Objective To investigate problem-based learning(PBL)in clinical teaching of pediatric interns.Methods To compare and analyze the grades of pediatric interns’case writing before and after PBL.Results There was significant difference between the two groups and the grades of interns by PBL were notably higher.Conclusion PBL can improve the interns’ability of case writing,clinical thoughts,operation ability,and enhance their enthusiasm in learning.

Objective To investigate the relation between symptoms/pulmonary function and airway inflammation of asthmatic children through follow-up investigation on the pulmonary function and airway inflammatory,in order to provide basis for regular asthmatic therapy.Methods The pulmonary function and histamine challenge test of 32 cases of 7～14 years old asthmatic children under regular inhalation corticosteroid(ICS) therapy were carried out and the relation between the symptoms/pulmonary function and airway reactivity were evaluated.Results During the remission period after regular ICS therapy,the mean of one second force expiratory volume(FEV_1),25% and 50% of vital capacity of force expiratory flow(FEF_ 25 and FEF_ 50 ) predicted improved significantly when comparing with those prior to the therapy(P

Objective Cystatin C (CysC) is a cysteine protease inhibitor,is widely expressed in human eukaryotic cells,CysC involved in diabetic nephropathy,retinopathy,peripheral vascular disease and type 2 diabetes,insulin resistance occurs Development,as a predictor of type 2 diabetes and complications

Diabetic mellitus induced erectile dysfunction (DIED) is a common complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which seriously affects the physical and mental health of male T2DM patients. The occurrence of DIED involves a variety of pathophysiological changes such as vascular tissue, nerve, endocrine and so on. But the traditional treatment of erectile dysfunction is not ideal for DIED. Glucagon like peptide (GLP)- 1 receptor agonist has been widely used as a new drug for the treatment of diabetes, and the representative drugs are exenatide and liraglutide. Existing research shows that it can improve endothelial cell function, neuropathy and sex hormone secretion, reduce body weight and insulin resistance. Therefore, these drugs may be a new choice for patients with DIED.

Objective To develop a measurement method for determination of optical parameters of a red blood cell ( RBC) suspension based on the measurement of spatial scattered light signals without using an integrating sphere.Methods Multiple independent photoelectric sensors and light intensity modulation were used to obtain the measured values of diffuse reflectance,diffuse transmittance and collimated transmittance.The measured data results were imported into a Monte Carlo simulation based RTE to inversely determine the absorption coefficient, scattering coefficient and anisotropy factor of the measured sample using a new perturbation method.Results The described measurement method was applied to determine the optical parameters of a polystyrene microsphere suspension with a mean diameter of 2.6μm,and the results were essen-tially consistent with the calculated optical parameters by Mie code.Then, the RBC suspension was used for testing optical parameters,and the results were basically consistent with the parameters in the literature.Conclusion The system based on the measurement of spatial scattered light signals without using an integrating sphere will provide a quick and accurate approach for quantitative analysis of free hemoglobins and RBC suspensions.

The computerized imitating system constructed by the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University contains four blocks:administration of student infomation,administration of question bank,on-line tests and administration of score inquiry.It's designed to imitate typical pediatric cases,so that the medical students may put themselves into the practical clinical scenario and solve the challenges step by step in one-direction procedure.Teaching with computerized clinical scenario imitating patients can improve students' test resuhs and activate students' learning enthusiasm significantly.It not only helps to solve the contradiction between increasing number of medical students and clinical typical teaching case shortage but also improves the clinical thinking ability of the medical students.This system can also be used as a test bank for pediatric technical skills examination.

