OBJECTIVETo study the effect of Xiaoyu Tablet (XYT) on blood flow parameters and morphology of carotid artery in atherosclerotic patients.

METHODSUsing color Doppler ultrasonographic technique to examine the blood flow parameters and intimal thickness of carotid artery in 20 patients of carotid atherosclerosis after 24 weeks treatment of XYT, and compared with those in 10 patients treated with gastrodine lipid-lowering tablet.

RESULTSAfter 24 weeks treatment, blood flow parameters of carotid artery were obviously improved and intimal thickness of common carotid arteries in both side was markedly decreased. XYT showed an effect better than that of gastrodine lipid-lowering tablet.

CONCLUSIONXYT is effective in increasing blood flow of cervical and cerebral arteries.

Arteriosclerosis ; diagnostic imaging ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Blood Flow Velocity ; Carotid Arteries ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Carotid Stenosis ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Tablets ; Tunica Intima ; pathology ; Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color

Animals ; Arteriosclerosis ; drug therapy ; Cholesterol, LDL ; blood ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Hyperlipidemias ; drug therapy ; Lipids ; blood ; Lipoproteins ; blood ; Lipoproteins, LDL ; blood ; Male ; Rabbits ; Tablets ; Triglycerides ; blood

Hemangioma ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Infant ; Parotid Gland ; Parotid Neoplasms ; surgery ; Propranolol ; therapeutic use

BACKGROUNDNosocomial infection caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) could lead to increased morbidity and mortality. In 2006, VRE nosocomial spread became a reality in our hospital since the first VRE nosocomial infection in 2003. Little is known about the prevalence of coexistence with VRE and MRSA in the patients. The primary objective of the study was to identify the molecular characteristics of epidemic MRSA clones in our hospital and the prevalence of the coexistence with MRSA and VRE in same patients during the 2-year period, 2006 - 2007.

METHODSThe clinical features, laboratory test results, and therapeutic outcomes of 129 cases who isolated MRSA collected from January 2006 to December 2007 were retrospectively analyzed. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to determine mecA-femB type and staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) type. All the participants were screened for clinical and microbiological data to identify the coexistence of VRE strains with MRSA.

RESULTSOne hundred and twenty-nine MRSA isolates were included in the study: 71 (55%) from the intensive care unit, 35 (27.2%) from the surgical wards and 23 (17.8%) from the medical wards. The most frequent source of isolation of MRSA was sputum (76.7%). From seven patients we isolated MRSA and VRE (E. faecium) simultaneously during their inpatient stay. One hundred and twenty-seven (127/129, 98.4%) MRSA isolates harboured SCCmec type III, only 2 MRSA strains contained SCCmec type II. All of the 129 MRSA isolates remained sensitive to vancomycin, teicoplanin and linezolid. Higher sensitivity rates were noted for chloramphenicol 99.2% (128/129). Only 20.2% (26/129) of the MRSA isolates were sensitive to rifampin. All isolates presented resistance to multiple antimicrobial agents with high minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs), including: beta-lactams (penicillin, oxacillin, cefoxitin, and cefazolin), tetracycline, erythromycin, gentamicin, and quinolones (ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin).

CONCLUSIONSThe predominant MRSA clone at Beijing Chaoyang Hospital from 2006 to 2007 had the type III SCCmec element. All of the MRSA isolates were multiresistant to antimicrobial agents. Emergence of coexistence of MRSA and VRE in the same patient was not rare. Physicians should pay more attention to infections resulting from MRSA and VRE. Aggressive infection control measures should be taken to prevent the transmission of the multidrug resistance organism.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; pharmacology ; China ; Chromosomes, Bacterial ; genetics ; Enterococcus ; drug effects ; genetics ; physiology ; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections ; epidemiology ; Hospitals ; statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Male ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ; drug effects ; genetics ; physiology ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Middle Aged ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Prevalence ; Staphylococcal Infections ; epidemiology ; Vancomycin Resistance

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of long-term exposure to carbon disulfide (SC(2)) on cardiovascular system of workers.

METHODSThe concentrations of CS(2) were detected in the representative workshops with different exposure levels. The indicators related to cardiovascular system were tested in 633 workers occupationally exposed to CS(2), which included blood pressure, electrocardiogram, blood routine (blood RT), cholesterol (TCHO), triglyceride (TG) and so on. The data were analyzed by chi-square test and multiple logistic regression analysis.

RESULTSThe exposure concentration of CS(2) for 389 workers was less than or equal to 5 mg/m(3), which for other 244 workers was higher than 5 mg/m(3). The maximum exposure concentration of CS(2) was 15.73 mg/m(3). There were no significant effects of CS(2) on the electrocardiogram, red blood cells, white blood cells, blood platelet, TCHO and TG of workers. However, the positive effects of CS(2) on blood pressure and negative effects of CS(2) on hemoglobin were found. The rates of high TCHO, TG and hypertension in male workers were significantly higher than those in female workers (P < 0.05). The rates of high TCHO, hypertension and sinus arrhythmia in older workers (≤ 30 years old) were significantly higher than those in young workers (> 30 years old) (P < 0.05). The rate of sinus arrhythmia in workers with 1 - 10 working years was significantly higher than that in workers with more than 10 working years (P < 0.05). The rate of hypertension in workers with 1 - 10 working years was significantly lower than that in workers with more than 10 working years (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThere were no significant effects of CS(2) exposure on the indexes of cardiovascular system of workers.

