5000 copy/ml were both significantly higher than those in the controls.The levels of HBV-DNA positive in cultured supernatants of PBMC from suffering grave hepatitis B were higher than those in the sera by qualitative PCR of the same period.They were similar between the positive rate of quantitative PCR of HBV-DNA in sera and FQ-PCR in cultured supernatants of PBMC from hepatitis B types.They were not obviously related with the levels of ALT and TBiL.Conclusions The IL-12 and ? IFN secretion increased when the HBV-DNA of PBMC from carriers of HBeAg were at high-reproducing state.The HBV-DNA positive rate in cultured supernatants of PBMC of grave hepatitis detected by FQ-PCR was higher than that in sera by qualitative PCR.

Objective To investigate the different compatibility of tripterygium wilfordii on its attenuation and synergistic effects through applying Leigongteng decoction and its demolition decoctions on nephrosis rats,and to select the optimizing decoction to treat nephrotic syndrome.Methods 110 Wister rats were divided into 11 groups randomly,which were 9 groups of nephrosis model groups (including Leigongteng group,Leihe group,Leigui group,Leiqi group,Leigongteng ecoction group,Leijin group,Leigan group,prednisone group and nephrosis model group) and 2 blank groups (normal control group and normal Leigongteng group),10 rats in each group.The normal control group and normal Leigongteng group was intravenous injected with 0.65 ml sodium chloride in caudal vein; 9 groups of nephrosis model groups were injected with 0.65 ml adriamycin.The prednisone group was selected for positive control,24h urine protein,total protein,albumin,urea nitrogen,and creatinine were tested with automatic biochemistric meter.Results ALB (27.58±2.62)g/L,Leigan group Compared with(92.60± 18.12) mg in Leigongteng group,the urine protein in Leigongteng diction group(48.60± 11.75) mg,Leiqi group (53.20± 13.21) mg,and Leigan group (56.40 ±16.52) mg were reduced.Compared with the Leigongteng group TPR(58.98±4.84) g/L,ALB (20.98 ± 3.49) g/L,the Leigongteng decoction group [TPR (68.47 ± 5.25) g/L,ALB (28.97± 3.01) g/L],TPR and ALB in Lei-Qi group TPR(68.21 ±4.19) g/L,TPR(67.51 ± 5.42) g/L,ALB (26.56± 1.89) g/L were all elevated.Compared with Leigongteng group chol (1.48 ± 0.65) mmol/L TG (1.70 ± 1.58) mmol/L,chol and TG in the Leigongteng decoction group chol(0.78±0.13)mmol/L,TG(0.56±0.14)mmol/L,Lei-Qi group chol (0.70±0.13) mmol/L,TG (0.65±0.12) mmol/L,and Leigan group chol (0.97±0.33) mmol/L,TG(0.66±0.18) mmol/L were lowered; compared with Leigongteng group,UN (14.20 ± 2.12) mmol/L,Cr (78.10 ± 6.14) μmol/L,UN and Cr in the Leigongteng decoction group UN(7.59±0.78) mmol/L,Cr(39.60±8.33) μmol/L,Leigan group UN (9.48 ± 0.82) mmol/L,Cr(38.30±7.89)μmol/L,and Leijin group UN(9.71±1.33) mmol/L,Cr(41.40±6.45) μmol/L,Leigui group UN(8.30±1.12) mmol/L,Cr(36.90±6.15) μmol/L were all reduced with significant differences (all P＜0.05).The changes of Kidney morphology and ultrastructure pathology in Leigongteng different combination groups were lighter than the control groups.Conclusion Leigongteng decoction group,Leiqi group,Leigan group had synergistic actions,while Leigongteng decoction group,Leigan group,Leijin group,and Leigui group had kidney toxicity-reducing actions.

