Objective: To assess neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in peripheral blood of breast cancer patients and to investigate their correlation with patient prognosis. Methods: Clinical data of 316 patients with breast cancer, who underwent radical mastectomy between December 2014 and January 2011 in The Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University were collected. Clinical and pathological data including NLR, PLR, TNM staging, ER, HER-2 and triple-negative breast cancer were analyzed. Results:There was a significant correlation (P<0.05) between NLR and TNM staging in breast cancer. There was no significant correlation among NLR and the values of estrogen receptor (ER), HER-2 and triple negative breast cancer (P>0.05). Also, there was no significant correlation among PLR and TNM staging, and the values of ER, HER-2 and triple-negative breast cancer (P>0.05). Conclusion: NLR level before treatment, as an indicator of systemic inflammation, can effectively predict the prognosis of breast cancer.