Objective To explore the higher dangerous factors,the early clinical performances and its contents of neonatal pulmonary hemorrhage(NPH).Methods The clinical performances,chest radiograms and autoptical pathological materials of 66 cases of newborns who died of NPH at our neonatal department during 1993 to 2003 were reviewed and analyzed.Results The higher dangerous factors of NPH were premature delivery/low birth weight,serious diseases lead to hypoxia and severe infections.The early clinical performances of NPH were the suddenly aggravation of dyspnea and the increasing of moist sounds.The early X-ray performances were lower penetrance of lung fields extensively and well-distributly with path clouds,the intercostals space usually increased.According to the autoptical(patho)-logy,this X-ray perfomance indicated the edema of the pulmonary with small amount of hemorrhage.Conclusion The patients with the higher dangerous factors and the early clinical performances of NPH,must be diagnosed and interfered it as early as possible to reduce the mortality of NPH.

ObjectiveTo find out if the immune system derived thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH) β splice variant(TSHβ-Ⅴ) would be regulated by circulating thyroid hormone levels to get a further understanding of the function and mechanism of this TSHβ-Ⅴ in thyroid homeostasis.MethodsA total of 20 weaning Balb/c mice (half male and half female) were selected and randomly divided into two groups according to their body mass and gender(n =10).Mice of control group were fed with common diet and deionized water.Mice of the low-iodine(LI) group were fed with low-iodine diet(containing iodine 20 - 40 μg/kg,iodine-intake about 0.25 μg/d) and deionized water.The experimental period was 3 months.At the end of the experiment,mice were executed and the blood was collected to observe the levels of TSH and thyroid hormone by chemiluminescence immunoassay (CIA) ; bone marrow (BM),peripheral blood(PBL),thyroid gland and pituitary were collected to assay the TSHβ-Ⅴ mRNA expression by real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).ResultsThe serum free thyroxine(FT4) and total thyroxine(TT4) levels in LI group of mice[(0.47 ± 0.70)nmol/L,(2.41 ± 0.28)pmol/L] were significantly lower than that of the control group of mice [(55.2 ± 3.68) nmol/L, (32.72 ± 1.02) pmol/L,t =43.81,86.04 、all P ＜ 0.01 ] and the serum total triiodothyronine(TT3) and free triiodothyronine(FT3) reduction in LI group of mice[ (0.76 ± 0.08)nmol/L,(4.01 ± 0.40)pmol/L] were significantly lower than that of the control group of mice [ (1.10 ± 0.06)nmol/L,(5.40 ± 0.38)pmol/L,t =9.81,7.5 1,P ＜ 0.01 ].Iodine insufficiency strongly elevated the serum TSH in LI group of mice[ (35.67 ± 17.39)mU/L] than that in control group of mice[ (0.24 ± 0.10)mU/L,t =- 6.11,P ＜ 0.01 ].The mRNA levels of TSH β-Ⅴ in BM (9.62 ± 0.60) and in PBL( 9.25 ± 0.83 ) of LI group of mice were lower than those in control group of mice (7.69 ± 0.36,7.11 ± 0.41,t =6.77,5.64,P ＜ 0.01),while the mRNA level of TSH β-Ⅴ in pituitary of LI group of mice (1.99 ± 0.61) was increased compared with that in control group of mice (5.75 ± 0.98,t =- 8.02,P＜ 0.01).Compared with control group of mice(9.12 ± 0.62),the level of thyroid TSH β-Ⅴ mRNA in LI group of mice (9.32 ± 0.91 ) was not significantly changed (t =0.45,P ＞ 0.05).There was no detectable native TSHβ in BM,PBL and thyroid.The mRNA level of native TSHβ in pituitary in LI group of mice( - 7.17 ± 1.78) was dramatically elevated compared to that in control group of mice( - 1.43 ± 0.51,t =- 7.60,P ＜ 0.01 ).ConclusionsThe mRNA levels of TSHβ-Ⅴ are suppressed in BM and PBL in low iodinediet induced hypothyroidism mice,which suggest that immune system derived TSHβ-Ⅴ may be more important thannative TSHβ in immune-thyroid regulation.

Objective To examine the clinical effect of phacoemulsification with foldable posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation (PC-IOL) in management of angle-closure glaucoma (ACG) with cataract. Methods Phacoemulsification with foldable PC-IOL implantation was performed in 31 eyes with ACG. The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), anterior chamber depth (ACD) and anteior chamber angle width were measured and recorded preoperatively, 1 day, 1 week, 1 month and 3 months postoperatively. Results The mean IOP decreased significantly after surgery (P

OBJECTIVEIdiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) is a common glomerular disease. The pathogenesis of the disease remains unclear. Recent studies indicate that transforming growth factor beta (TGF beta) is the main cytokine involved in glomerular disease. It plays an important role in the development of INS and in occurrence of glomerulosclerosis. The present study aimed to study changes and significance of TGF beta in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS).