Eleven measurements of human up palates from two hundred invividuals were analyzed by the discriminant analysis in order to determine sex.Statistical analysis of the up palate measurements on the sexual dimorphism showed that ten measurements have sex difference(P

Objective To explore the value of application of choledochofiberscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of the extrahepatic bile duct disease, and the effect on reducing the incidence of the postoperative residual stone in biliary ducts. Methods According to the case history and ultrasonography,if the common bile duct(CBD) diseases suspected,the CBD was explored by intraoperative choledochofiberscope(IOCF). During the procedure,a biliary passage mirror inducer apparatus and biliary tract probe which were manufactured by ourselves were used. Results During LC,IOCF was performed on 385 cases of the 10 396 LC cases,and possitive findings were dicovered in 102 cases(26.49%). Among those positive patients, 67 cases belonged to stricture of the lower biliary tract; 5 cases were Mirizzi syndrome; 2 cases were carcinoma of the periampulla; 1 case was primarily carcinoma of the bile duct; 1case was ascarisis of the biliary system. Conclusions IOCF is a good inspect technique with high success rate and clear image of bile duct, it can discover the common duct diseases which are difficult to be diagnosed through the routine examination.At the same time, it can provide the locative and qualitive diagnosis, determine reasonable methods of operation,and effectively provent postoperative complications.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of individual donation-nucleic acid amplification test (ID-NAT) and minipool of 16 donations-NAT (P16-NAT) on the results of NAT of blood donors.Methods From February 2009 to June 2009,samples randomly collected from voluntary blood donors in Beijing were tested individually or in pooling of 16 donations by the PROCLEIX ULTRIO assay.For ID-NAT reactive samples with HBsAg,anti-HCV,or anti-HIV serologically unqualified,ID-NAT repeat reactive samples with serologically qualified,and P16-NAT reactive and followed resolution ID-NAT reactive samples,were performed for further discriminatory assays for HIV-1,samples and followed resolution ID-NAT reactive samples,were performed for further discriminatory assays for HBV,HCV and HIV-1discriminatory reagents.Samples which were HBV NAT + alone with serologically qualified were further quantified and confirmed of HBV DNA by Roche HBV quantitative PCR,analyzed by HBV serology and were diluted to simulate if they could be detected in P16-NAT.Results ( 1 ) Among 7613 samples tested by ID-NAT,26 were NAT positive,i.e.the ID-NAT positive rate was 0.34％ ( 26/7613 ). ( 2 ) Among 1004 P16 samples from 16 064 blood donations,27 were NAT positive,i.e.the P16-NAT positive rate was 0.17％ (27/16 064).(3)In serological qualified donations,ID-NAT yield rate (1 in 826,9/7438 ) was much higher than P16-NAT ( 1 in 7875,2/15 750) (x2 =11.880,P ＜ 0.05 ).All these 9 ID-NAT positive and 2 P16-NAT positive donations were discriminated as HBV NAT positive.There were no HCV NAT yield or HIV NAT yield samples. (4) Dilution assay showed only 2 of the 9 (22.22％ ) ID-NAT HBV yields were detected by P16-NAT.(5)Eight ID-NAT and 2 P16-NAT positive samples were quantified for HBV DNA and confirmed as HBV NAT yield,although the virus loads were very low:2 samples had HBV viral loads of 15 IU/ml and 472 IU/ml,6 samples ＜ 12 IU/ml,and 2 could not be detected in the original samples while had ＜ 12 IU/ml and 14.3 IU/ml in the 10 times concentrated samples.(6)Among 11 HBV NAT yield cases,3 (27.3％ ) were possible HBV window-period donors with all HBV seromarkers negative,the other 8 (72.7％ ) had occult HBV infections with anti-HBc or anti-HBe positive,however anti-HBc IgM negative.(7) The rate of initial P16-NAT reactive pools needed to be further tested by ID-NAT was 2.49％(25/1004).Initial P16-NAT reactive pools which caused by serologically qualified donations was 0.20％(2/1004).ConclusionsHBV NAT yield cases are detected at a higher frequency with ID-NAT than P16-NAT.In order to avoid samples with low viral loads would be undetected,NAT assay with high sensitivity should be selected and tested in minimized minipool donations or even with individual donation.

OBJECTIVETo observe the impact of PDE5shRNA on cardiac remodeling and heart function following myocardial infarction in mice.

