High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) persistent infection is the most common cause of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions. As a primary prevention measure, especially in developing countries, HPV vaccine can greatly reduce the incidence of cervical cancer.However, researches on the safety, efficacy, and coverage of the HPV vaccine still remain insufficient. Therefore, in this review, we outlined the recent research progress of the HPV vaccine in terms of immunogenicity, safety, efficacy, latest vaccination concepts and strategies. It may provide a theoretical basis for further research on the use of the HPV vaccine.
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