We wished to ascertain the prevalence as well as the genetic and antigenic variation of infectious bronchitis viruses (IBVs) circulating in the Guangxi Province of China in recent years. The S1 gene of 15 IBV field isolates during 2012-2013 underwent analyses in terms of the similarity of amino-acid sequences, creation of phylogenetic trees, recombination, and serologic identification. Similarities in amino-acid sequences among the 15 isolates of the S1 gene were 54.3%-99.6%, and 43.3%-99.3% among 15 isolates and reference strains. Compared with the vaccine strain H120, except for GX-YL130025, the other 14 isolates showed a lower similarity of amino-acid sequences of the S1 gene (65.1-81.4%). Phylogenetic analyses of the S1 gene suggested that 15 IBV isolates were classified into eight genotypes, with the predominant genotype being new-type II. Recombination analyses demonstrated that the S1 gene of the GX-NN130048 isolate originated from recombination events between vaccine strain 4/91 and a LX4-like isolate. Serotyping results suggested that seven serotypes prevailed during 2012-2013 in Guangxi Province, and that only one isolate was consistent with the vaccine strain H120 in serotype (which has been used widely in recent years). The serotype of recombinant isolate GX-NN130048 was different from those of its parent strains. These results suggested that not only the genotype, but also the serotype of IBV field isolates in Guangxi Province had distinct variations, and that increasing numbers of genotypes and serotypes are in circulation. We showed that recombination events can lead to the emergence of new serotypes. Our study provides new evidence for understanding of the molecular mechanisms of IBV variations, and the development of new vaccines against IBVs.
Animals ; Antibodies, Viral ; blood ; Chickens ; China ; Coronavirus Infections ; blood ; veterinary ; virology ; Genetic Variation ; Genotype ; Infectious bronchitis virus ; classification ; genetics ; immunology ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Poultry Diseases ; blood ; virology ; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ; chemistry ; genetics ; immunology

OBJECTIVETo identify endophytic fungi bn12 from Cinnamomum camphora chvar, borneol and analysis its volatile metabolites.

METHODThe endophytic fungi bn12 was identified by morphological observation. volatile metabolites of endophytic fungi bn12 was analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrography (GC-MS).

RESULTVolatile metabolites of endophytic fungi bn12 contain borneol and much indoles. The ITS sequence of endophytic fungi bnl2 is most similar to the ITS sequence of pleosporaceae fungus, particularly C. nisikadoi.

CONCLUSIONEndophytic fungi bn12 is belong to pleosporaceae fungus. It has the ability of producing broneol.

Bornanes ; analysis ; Cinnamomum camphora ; microbiology ; DNA, Ribosomal Spacer ; genetics ; Endophytes ; genetics ; metabolism ; Fungi ; classification ; genetics ; metabolism ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; Phylogeny ; Volatile Organic Compounds ; analysis

Objective To explore the effect of comprehensive nursing intervention on expectoration in patients with acute cerebral vascular disease combined with acute lung injury (ALI).Methods One hundred and fifteen patients with acute cerebral vascular disease combined with ALI were randomly divided into the intervention group ( n=58 ) and the control group ( n=57 ) according to random number table .The intervention group received the comprehensive nursing intervention including the breathing exercises , sputum induction and chest percussion therapy , and the control group received the conventional sputum nursing according to the acute cerebral vascular disease combined with ALI , and the effect of expectoration was compared in two groups . Results No difference was found in the oxygen saturation before the intervention in two groups (P>0.05). The oxygen saturation is (96.58 ±2.31)% after the expectoration in the intervention group , and was higher than (92.53 ±2.73)% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (t=8.594, P<0.01).The PaO2 was (81.05 ±1.23) mmHg after the expectoration in the intervention group , and was higher than (77.18 ±1.37) mmHg in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (t=15.945, P<0.01).The time of effective expectoration , alleviating the symptoms of asthma hold , the disappearance of sputum, body temperature returned to normal and ICU monitoring were respectively (3.57 ±1.25) h, (5.26 ± 1.53) h, (3.52 ±1.63) d, (5.32 ±1.65) d, (7.52 ±1.67) d in the intervention group, and were less than (5.72 ±1.52) h, (9.57 ±2.05) h, (5.93 ±2.15) d, (7.82 ±1.87) d, (11.65 ±2.31) d in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( t =8.291, 12.792, 6.781, 7.605, 11.001, respectively;P <0.01).The total efficiency of the recovery of respiratory function after the effective expectoration in the intervention group was 96.55%, and was higher than 82.46%in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2 =6.116, P <0.01 ).Conclusions Comprehensive nursing intervention can promote the expectoration , increase gas exchange efficiency , improve hypoxia as soon as possible, alleviate the symptoms of asthma hold , and enhance the effect of treatment in patients with acute cerebral vascular disease combined with ALI .