METHODSTotally 35 cases with INS (13 males, 22 females) were studied. The age of onset was between 2 years and 1 months and 14 years with an average of 8 years and 3 months. The active stage group had 35 cases and the remission stage groups had 25 cases. The cases in active stage group had first onset of the disease with obvious clinical symptoms and abnormal laboratory findings without use of corticosteroids. The cases in remission stage group were asymptomatic without abnormal laboratory findings. Protein in urine was negative over 4 weeks after oral administration of prednisone for 8 weeks. Twenty five cases were steroid responsive and 10 cases were steroid non-responsive among the 35 cases. Thirty healthy young children were enrolled as control. TGF beta was detected by ELISA in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) culture medium. The TGF beta mRNA gene expression was measured by in situ PCR in PBMC.

RESULTS(1) Concentration of TGF beta(247 +/- 26) ng/L and TGF beta mRNA expression (0.57 +/- 0.18) in active stage of simple type or nephritis type INS were higher than those of remission stage and control (P < 0.01). Concentration of TGF beta[(125 +/- 16) ng/L] and TGF beta mRNA expression (0.30 +/- 0.12) in remission stage were higher than that of control (P < 0.05). (2) The level of TGF beta protein in nephritis type [(275 +/- 26) ng/L] was significantly higher than that in simple type [(220 +/- 18) ng/L] in active stage INS (t = 6.45, P < 0.01). No significant difference in TGF beta mRNA expression was found between the nephritis type (0.58 +/- 0.15) and simple type (0.55 +/- 0.16) in active stage INS, either (P > 0.05). But these two types were different from the control (P < 0.01). (3) Concentration of TGF beta and TGF beta mRNA expression after therapy was clearly lower than that before therapy in steroid responsive group (P < 0.01). Whereas no significant change was seen in steroid non-responsive group. Both indicators were higher in steroid non-responsive group than in steroid responsive group whether before or after therapy.

CONCLUSIONTGF beta may play an important role in the mechanism of INS and its level in PBMC can be used as an immunological indicator for the illness state, therefore, determination of TGF beta level and mRNA may be of some clinical significance.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Humans ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Male ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; blood ; drug therapy ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; genetics ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo observe the therapeutic effect of scalp electroacupuncture on Parkinson disease (PD) of grade 1.5-3.0 on Hoehn-Yahr scale.

METHODSThirty patients with Parkinson disease were randomized equally into the treatment group and control group. Patients in the treatment group were treated by scalp eletroacupuncture at the contralateral points of MS6, MS4, MS8, MS9 and MS14 in cases of unilateral lesions or at the bilateral points for bilateral lesions, with also medication with Madopar. The patients in the control group were given Madopar only. The scores of Webster scale and the motor function of United Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) were used to for assessment before and after the therapeutic course (6 weeks).

RESULTSTremor, rigidity and bradykinesia were obviously improved in both the groups (P<0.05). The difference in the score of Webster scale was not significant between the two groups (P>0.05), but the treatment group showed greater improvement in motor functions than the control group (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONScalp electroacupuncture is effective and safe for therapy of Parkinson disease.

Aged ; Electroacupuncture ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Parkinson Disease ; therapy ; Scalp

Objective To explore the physical activity and exercise rehabilitation for children with cerebral palsy using International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health-Children and Youth Version (ICF-CY). Methods Based on the theoretical framework of ICF-CY and the theories of children's development, the paper discussed the physical activities and exercise rehabilitation strategies for chil-dren with cerebral palsy. Results There were important roles of physical activity and exercise rehabilitation to improve the motor function and cognitive function, and enhance cognition, mobility, self-care, and communication function, and promote the overall development for children with cerebral palsy. The individualized physical activity and exercise rehabilitation program for children with cerebral palsy could be developed with the analysis of functioning and disability with ICF-CY. Conclusion Children with cerebral palsy could improve their functioning and get overall development with individualized physical activity and exercise rehabilitation program based on ICF-CY.

OBJECTIVETo study the relation between histopathologic grading and some of the cytogenetic and molecular biology characteristics of breast cancer.

METHODSOn the basis of estrogen receptor (ER) expression, DNA content, S-phase fraction (SPF), bcl-2 and mutant p53 protein (mtp53) expression were examined by FCM in 121 breast cancer patients. In 66 patients with invasive ductal breast cancer, histopathologic grading was also examined.

