We arranged for experienced doctors to carry out the programme of short-term strengthening training in obstetrics,gynecology and pediatrics to trainees before the end of their clinical practice,aiming at assisting trainees to systematize and categorize skill and knowledge that they had gained confusedly and disorderly during obstetrics,gynecology and pediatrics practice.It demonstrated that such programme was beneficial to their comprehensive examination of graduation and future clinical practice.

Objective To evaluate the effect of combination splenectomy and endoscopic varices ligation in comparison with Hassab procedure in the treatment of portal hypertension. A prospective, controlled study was carried out on Splenectomy with EVL in comparision with portoazygous disconnection--the Hassab procedure to assess whether SEVL can achieve better results in the treatment of portal hypertension. Methods From Jan 1999 to June 2002, 103 cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension were admitted. These patients were randomized into two groups. Group A were treated by splenectomy combined with EVL(53 cases) , and group B were treated with Hassab procedure(50 cases). Results In both groups, there was a significant postoperative decrease in free portal pressure, the velocity and volume of portal flow (all P0.05). Portal vein thrombosis developed in 7 cases (13%) in group A, and in 14 cases (28%) in group B, P

Objective To evaluate the effect and safety of combined treatment by laparoscopic cholecystectomy and subsequent ablation in patients with HCC adjacent to the gallbladder. Methods From June 2005 to June 2009,13 patients with HCC nodules( less than 3 cm) adjacent to the gallbladder were treated by ablation after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The rate of complete necrosis as well as postoperative complications were also analyzed. Results All the patients showed complete necrosis of their tumor lesions after treatment by ablation subsequence of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. During the follow-up period( nearly 2 years), recurrent nodules appeared in other subsegments but not at the original site treated by ablation. Of note, no fatal complications were observed in all the ablation treated patients. Conclusion Combined treatment by laparoscopic cholecystectomy and subsequent PMCT was an effective and safe method for patients with small HCC which was adjacent to gallhladder.

BACKGROUND: There is no accepted treatment for liver fibrosis recently. Bone marrow meaenchymal stern cells (BMSCs) used in the treatment of liver fibrosis has been reported as an effectively treatment, but the mechanism is unclear.OBJECTIVE: To study the regulation of hepatic stellate cells mediated by human BMSCs in vitro.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The cytological in vitro study was performed at the Center for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering of Sun Yat-sen University and the Central Laboratory of Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from June to December 2008.MATERIALS: Human bone marrow masenchymal stem cells were collected from normal youth volunteers; Human hepatic stellate cells and normal liver call line L-O2 were supplied by the Animal Experimental Center of Sun Yat-sen University.METHODS: The purified human BMSCs and hepatic stellate calls were set up in Transwell co-culture system. The incubation density was 2×104cells/well. L-O2 was set up instead of human BMSCs as negative control. Hepatic stellate cells cultured alone served as blank control group. The culture was performed for 72 hours.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Morphology of hepatic stellate cells and results of immunocytochemical staining. Apoptosis of hepatic stellte calls was determined by flow cytometry. Western blot were used to assay the expression of α-actin.RESULTS: Activated hepatic stellate cells presented fiat and thin shape under an inverted microscope. Fat drop was lack in cytoplasm, a -actin located in hepatic stellate calls, with the presence of high tension fibers. Compared with the L-O2 + hepatic stellate cell and hepatic stellate call groups, the apoptotic rate of hepatic stellate cells was significantly increased in the BMSC + hepatic stellate cell group (P < 0.05). α -actin expression was significantly down-regulated.CONCLUSION: Human BMSCs can inhibit activation of hepatic stellate ceils and promote them apoptosis, which may be the anti-hepatic fibrosis mechanism of BMSCs.

Objective To evaluate a thrombolytic system of portal vein port-catheter kit (PC) in the treatment of portal vein thrombosis (PVT). Methods In this study, 42 PVT patients with liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension after splenectomy from 2005 to 2007 were divided into two groups. In group A (20 eases) thrombolysis was administered through the PC device. Urokinase at the dosage of 1000 U?kg-1?h-1 was given for a consecutive 3 -6 days through the PC, and then the therapy was converted to 100 AxaIU/kg of low molecular heparin twice a day for 7 days subcutaneously. In group B, the thrombolysis was performed on 22 patients through peripheral veins. The therapy was same as in group A except for that the urokinase dosage was doubled. The complete thrombolysis rate, the effective thrombolysis rate, the time of thrombolysis, the long-term recurrence rate and the incidence of complication were compared between the two groups. Results The complete thrombolysis rate and the effective thrombolysis rate in group A were 75%, 90% respectively, compared with that of 41%, 59% respectively in group B. The significant differences in the complete thrombolysis rate, the effective thrombolysis rate, the time of thrombolysis and the incidence of complication were found between the two groups, while the thrombolysis recurrence rate had no significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion PC regime is an effective and safe method for the treatment of portal vein thrombosis.

