Objective] To discuss the effect of timely infection evaluation and intervention on reducing infection to low-body mass incubator infants of primary hospitals. [Method] Select 98 cases of low-body mass incubator infants of 1210~2000g as control group(routine prevention used), and another 95 cases of 1200~2010g as observation group(taking timely infection evaluation, giving pointing intervention to infants with various infective risk factors). Compare their infection and in-hospital period. [Result]In control group 98 cases, 45 cases(45.92%) had infection; in observation group 95 cases, 11 (11.58%) had infection; the infective rate of observation group was lower than control group, the difference had statistical meaning( P<0.05). [Conclusion] To take timely infection evaluation and preventive intervention can definitely reduce infection.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of tacrolimus (FK506) on macrophage accumulation,proliferation and activation in the kidney of early diabetic rats and to explore its possible mechanism of renal protection.Methods Rats were randomly divided into control,model and tacrolimus groups.Diabetic model rats were induced with intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin.Tacrolimus(0.5 or 1.0 mg·kg-1 ·d-1) was orally administered once a day for 4 weeks.Kidney weight index(KWI),24-h urinary albumin excretion rate(UAER) and creatinine clearance rate(Ccr) were measured.Kidney pathology was observed by light microscopy.ED-1,PCNAandiNOSpositivemacrophagesweredetectedbysingleanddoublestainingof immunohistochemistry.Results KWI increased in model group and was significantly reduced by tacrolimus treatment with 1.0 mg·kg-1 ·d-1 (P＜0.05).UAER elevated in model group and was markedly attenuated by tacrolimus treatment with 0.5 and 1.0 mg·kg-1 ·d-1 (P＜0.05).Elevated glomerular volume of model rats was significantly decreased by tacrolimus treatment with 0.5 and 1.0 mg·kg-1·d-1 (P＜0.05),and increased indices of tubulointerstitial injury were only ameliorated by 1.0 mg·kg-1·d-1 tacrolimus(P＜0.01).Marked accumulation of ED-1+ cells in diabetic kidney was found,which was not inhibited by tacrolimus treatment with 0.5 and 1.0 mg·kg-1·d-1.ED-1PCNA+ cells and ED-1+ iNOS+ cells were significantly elevated in kidneys of model group,while they were significantly inhibited by tacrohmus treatment with 0.5 and 1.0 mg·kg-1·d-1 (P＜0.01).Conclusion Tacrolimus can ameliorate early renal injury of diabetic rats and its mechanism may be partly associated with the suppression of increased macrophages activation.

Objective To discuss the perioperative nursing for patients with Laparoscopic resection of gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Methods A retrospective study was carried out in 18 patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors on the effect of perioperative nursing and surgery. Results The gastrointestinal stromal tumors were resected under Laparoscopy with average operation time of 70 minutes. Blood loss volume during the operation was 20 to 50 ml. All patients recovered well with hospitalization days of 4 to 9 days. No relapse or metastasis was seen after 6 to 22 months of follow-up visit. Conclusions Laparoscopic resection of gastrointestinal stromal tumors was safe and effective. Perioperative nursing had significant effect on the recovery of patients.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate clinical efficacy and safety of recombinant human tissue type plasminogen activator (rt-PA) intravenous thrombolytic in the treatment of elderly patients (over 75 years old) with acute cerebral infarction (ACI). METHODS:78 elderly ACI patients,on the basis of routine treatment,were divided into thrombolysis group (40 cases) and non-thrombolysis group (38 cases) according to the will of patients or family members. Non-thrombolysis group received aspirin 200 mg,qd;thrombolysis group was given rt-PA 0.9 mg/kg(maximum dose of 90 mg)by intravenous push of 10% dose within 1 min,and intravenous dripping of residue dose within 60 min;receiving aspirin 200 mg,qd,24 h after thrombolytic therapy with-out contraindications. Both groups were treated for 14 days. The effective rate,NIHSS score before treatment and 24 h,7 d and 14 d after treatment,prognosis after 90 d were compared between 2 groups,and the occurrence of ADR was observed in 2 groups. RE-SULTS:The total effective rate was 67.50% in thrombolysis group and 52.63% in non-thrombolysis group,with statistical signifi-cance(P<0.05);there was significant difference in NIHSS score between 2 groups 24 h,7 d,14 d after treatment(P<0.05);90 d prognosis of thrombolysis group was superior to that of non-thrombolysis group,there was statistically significance (P<0.05);there was no statistical significance in the incidence of ADR between 2 groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:4.5 h time window rt-PA intravenous thrombolytic therapy is safe and effective for elderly patients with ACI,and can reduce disability and fatality,im-prove prognosis.