RESULTSThe aneuploidy rate and DNA index (DI) were significantly different in grade I, II and III breast cancer. SPF and mtp53 expression significantly increased with increase in histopathologic grading (P < 0.05), but bcl-2 did not show this trend. SPF and mtp53 expression were significantly more in breast cancer with negative ER than in those with positive ER (P < 0.05). Again, no such differences in bcl-2 regardless of ER expression. Correlations existed between DI vs SPF, DI vs mtp53, and SPF vs mtp53 expressions (P < 0.01) but bcl-2 did not correlate with any one of them.

CONCLUSIONCytogenetic and molecular biology studies on the basis of histopathologic grading may provide more information in prognostic prediction of breast cancer.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aneuploidy ; Breast Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast ; metabolism ; pathology ; DNA, Neoplasm ; analysis ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; Prognosis ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Receptors, Estrogen ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; S Phase ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; biosynthesis ; genetics

Objective To analyze the current status of physical activities for children with intellectual disabilities based on ICF, to discuss the effects of physical activities on the health, and the approaches and its precautions.Methods The theory and method of ICF had been adopted. Literature review and theoretical research methods were implemented.Results In the way of participating physical activity, children with intellectual disabilities would improve not only their physical fitness, but also their mood and quality of life, and reduce their health risks.Conclusion Children with intellectual disabilities faced barriers in physical activities. It recommended to develop policies and provide support and guidance services to promote their participation of physical activities. It is necessary to develop policies to encourage children with intellectual disabilities to participate in community-based physical activities and provide adaptive facility and equipment, guidance and supportive services.

Objective To investigate the relationship between children's body mass index (BMI)at 5 to 6 years old and glucose concentrations of mothers without pre-existing diabetes or a gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM) diagnosis during pregnancy.Methods A prospective observational study was performed in offspring whose mother had no pre-existing diabetes or a GDM diagnosis during pregnancy in the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical Uni versity from Jan.2006 to Dec.2007.The data of maternal glucose concentrations of oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT)were acquired through referring to clinical records.Weight and height at 5 to 6 years old were measured and used to calculate BMI.Multivariable linear regression models were used to examine the association between children's BMI and maternal glucose concentrations.The influence of maternal glucose concentrations on the risk of overweight of offspring was analyzed by Logistic regression.Results There were 860 cases of children were followed-up,including 459 male cases and 401 female cases.The average BMI of children was(15.6 ± 2.7) kg/m2.There were 78 cases of overweight (9.06％) and 50 cases of obesity(5.81％).The mean maternal fasting glucose level of the OGTT was (3.8 ± 0.6) mmol/L and 2 h glucose level of the OGTT was (6.0 ± 0.9) mmol/L.After adjusting for progestation BMI,maternal weight gain during pregnancy,sex,birth weight,age and paternal weight,at the 5 to 6 years old,BMI of offspring of mothers whose fasting glucose level of the OGTT≥5.51 mmol/L were significantly higher than those of mothers whose average blood glucose level ＜5.51 mmol/L(β =0.45,95％ CI:0.15-0.80).Maternal fasting glucose level of the OGTT≥5.51 mmoL/L was associated with an greater risk of children's overweight(OR =2.32,95％ CI:1.30-3.96).Conclusions Even though the mother was in the absence of pre-existing diabetes or GDM during pregnancy,fetal exposure to high maternal glucose concentration may also promote the development of overweight in the offspring at 5 to 6 years old.

OBJECTIVETo obtain recombinant human interleukin 12 by genetic engineering, and to explore possibility of its clinical application in treatment of tumor and chronic hepatitis.

METHODSBicistronic expression vector P35-IRES-P40 was constructed for the simultaneous translation of IL-12 p35 and p40 cDNA subunit through internal ribosomal entry sites (IRES). pCI-dhfr-P35-IRES-P40 vector was constructed for expression in CHO-DHFR- cells. Positively cloned cells were screened by means of ELISA. Pools of clones with increased expression of IL-12 could be generated by selection in methotrexate. To determine the biological activities of rhIL-12, PHA-activated lymphoblasts proliferation assay and IFN-gamma induction assay were used in this study.

RESULTSGenetically engineered cells expressing hIl-12 were obtained and all the cell lines showed the stabile expression of rhIL-12 in high efficiency and good growth properties.

CONCLUSIONrhIL-12 have good biological activities, it can stimulate activation and proliferation of T cells and induce production of IFN-gamma.

Animals ; Blotting, Western ; CHO Cells ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cricetinae ; Cricetulus ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Genetic Vectors ; genetics ; Humans ; Interleukin-12 ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; pharmacology ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; T-Lymphocytes ; cytology ; drug effects ; Transfection