1.Prevalence of aac(6')-Ib-cr in clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae
Fangyou YU ; Weiliang DU ; Guoan LI ; Meilan LI ; Xueqing ZHANG ; Liang SHI ; Zengqiang CHEN
Chinese Journal of Laboratory Medicine 2008;31(9):975-978
Objective To investigate the prevalence of aac(6')-Ib-cr in clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae.Methods A total of 337 isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae were isolated from clinical specimens in our hospital from Jan,2006 to Sep,2007.Gentamycin,amikacin or tobramicin was used to screen the isolated with aac(6')-Ib-cr.aac(6')-Ib and class 1 interase gene(intl1)was determined by PcR All PCR products of aac(6')-Ib were sequenced for determination of aac(6')-Ib-cr. MICs of antibiotics were determined by agar dilution method.The ESBLs-producing isolates were determined by the CLSI-recommended confirmatory tests.Conjugation test was used to detect the transfer of plasmid.Results Of the 337 clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae,64(19.0%),28(8.3%)and 55(16.3%)isolates were resistant to gentamycin,amikacin and tobramycin,respectively.Among 64 gentamycin-resistant isolates,24(37.5%)were positive for aac(6')-Ib-cr,including 13 ciprofloxacin-resistant isolates and 11 ciprofloxacinsusceptible isolates.The prevalence of aac(6')-Ib-cr in ciprofloxacin-resistant and-susceptible isolates were 54.2%(13/24)and 27.5%(11/40).The positive rates of ESBLs and intl1 in the 24 isolates carrying aac(6')-Ib-cr were 79.2%(19/24)and 91.7%(22/24).Plasmids carrying aac(6')-Ib-cr of 13 isolates were successfully transferred to E.coli J53.Plasmids of all transconjugants were positive for aac(6')-Ib-cr and intl1.All transconjugants were ESBL producing strains.Conclusions aac(6')-Ib-cr exists widely in clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae.aac(6')-Ib-cr and ESBL gene usually coexist in a selftransmissible conjugative plasmid by class 1 integron.
2.LPS regulates macrophage autophagy through PI3 K/Akt/mTOR path-way
Tao DU ; Hai HUANG ; Xin CHEN ; Hong DING ; Rui ZHANG ; Meilan LIU ; Hui CHEN
Chinese Journal of Pathophysiology 2014;33(4):675-680
AIM:To detect the activation of macrophage autophagy caused by lipopolysaccharide ( LPS) and the possible related signaling pathways .METHODS:The macrophage cell line RAW264.7 cultured in vitro was divided into 5 groups according to the culture environment , including normal culture group , starvation-activated sautophagy group , LPS group, LPS+PI3K inhibitor (hVps34) group and LPS+mTOR inhibitor (rapamycin) group.Fluorescent expression vector pcDNA3.1-GFP-LC3 constructed in previous work was transfected into the macrophages .The fluorescence microscopy was used to detect the formation of autophagosome .The mRNA expression of autophagy-associated genes Atg5, Atg7, LC3-II and Bnip3 in the macrophages was detected by qRT-PCR.The protein levels of LC3-II, p-Akt and p-mTOR were deter-mined by Western blotting , so as to evaluate the molecular pathways of autophagy in LPS-activated macrophages .RE-SULTS:The macrophages stably expressing GFP-LC3 were successfully established , which were used to observe the auto-phagy under fluorescence microscope .Compared with normal culture group , the autophagy in starvation group , LPS +hVps34 group and LPS+rapamycin group was significantly increased .The mRNA expression levels of Atg5, LC3-II and Bnip3 were significantly increased in starvation group , LPS+hVps34 group and LPS +rapamycin group , while in LPS group, those decreased slightly .The protein level of p-Akt in starvation group , LPS group and LPS+rapamycin group was significantly increased , while p-mTOR in starvation group , LPS+hVps34 group and LPS+rapamycin group significantly declined .LC3-II expression level in starvation group , LPS+hVps34 group and LPS+rapamycin group was higher than that in control group and LPS group .CONCLUSION: LPS regulates macrophage autophagy , and its possible pathway is the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, but there are some other effective regulatory pathways .
3.Applicaion of intraoperative irrigation with hypothermic 3% sodium chloride solution in plasma tonsillectomy in adults
Hui DONG ; Meilan DU ; Aifen PAN ; Xinmei ZHANG ; Xuequn YIN ; Zhengyu JU
Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing 2022;38(16):1207-1211
Objective:To investigate the effects of intraoperative irrigation with hypothermic 3% sodium chloride solution on surgery effect and post-tonsillectomy pain in adults.Methods:A total of 120 adult patients with the plasma tonsillectomy from January to December 2020 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University were divided into observation group A, observation group B, observation group C and control group according to random number table method, with 30 cases in each group. During operation, observation group A used hypothermia 3% sodium chloride, observation group B used room temperature 3% sodium chloride, observation group C used hypothermia 0.9% sodium chloride, control group used room temperature 0.9% sodium chloride. The quality of surgical field quality, operation time, blood loss in operation, duration of catheter, the postoperative wound pain at 24, 48, 72 h after operation were compared among four groups.Results:The surgical field quality scores were (2.07 ± 0.87) points in the observation group A, significantly lower than in the observation group B (2.57 ± 0.73) points, observation group C (2.60 ± 0.56) points and control group (3.10 ± 0.66) points, the differences were statistically significant ( t=2.71, 2.89, 5.61, all P<0.01). Amounts of blood loss in operation were (9.13 ± 1.74), (10.03 ± 2.81), (10.50 ± 2.09) ml in the observation group A, observation group B and observation group C, significantly lower than in the control group (15.23 ± 3.64) ml, the differences were statistically significant ( t=8.85, 7.54, 6.87, all P<0.01). At 24 h after operation, the scores of Numerical Rating Scale(NRS) were (3.23 ± 0.77), (3.53 ± 0.63), (3.80 ± 0.89) points in the observation group A, observation group B and observation group C, significantly lower than in the control group (4.43 ± 1.17) points. At 48 h after operation, the scores of NRS were (2.37 ± 0.72) points in the observation group A, significantly lower than in the control group (2.93 ± 0.83) points, the differences were statistically significant ( t values were 2.77-5.25, all P<0.01).There was no significant difference in operation time, duration of catheter and wound pain 72 hours after operation among the four groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Intraoperative use of hypothermic 3% sodium chloride solution can reduce the amount of blood loss in operation in adult patients with plasma tonsillectomy, increase the clarity of visual field, and effectively reduce postoperative pain.