the relevant factors of macrosomia in order to own better antepartum prevention and obsterical measure.Methods Retrospective analysis was conducted in the total of 349 complete macrosomia cases in this hospital,the relevant factors of macrosornia( except diabetes melitus) were compare and analyzeed.Results There was significant correlation between macrosomia and age of pregnant woman,gestional weeks,body mass index.Conclusion In order to reduce the incidence rate of macmsomia,decrease the rate of uterine-recision delivery and save the life for the mother and the infant,some effective measures should be carried out for pregnant ladies who are foreseen to have a macrosomia.

AIM:To observe the alterations in cognition of growing rats exposed to chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) and to explore its underlying mechanisms. METHODS:Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats (3-week-old～4-week-old and 80 g to 100 g),which had been trained to complete the 8-arm (4-arm baited) radial maze,were randomly divided into 4 groups:2-weeek-CIH group (2IH),4-week-CIH group (4IH),-week -control group (2C) and 4-weeek-control group (4C). The intermittent hypoxia model was induced by putting the animals in an intermittent hypoxia cabin. When intermittent hypoxia was terminated,spatial memory of these growing rats was tested by 8-arm (4-arm baited) radial maze task,then,one rat in each group was randomly selected for ultrastructural observation. The hippocampus and prefrontal cortexes of the rats were collected for analyzing the mRNA and protein expression of CREB by RT-PCR and Western blotting,respectively. RESULTS:(1) In the 8-arm (4-arm baited) radial maze task,the results indicated that the rats in the 4 groups displayed significant difference in their performance assessed by three measuremens:the reference memory error,the working memory error and total memory error (P 0. 05,respectively). CONCLUSION:Exposure to experimentally-induced IH in growing rats is associated with time related spatial memory impairment. Chronic intermittent hypoxia leads to the disorders of neuron ultra-structure in memory related brain regions. It also inhabits the CREB transduction,expression and CREB phosphorylation,decreases the synthesis of the memory related protein. These factors maybe contribute to learningmemory impairment of growing rats exposed to chronic intermittent hypoxia.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of hysteroscopy in helping identify the etiology of intrauterine fluid collection in postmenopausal women.Methods One hundred and thirtyfour postmenopausal women with intrauterine fluid collection,detected via transvaginal sonography,were admitted in the department of gynecology and obstetrics at Beijing ChaoYang Hospital from May 2014 to October 2016.All clinical data were retrospectively analyzed.All patients underwent hysteroscopy and biopsy of the endometrium.The results of hysteroscopy were analyzed against biopsy results.Results Hysteroscopy revealed that 116 of the 134 cases had uterine fluid(86.6％).Based on hysteroscopy results,44 (37.9 ％) had endometritis,10 (8.6 ％) had atrophic endometritis,5 (4.3 ％) had endometrial carcinoma,and 7(6.0 ％)had endometrial polyps,but the case numbers and rates for these conditions from microscopic examination were39 (33.6％),15 (12.9％),6 (5.2％),and 7 (6.0 ％),respectively.When microscopic examination was used as the gold standard,the sensitivities and specificities of hysteroscopy in the diagnosis of endometritis,atrophic endometritis,endometrial cancer and endometrial polyps were 82.0 ％ and 85.7 ％,66.7 ％ and 97.1％,80.0 ％ and 98.2 ％,and 100.0％ and 97.3％,respectively.The diagnostic coincidence rates were 84.6％,93.2％,94.4％ and 97.4％,respectively.Conclusions Postmenopausal women with intrauterine fluid collection shown on transvaginal sonography should receive hysteroscopy for early detection of endometrial lesions.