Objective A computerized clinical scenario imitating patients and clinical course variation for situation simulating teaching were established due to lack of typical patients,inadequacy of resourees in pediatric teaching probation and simplification in traditional teaching pattern.Methods Data of clinical typical patients were collected and recorded into video,and then these data were synthesized and put into computer,designing a computerized clinical setting imitating patients' set.216 uodergraduate students from grade 2008 were randomly divided into 2 groups.The patients in experimenial group were taught with computerized clinical scenario imitating patients,while traditional clinical probation in the hospital ward was carried out for those in the control group.Examination and questionnaire survey were performed at the end of the study.t test was used in statistical analysis.Results Comparison between the two groups using questionnaire survey showed that the learning motivation encouragement,active participation in teaching,guidance of clinical logical thinking and judgment,improvement of clinical thinking capacity,acceptance rate in classroom,preference rate were better in the experimental group than those in the control group (P ＜0.05).Student's performance in examination in the experimental group was higher than those in the control group ( P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Teaching with computerized clinical scenario imitating patients is a teaching method closely related to clinical situation.It can significantly activate student's learning enthusiasm,improve clinical thinking and judgment capability,avoid risk of medical care and establish a new teaching setting for clinical pediatric teaching.

Objective To investigate the effects of Chinese herbal medication combined with nutrition intervention on perioperative nutrition in patients with colon carcinoma.Methods Ninety-six patients with colon carcinoma were divided according to their odd or even number into the control group and the intervention group.The former were given routine nutrition and the latter Chinese herbal medication combined with nutrition intervention.Then the mini-nutritional assessment(MNA)was used to assess the changes before and after operation and the complications.Results The intervention group was significantly better than the control one in terms of all nutrition factors but hematoglobin(P<0.05).The incidences of complication and dystrophy in the intervention group were lower than in control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The application of Chinese herbal medication combined with nursing intervention is important for the improvement of their nutrition and the reduction of postoperative complications.

ObjectiveTo detect the mutations of GJB3 and GJB4 genes in two sporadic cases of erythrokeratodermia variabilis(EKV).MethodsGenomic DNA was extracted from two sporadic patients with EKV,their family members,and 100 normal human controls.All the exons and adjacent splice sites of GJB3 and GJB4 genes were amplified by PCR.Mutation scanning was carried out via direct bidirectional DNA sequencing.ResultsA G134C mutation was found at the GJB3 gene in patient 1,which caused a substitution of glycine by alanine at codon 45 (G45A).No mutation was found in the GJB4 gene in case 1 or GJB3 and GJB4 genes in case 2.ConclusionA missence mutation G45A in GJB3 gene is found in a patient with EKV.

Objective To investigate the present situation of retinopathy of the prematurity(ROP)in Guang-dong Province.Methods A total of 1 52 hospitals engaged in neonatal medical service were selected from 1 3 cities in Guangdong Province by stratified random sampling method.The questionnaires of present situation and influential factors for ROP in Guangdong Province were distributed to the hospital officers to survey the special equipment in the Neonato-logy Department,ROP specialists and their training collected,the collected related equipment and the present situation of the disease,et al.Eventually,1 22 questionnaires was collected,and the return rate was 80.26%.One hundred and twenty -two hospitals entered into the study,including 50 tertiary hospitals,72 secondary and primary hospitals.Statisti-cal analysis was done with SPSS 1 9.0.Results Tertiary hospitals were better than secondary and primary hospitals in terms of conducting the oxygen monitoring (χ2 =1 8.639,P <0.01 ),ROP screening (χ2 =40.054,P <0.01 )and ROP treatment(χ2 =8.262,P <0.05).The restriction factors in the present situation of ROP were lack of specialists,tech-nology and equipment,especially the first two factors.The difference in lack of specialists and technology between tertia-ry hospitals and the lower -level hospitals was significant(χ2 =4.520,P <0.05).There were 63 hospitals able to con-duct ROP screening,and 1 6 hospitals without equipment could carry out ROP screening through referral or inviting the experts from other hospitals.Fifty -nine hospitals which couldn′t carry out ROP screening had to refer patients to other hsopitals or invite the experts from other hospitals for consultation of high risk patients.Conclusions The present situation of ROP in the tertiary hospitals in Guangdong Province is generally satisfactory,while that in the secondary and primary hospitals stays behind.The constraints for present situation of ROP examination and treatment were lack of spe-cialists,technology and equipment.The hospitals that can′t implement ROP screening should establish regional co -operation by referral and resource sharing to improve the present situation of ROP in Guangdong Province.