Adult ; Blood Pressure ; Carbon Disulfide ; adverse effects ; Cardiovascular System ; drug effects ; physiopathology ; Erythrocyte Count ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Exposure ; analysis ; Risk Factors ; Young Adult

In order to compare the differences of 35 Menthae Herba samples collected on the market and at producing areas, the contents of six total terpenoids, the essential oil and chromatographic fingerprints were analyzed, which provided evidences for drawing up the commodity specifications and grading criteria of Menthae Herba. GC-MS method was used to analyze the chemical constituents of 35 different samples. The chromatographic fingerprints obtained by using GC were then evaluated by similarity analysis, hierarchical clustering analysis and principal component analysis. The relativity between the content of six terpenoids and the essential oil were studied. In this study, the chemical profiles of 35 samples from different producing areas had significant disparity. All samples collected in the report could be categorized into four chemical types, L-menthol, pulegone, carvone and L-menthone, but the chemical profiles had no relationship with the areas. The chromatographic fingerprints of the samples from different types were dissimilar, while the different producing areas were difficult to be separated. It was indicated that the content of volatile oil was positively correlated with the content of L-menthol and the sum of six total terpenoids. The content of the essential oil, L-menthol and the sum of six total terpenoids of Menthae Herba were considered as one of the commercial specifications and grading criteria. These results in the research could be helpful to draw up the commercial specification and grading criteria of Menthae Herba from a view of chemical information.
Cluster Analysis ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; Mentha ; chemistry ; Oils, Volatile ; analysis ; Principal Component Analysis ; Terpenes ; analysis

OBJECTIVETo investigate the high-risk factors for parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis (PNAC), which is the most common complication of parenteral nutrition for infants, in very low birth weight infants (VLBWIs).

METHODSRetrospective analysis was performed on the clinical and laboratory data of 204 VLBWIs who received parenteral nutrition for over 2 weeks in the neonatal intensive care unit from August 2006 to December 2011. The infants'liver function was evaluated periodically before and after Parenteral nutrition. Univariate analysis and multivariate analysis were performed in the observation (PNAC) and control (without PNAC) groups.

RESULTSPNAC occurred in 46 (22.5%) of the 204 VLBWIs. Univariate analysis showed that continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) ventilation, respiration failure, respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) were significantly increased in the observation group compared with the control group. The observation group had lower birth weights, longer duration of ventilation, later breast feeding beginning, longer duration of fasting, longer duration of parenteral nutrition, and higher cumulated amino acid and lipid emulsion intake. Logistic regression analysis revealed that duration of fasting was a high-risk factor for PNAC (OR=1.115, 95%CI: 1.031-1.207).

CONCLUSIONSMany risk factors are associated with PNAC. Early enteral nutrition and short duration of parenteral nutrition are helpful in preventing the incidence of PNAC in VLBWIs.

Cholestasis ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Very Low Birth Weight ; Logistic Models ; Parenteral Nutrition ; adverse effects ; Risk Factors

Objective To observe the effectiveness of different administration time and positions of Kaiselu for patients with acute myocardial infarction On prevention of their constipation.Methods 68 acute myocardial infarction patients without three days puzzles stool were randomly divided into two groups f 34 case8 in each group).The patients in the observation group received Kaiselu 40～50 ml without the awareness of defecation,by the anal insertion 7～10 cm,while the control group received Kaiselu 40～50 ml with the awareness of defecation, by the anal insertion 3～4 cm. Results The defecation effect in the observation group Wag significantly higher than the control group(P<0.01).Conclusions It shows better defecation effect for patients with acute myocardial infarction received Kaiselu without the awareness of defecation by the anal insertion 7～10 cm.

Objective To observe the association between job stress (effort-reward imbalance model) and blood lipids among university staff in Yunnan province. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1244 university staff in Yunnan province. The job stress was measured by the validated Chinese self-reported Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire (ERI). Blood lipids were measured in all participated staff members. Results After adjustment for relevant confounding factors, it was found that the risk of increased serum triglyceride was 3.5 folds higher in male staffs with high extrinsic effort compared those with low extrinsic effort (OR = 3.45, 95% CI: 1.32-9.04) while the risk of increased serum low density lipoprotein-cholesterol was 2.9 folds higher in male staffs with high overcommitment compared those with low overcommitment (OR = 2.86, 95% CI: 1.03-7.96). The risk of elevated serum triglyceride increased in proportion to increasing job stress: 3.5 folds increase in male staffs with moderate job stress (OR = 3.43,95% CI: 1.24-9.53) and 4 folds increase in male staffs with high job stress (OR = 4.16, 95% CI: 1.42-12.17) compared those with low job stress. However, there was no significant association between job stress and lipid profile in female staffs. Conclusion Our results show that job stress (effort-reward imbalance) is positively associated with abnormal blood lipids in male university staffs.

The structure and working principle of DYC-3075 low pressure chamber were introduced briefly.The causes for three cases of typical failures of the chamber were analyzed,and some countermeasures were put forward accordingly.Refe-rences were provided for engineers tomaintain thech amber.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2024,45(8):113-116]