Objective? To investigate the leadership status of new nurses, and to provide some reference for the training and education of new nurses and efficient quality nursing service. Methods? In September 2018, a total of 129 new nurses from a ClassⅢ Grade A hospital were randomly recruited by convenience sampling method. Questionnaire survey was conducted to compare the difference of leadership among new nurses with different characteristics by General Information Questionnaire and Nurse Leadership Questionnaire. A total of 129 questionnaires were sent out and 125 valid questionnaires were collected. Results? The average leadership score of the 125 new nurses was (3.59±0.67). The score of nursing professional ability dimension was the highest (3.73±0.64), and the score of critical thinking ability dimension was the lowest (3.47±0.71). The scores of five dimensions of interpersonal communication ability, communication ability, critical thinking ability, planning and organizing ability and self-care ability of new nurses of different genders in the nurse leadership questionnaire were compared, and the differences were statistically significant (t=-3.950,-3.145,-3.389,-3.451,-2.179;P＜0.05). The difference in critical thinking ability score of new nurses with different marital status was statistically significant (t=3.235,P＜ 0.01). Conclusions? The overall level of leadership status of new nurses is low. It is suggested that in the standardized training and education of newly recruited nurses, early education and training of career leadership should be emphasized, and the strengths of different groups of nurses should be brought into play, so as to improve their professional value and quality service.

Objective:To understand the current status of the knowledge-attitude-practice of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis (DVT) prevention in patients after traumatic orthopedic surgery and its influencing factors, and to provide a reference for improving the behavioral intervention strategies.Methods:A convenient sampling method was adopted to select 150 orthopedic patients who were hospitalized in the Traumatic Orthopedics Department of a Class A tertiary hospital from January to April 2019. The general demographic data questionnaire and the lower extremity DVT development knowledge-attitude-practice questionnaire were used to collect data. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 18.0 statistical software.Results:The total score of knowledge-attitude-practice for DVT prevention in 150 patients was (77.78±8.16) , with knowledge (14.44±4.03) , attitude (54.21±5.34) , and practice (8.09±1.46) . Univariate analysis showed that ages, education levels, occupations, and surgical sites had statistically significant impact on knowledge scores for lower extremity DVT prevention ( F=2.075, 14.829, 10.312, 7.406; P<0.05) ; surgical sites had statistically significant impact on attitude scores ( F=9.765, P<0.05) ; educational levels, surgical sites and caregivers had statistically significant impact on practice scores ( F=3.151, 4.178, 2.810; P<0.05) . Multivariate analysis showed that education levels and occupation were the main influencing factors of knowledge score, and education and primary caregivers were the main influencing factors of practice score. Conclusions:The knowledge-attitude-practice of DVT prevention in patients after traumatic orthopedic surgery are affected by education level, occupation and primary caregiver. Patients lack relevant knowledge while having positive prevention attitude, and relatively high behavioral compliance.

Objective:To compare the effects between improved catheter extubation method and the traditional one on urination pain, urinary retention, first urination time and first urination volume, and to evaluate the advantage of the improved method.Methods:144 patients with indwelling catheters after operation in our department were randomly divided into observation group and control group, with 72 cases in each group. The control group returned to the ward after surgery and began to clamp the urinary tube to train the bladder function, the catheter was removed by traditional method. Observation group: urination reflex was evaluated before extubation, according to more than 250 ml urine in the urine bag. Pumping the saline of the gas bag and injecting back 0.5ml to keep the wall of the bag smooth, eventually the catheter was excreted when urinating. Urethral pain, urinary retention, first micturition time and first micturition volume of two groups were analyzed.Results:Urethral pain, urinary retention, first micturition time in observation group and control group were 1.47±1.48, (20.44±12.98) min, 95.8% (69/72) and 3.11±1.98, (28.03±27.00) min, 83.3% (60/72), respectively, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( t value was -5.644, -2.148, χ2 value was 6.628, all P<0.05). The first micturition volume in observation group and control group were (258.6±41.57) ml and (248.14±48.82) ml, respectively, and there was no significant difference between the two groups ( t value was 1.377, P>0.05). Conclusion:The improved catheter extubation method could significantly reduce the urethral pain, shorten the time of the first urination, and improve the success rate of self-urination, which of clinical promotion.

Objective:To explore the current status and influencing factors of psychological resilience in in-service nurses in Hunan Province, and provide a certain reference for the development of nursing human resource management and occupational mental health.Methods:A mixed study method was adopted. Quantitative study: in August 2018, a total of 749 in-serve nurses from hospitals in Hunan Province were selected by convenient sampling and investigated with the general information questionnaire and Conner-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) . SPSS 23.0 was used for statistical analysis. Qualitative study: totally 21 in-service nurses who participated in the quantitative study were randomly selected for semi-structured interviews. Based on the principle of data saturation, the subject analysis method was used to organize the data.Results:The total CD-RISC score of the 749 in-service nurses was (87.28±13.28) , higher than (65.40±13.90) of the domestic norm, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.01) ; the average score of each dimension in descending order was (3.69±0.55) for strength, (3.41±0.58) for toughness, and (3.34±0.60) for optimism. There were statistically significant differences between the total CD-RISC score of in-service nurses with different ages, educational levels, working years, type of affiliation, form of employment, and professional title ( F=7.295, 5.446, 6.915, 3.238, 4.342, 7.914; P<0.05) ; Multi-factor analysis showed that age and education level were the main influencing factors ( P<0.05) . Two themes were extracted from the qualitative study, namely internal factors and external factors. The internal factors included the lack of personal adaptability and mental health guidance awareness, while the external factors included differences in hospital management culture, and lack of psychological service institutions, professionals and trust. Conclusions:The psychological resilience of in-service nurses in Hunan Province is higher than that of domestic norms, and is affected by both internal and external factors. It is recommended to enhance the nurses' rights protection bill in future organization and management, attach importance to their on-the-job education and provide personalized psychological service channels for employees, and further strengthen the hospital's internal psychosocial service construction.