Objective To evaluate HCC family history on recurrence and survival of HCC patients after curative hepatectomy. Methods The family history,postoperative recurrence rate,1,2 and 5 year survival rate of 79 HCC patients who received surgical resection were collected.Patients were divided into two groups:34 cases in familial aggregation HCC group (FH group ) and 45 cases in non- familial aggregation HCC group (NH group).All these HCC patients were followed up for 3 months to10 years after surgery,and the median follow-up period was 48.5 months.We analyzed the survival rate of HCC patients by Kaplan -Meier survival curve to compare the postoperative recurrence rate and survival rate between two groups. Results 34 cases of HCC probands came from 33 families,and there were 104 cases of HCC patients in these families,an average of 3.2 cases per family.There were 6 families in which 3 or more cases developed HCC,and there were 13 families in which father or (and) mother had HCC accounting for 39.4％.The six months,1 year,2 year posthepatectomy recurrence rate in FH group was 15.1％,22.3％,40.1％,significantly higher than NH group of 10.3％,17.4％,25.6％ (x2 =5.762,6.434,5.987,P ＜0.05),and 1,2,5 year's survival rate in FH group was 57％,46％,40.3％,much lower than NH group of 85.3％,75.2％ and61.5％ (x2 =8.986,9.765,7.634,P＜0.05). Conclusions Family history of HCC affects the prognosis of HCC patients after surgery. Patients with HCC family history have higher postoperative recurrence rate and worse prognosis than that of patients who do not have HCC family history.

BACKGROUND:Previous studies have confirmed that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in vitro can promote hepatic stel ate cellapoptosis and inhibit its activity, in which the mechanism of action remains unknown. OBJECTIVE:To screen out apoptosis-related genes during hepatic stel ate cellapoptosis regulated by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells using gene chip technology. METHODS:Purified human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were seeded in 6-wel Transwel plate and cocultured with hepatic stel ate cells. Cultured human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells alone served as control group, and cultured for 72 hours. The alterations in apoptosis-related genes were analyzed between culture alone group and coculture group using gene chip technology. The genes strongly associated with regulation of hepatic stel ate cells were selected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:By the functional classification of second-generation SABiosciences Gene chips, apoptotic gene screening found that after coculture, significantly upregulated genes in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells contained:AKT1, PIK3R2, DAPK1, DHCR24, NOTCH2 and BDNF. Combined with previous findings, we hypothesized that NOTCH may play a key role in the regulation of hepatic stel ate cells by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.

Objective To study the clinical use of microwave scalpel in hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma without hepatic vascular inflow occlusion.Methods A retrospective study was conducted on the clinical data of 126 consecutive patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who were treated at the Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from December 2015 to August 2018.The patients included 111 males and 15 females,with ages which ranged from 25 to 75 years.These patients were divided into two groups by the different surgical resection methods:the microwave scalpel hepatectomy (MSH) group which employed microwave scalpels to perform hepatectomy (n =42),and the ultrasound scalpel hepatectomy (USH) group which employed ultrasound scalpels (n =84).The perioperative conditions which included baseline data,amount of intraoperative bleeding,liver function after operation,and morbidity of postoperative complications were compared.Results There were no significant differences in the preoperative indexes which included tumor diameter,number of tumors,levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) between the 2 groups (all P ＞ 0.05).In the MSH group,the amount of intraoperative bleeding was 100.0 (100.0,200.0) ml,which was significantly lower than the 300.0 (100.0,400.0) ml in the USH group (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the USH group,the levels of AST and ALT on postoperative day 1,3,7 after operation in the MSH group were significantly lower (all P ＜ 0.05),and the corresponding albumin levels were significantly higher than the USH group (P ＜0.05).The incidence of complications was 4.8％ (2/42) in the MSH group which was significantly lower than that of 20.2％ (17/84) in the USH group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Microwave scalpel significantly reduced intraoperative bleeding and postoperative complications,and led to less liver functional injury.

Objective TodeterminethevalueofT1WIsignalratioofbilateralglobuspallidustoputamenindiagnosisofhighbilirubin relatedencephalopathyoftermneonates.Methods ThecranialMRIsignalcharacteristicsandclinicaldataof105newbornswereanalyzed retrospectively.Accordingtothetotalserumbilirubin (TSB)andclinicalsymptoms,86caseswithoutriskfactorsofterm neonates weredividedinto4groups(Ⅰ~Ⅳand3groups(A~C).TheT1WIsignalintensityofbilateralglobuspallidusandputamenwere m easured and the ratio of G/P w as calculated.T he data of each group w ere co m pared and analyzed by t test and ANOVA.R O C curve ofG/Pratiowasperformedtopredicttheprogressofdisease.Results TherewasstatisticallysignificantdifferencebetweengroupⅠandgroupⅡ,groupⅠandgroupⅢ,groupⅠandgroupⅣ,groupⅡandgroupⅢ,groupⅡandgroupⅣ(P＜0.05),whereasno differencewasfoundbetweengroupⅢandgroupⅣ (P＞0.05).Comparingthethreegroupsdividedbyclinicalsymptoms,statistically significantdifferenceswereobserved(P＜0.05).TheROCcurverevealedthatforserum TSB,thepredictiveriskofhyperbilirubinemia with1.51and1.62,thepredictiveperformanceforhighbilirubinrelatedencephalopathywith1.70and1.69.Conclusion TheT1WI signalintensityratioofG/Ppotentiallyassistsinthediagnosisofhighbilirubinrelatedencephalopathy.Combinedwithclinicalmanifestations, itcanbecomprehensivelyanalyzeddialectically,therebyincreasingtheobjectiveaccuracyofdiagnosis.