Objective To systematically evaluate the relationship between stroke location and post-stroke depression (PSD) in first-ever stroke patients.Methods The studies on the relationship between stroke location and PSD published from January 1980 to March 2016 were retrieved from databases,including Chinese science and technology journal full-text database (VIP),China journal full-text database (CNKI),Wanfan database,PubMed,ISI Web of Science,Ovid database and Elsevier Science Direct.RevMan5.3 software was adopted for data consolidation and analysis.Results A total of 14 studies,including 1 952 cases of patients were included.The meta analysis indicated that no direct relationship was found between stroke location and PSD in first-ever stroke patients [random effects model,95 ％CI(0.89,1.43),P＜0.01].The results of subgroup analysis indicated that the PSD was associated with the right hemisphere lesion when the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) was adopted for assessment [fixed effects model,95 ％ CI(1.21,1.76),P＜0.01],while the relationships were not found in the subgroup analysis of time course after stroke and the aphasia occurrence.Conclusion Stroke location may be not directly associated with PSD,further studies are needed to ascertain the relationship between stroke location and PSD.

Objective To understand the experiences of patients prior to operation with recurrent glioma based on the Corbin and Strauss chronic illness trajectory framework. Methods Fourteen patients participated in the semi-structure interviews.Data were analyzed with Colaizzi′s phenomenologica l procedure. Results Based on the Corbin and Strauss chronic illness trajectory framework, experiences of patients prior to operation with recurrent glioma were extracted. (1) Illness-related work including severe symptoms of illness and lack of knowledge of illness. (2) Biographical work including loss of biography and identity of self. (3) Everyday life work including change of social roles, complicated mood combined negative experience and positive experience, heavy economic burden. Conclusions Nursing staff should attach importance to experiences of patients, and provide targeted interventions for successful operations and recovery of physical and spiritual healing.

Objective To observe the effect of liraglutide, an analogue of glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1), on the expression of PDX-1 gene in the islet beta cells of type 2 diabetes rats. Methods Sixty male SD rats were divided into 3 groups:normal control group, diabetic model group and GLP-1 group. Normal control group was given normal diet and diabetic model group and GLP-1 group were given high fat diet. After the eighth weekend, the high fat diet group was intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin (STZ) 30 mg/(kg·bw), and the GLP-1 group was subcutaneously injected with liraglutide 200μg/kg with 2 times per day for 8 weeks. The other groups were treated with normal saline by subcutaneous injection. Real-time fluorescent quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (Real-Time RT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of PDX-1 gene in rat pancreatic islet cells. Results The expressions of PDX-1 mRNA in the GLP-1 group and untreated group were significantly lower (P <0.001) than that in the normal control group, but significantly higher than that after GLP-1treatment (P < 0.001). Conclusion GLP-1 can upregulate the expression of PDX-1 gene in the islet beta cells of type 2 diabetes rats.