METHODSMyocardial infarction (MI) was induced in mice by left coronary artery ligation. Mice were randomly assigned to sham group (n = 6), PDE5shRNA group (n = 12), common adenovirus group (n = 15) and DMEM group (n = 8). Four weeks post-MI, the survival rate was evaluated. Cardiac function was examined by echocardiography. HE staining and Masson staining were used to evaluate the myocardial infarction size and fibrosis. The number of blood vessels was evaluated by immunohistochemistry, PDE5 protein expression in the left ventricular was detected using Western blot, level of cGMP or PKG activity in the left ventricle was evaluated with ELISA.

RESULTSFour weeks post-MI, all mice survived in the sham group, 3(37%) mice died in the DMEM group, 1 (8%) died in the PDE5shRNA group and 5 died in the common adenovirus group (33%). Infarct size was significantly reduced in PDE5shRNA group compared with the common adenovirus group and DMEM group [(25.4 ± 2.9)% vs. (42.0 ± 3.2)% and (43.4 ± 2.6) %, P < 0.05]. Cardiac function was significantly improved in PDE5shRNA group compared to common adenovirus group and DMEM group[LVFS: (21.1 ± 3.7)% vs. (14.2 ± 2.9)% and (14.22 ± 2.91)%, all P < 0.05; LVEF: (48.2 ± 7.1)% vs. (34.6 ± 6.2)% and (38.1 ± 2.8)%, all P < 0.05; LVESD: (3.87 ± 0.45) mm vs.(4.91 ± 0.62) mm and (4.63 ± 0.37) mm, all P < 0.05]. The blood vessel density was also higher in PDE5shRNA group compared with common adenovirus group (infarct area:14.3 ± 2.0 vs. 6.6 ± 1.2, P < 0.05; periinfarct area: 23.6 ± 2.1 vs. 13.7 ± 2.4, P < 0.05). Compared with common adenovirus group, level of PDE5 was significantly downregulated and level of cGMP or PKG was significantly upregulated in PDE5shRNA group (all P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSPresent study suggests PDE5shRNA improves cardiac function and attenuates cardiac remodeling through reducing infarction size and cardiac fibrosis and these beneficial effects are possibly mediated by activating cGMP/PKG signaling pathway.

Adenoviridae ; genetics ; Animals ; Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 5 ; genetics ; Disease Models, Animal ; Heart Failure ; etiology ; therapy ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Myocardial Infarction ; complications ; RNA, Small Interfering ; genetics ; Ventricular Remodeling

Objective:To investigate the efficacy difference of totally laparoscopic total gastrectomy (TLTG) and laparoscopically assisted total gastrectomy (LATG) on radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer, and further to explore the safety and feasibility of totally laparoscopic esophagojejunostomy.Methods:PubMed, Web of Science, Wanfang and CNKI database were searched for all relevant articles regarding to TLTG versus LATG for gastric cancer published up to September 2019. The search keywords included: gastric/stomach cancer, total gastrectomy, totally/completely laparoscopic, laparoscopic-assisted/laparoscopy-assisted/laparoscopically assisted, esophagojejunostomy/esophagojejunal anastomosis. Meta-analysis was performed with RevMan 5.3 software.Results:A total of 258 articles were retrieved, and 11 studies were finally included after layer by layer screening, with a total sample size of 2421 cases, including 1115 cases in the TLTG group and 1306 cases in the LATG group. There were no statistical difference in age and gender between the two groups, while the mean BMI in the TLTG group was significantly higher than that in the LATG group ( P=0.01). Compared to the LATG group, shorter surgical incision ( P<0.001), less intraoperative blood loss ( P=0.003), larger number of retrieved lymph nodes ( P=0.04), less time to first oral intake ( P=0.03), and shorter postoperative hospital stay ( P=0.02) were found in the TLTG group. There were no significant differences in operation time, anastomotic time, tumor size, proximal resection margin length, postoperative pain score, time to first flatus, rate of postoperative anastomosis-related complication (including anastomotic fistula, stenosis and bleeding) and the overall incidence of postoperative complications ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Totally laparoscopic esophagojejunostomy is safe and feasible, and also suitable for obese patients. TLTG has advantages of minimally invasive, less intraoperative blood loss and easier access to lymph nodes compared to LATG. Totally laparoscopic gastrectomy will probably be the surgical trend for gastric cancer in the future.