Objective To establish multi-PCR-single strand conformational polymorphism analysis (mPCR-SSCP) for rapid detection of isoniazid (INH) and rifampin (RIF) resistance associated katG,inhA and rpoB genes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates.Methods The INH-and RFP-resistance of 134 isolates was determined by using drug susceptibility test.The primers were designed for detecting INH and RFP resistance-associated katG,inhA and rpoB gene in the isolates by mPCR-SSCP.PCR-DS technique was applied to detect the mutations in katG,inhA and rpoB genes.All the results from different assays were subsequently analyzed as well as compared.Results All of the 134 tested isolates had katG,inhA and rpoB genes.Of the 134 isolates,42 (31.3％) and 45 (33.6％) strains were INH-and RFP-resistant,respectively.The results of mPCR-SSCP and PCR-DS showed that all the 92 INH-susceptible isolates had no mutation in katG and inhA genes with 100％ specificity.In the 89 RFP-susceptible isolates,2 and 1 had mutation in rpoB genes confirmed by mPCR-SSCP and PCR-DS with 97.8％ or 98.9％ specificity,respectively.Among the 42 INH-resistance isolates,33 and 36 strains had the mutations in katG and/or inhA genes due to the results of mPCR-SSCP and PCR-DS with 78.6％ or 85.7％ sensitivity,respectively.The results of mPCR-SSCP and PCR-DS also demonstrated that in the 45 RFP-resistance isolates,41 and 43 strains had the mutations in rpoB gene with 91.1％ or 95.6％ sensitivity,respectively.Conclusion The mPCR-SSCP established in this study can be used to rapidly detect INH and RFP-resistance associated mutations in katG,inhA and rpoB genes of M.tuberculosis with convenience,specificity and sensitivity,which shows a good prospect for application in clinic.

Objective To study the ocular manifestations in patients with Behcet's disease (BD).Methods Medical records at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from 2002 to 2012 were reviewed to identify the patients who were diagnosed as BD with ocular involvement.Results One hundred and eleven BD patients developed ocular involvement.Males were more frequently involved,and the male/female ratio was 2.08∶ 1.The age at the onset of BD and the time of ocular involvement were (27.6-± 10.8) and (31.5 ± 10.7) years,respectively.The median interval between the diagnosis of BD and ocular disease was 24 (0,372) months.Ocular involvement was bilateral in 85.6％ patients.About two thirds patients (66.7％) had impaired vision,for example,visual acuity of 0.1 or less was detected in 60.4％ patients.Uveitis (90.1％) was the most common findings in BD patients with ocular involvement and the most frequent type of uveitis in both sexes was panuveitis (62.16％).Vision loss,proliferative retinopathy and cataract were more common in men.There was a statistically significantly higher frequency of positive human leukocyte antigen(HLA)-B51 in the male BD with ocular involvement than in the female.All BD patients with uveitis were given systemic corticosteroid or combined immunosuppressive agents.The improvement of visual acuity was seen in 77％ BD patients,but the recurrent attacks occurred in 49％ patients,resulting in blindness in 25.5％ of them.TNFα blockers were given to 19 recurrent uveitis patients,12 patients improved while two had no response.Conclusions The most common ocular involvement in BD was uveitis.Males were more frequently involved with a more severe disease,higher complications and positive HLA-B51 than in females.Glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants were effective to uveitis,but high rate of recurrent inflammatory ocular attacks led to high risk of blindness.TNFα blockers may improve the outcome of recurrent BD uveitis.

Objective To explore the correlation of oral chemotherapy adherence and illness perception among colorectal cancer patients at different stages of chemotherapy in order to provide evidence for improving oral chemotherapy adherence among colorectal cancer patients in clinical practice.Methods A prospective longitudinal study was employed.Convenience sampling was used to recruit 132 cases of colorectal cancer patients.Data of general information,oral chemotherapy adherence and illness perception were collected by questionnaire.Results At different stages of chemotherapy,patient's score of oral chemotherapy adherence were 7.24±1.15,6.97±1.43,6.95± 1.17;patients' illness perception scores were 40.12±9.47,39.91±8.65,37.01±6.83.Oral chemotherapy adherence was negatively correlated with illness perception (r=-0.225,P＜0.05;r=-0.279,P＜0.01;r=-0.277,P＜0.01).Conclusion Higher level of patient's illness perception was related to worse oral chemotherapy adherence.Nurses should instruct patients to understand the disease and the treatment correctly,to reduce the adverse impact on patients' life and emotion,and to improve patients' compliance with oral chemotherapy.